Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems

Overview 概述

The International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research is a global forum for multidisciplinary research and discussion on intelligent transportation systems.
《国际智能交通系统研究杂志》是一个关于智能交通系统的多学科研究和讨论的全球论坛。

It is the official publication of ITS Japan.
它是ITS Japan的官方出版物。
Serves a broad set of researchers and specialists from various fields such as transportation, engineering, policy planning, economics, and psychology.
为来自交通、工程、政策规划、经济学和心理学等各个领域的广泛研究人员和专家提供服务。
Aims to find solutions to the complex issues surrounding future transportation systems and their societal impact.
旨在为围绕未来交通系统及其社会影响的复杂问题找到解决方案。
Provides a platform for solutions-oriented information and discussion.
为以解决方案为导向的信息和讨论提供平台。
This is a transformative journal, you may have access to funding.
这是一本变革性的期刊，你可以获得资金。

Aims and scope 目标和范围

This journal is the only transportation journal to report on multi-disciplinary research efforts with the goal to discover solutions to difficult issues in the field. It provides a platform to bring together researchers and specialists in the fields of transportation, electrical, mechanical and traffic engineering, as well as those in the areas of policy planning, economics, and psychology, for wide-ranging discussion about future transportation systems. The journal is the global forum for transportation research. Papers published include original research in such areas as:
该杂志是唯一一本报道多学科研究工作的交通期刊，旨在发现该领域难题的解决方案。它提供了一个平台，将交通、电气、机械和交通工程领域的研究人员和专家以及政策规划、经济学和心理学领域的研究人员和专家聚集在一起，就未来的交通系统进行广泛的讨论。该杂志是交通研究的全球论坛。发表的论文包括以下领域的原创研究：

Sensor Technology 传感器技术
Imaging, Laser, Induction Coil, Ultrasonic Sensor and Recognition Technology based on the above mentioned technologies.
基于上述技术的成像、激光、感应线圈、超声波传感器和识别技术。

Communication Technology and its Applications
通信技术及其应用
Infrared Beacon, Radio Wave DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication), ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System), Navigation System
红外信标、无线电波DSRC（专用短程通信）、ETC（电子收费系统）、导航系统

Vehicle Control and Automated Driving
车辆控制与自动驾驶
AHS (Advanced Cruise-Assist Highway System), ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control), Lane-Keep, Automatic Driving, Automatically Operated Bus
AHS（高级巡航辅助高速公路系统）、ACC（自适应巡航控制）、车道保持、自动驾驶、自动驾驶巴士

Safety Improvement and Human Interface
安全性改进和人机界面
ASV (Advanced Safety Vehicle), Cruise Assist, Simulator
ASV（高级安全车）、巡航辅助、模拟器

Traffic Control 交通管制
Incident Detection System, Traffic Measurement, Signal Control, Accident Management
事故检测系统、交通测量、信号控制、事故管理

Traffic Planning 交通规划
Road Planning, Signal Planning, Traffic Simulation
道路规划、信号规划、交通模拟

Urban Engineering 城市工程
Urban Space Modelling, Urban Planning
城市空间建模、城市规划

Transportation Policy, Traffic Economy
交通政策、交通经济
Creation & Improvement of Pertinent Laws and Regulations, TDM (Transportation Demand Management), Road Pricing, Privacy Protection
制定和完善相关法律法规、TDM（运输需求管理）、道路定价、隐私保护

Traffic Psychology 交通心理学
Drivers, Pedestrians and Vulnerable Road Users
司机、行人和弱势道路使用者

Other Applied Technologies
其他应用技术

Submission guidelines 投稿须知
Contents 内容
Instructions for Authors
作者须知
PAPER SUBMISSION 论文投稿
AREAS COVERED 覆盖区域
Title Page 扉页
Text 发短信
References 引用
Tables 表
Artwork and Illustrations Guidelines
插图和插图指南
Supplementary Information (SI)
补充资料 （SI）
After acceptance 验收后
Open Choice 开放式选择
Editing Services 编辑服务
CONTACT 联系
Open access publishing
开放获取出版
Mistakes to avoid during manuscript preparation
稿件准备过程中应避免的错误

Instructions for Authors 作者须知

PAPER SUBMISSION 论文投稿
Papers will be received at any time. You may contact the secretariat for any inquiry regarding submission of papers.
论文将随时收到。如对提交文件有任何疑问，请与秘书处联系。
Please submit your paper via our website http://www.editorialmanager.com/ijit/. After the receipt of your papers is confirmed, the secretariat will immediately send you its acknowledgement via E-mail.
请通过我们的网站提交您的论文 http://www.editorialmanager.com/ijit/。在确认收到您的文件后，秘书处将立即通过电子邮件向您发送确认。
There is no specific limit on the number of pages for the papers to be submitted, but, as a general rule, Research Papers and Survey Papers should be a maximum 10 pages, and Technical Notes, 6 pages.
提交论文的页数没有具体限制，但一般来说，研究论文和调查论文最多应为 10 页，技术说明为 6 页。
Paper Format is available at http://www.its-jp.org/english/ijit/.
纸张格式可在 http://www.its-jp.org/english/ijit/ 上找到。
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AREAS COVERED 覆盖区域
Sensor Technology 传感器技术

Imaging, Laser, Induction Coil, Ultrasonic Sensor and Recognition Technology based on the above mentioned technologies.
基于上述技术的成像、激光、感应线圈、超声波传感器和识别技术。

Communication Technology and its Applications
通信技术及其应用

Infrared Beacon, Radio Wave DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication), ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System), Navigation System
红外信标、无线电波DSRC（专用短程通信）、ETC（电子收费系统）、导航系统

Vehicle Control and Automated Driving
车辆控制与自动驾驶

AHS (Advanced Cruise-Assist Highway System), ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control), Lane-Keep, Automatic Driving, Automatically Operated Bus
AHS（高级巡航辅助高速公路系统）、ACC（自适应巡航控制）、车道保持、自动驾驶、自动驾驶巴士

Safety Improvement and Human Interface
安全性改进和人机界面

ASV (Advanced Safety Vehicle), Cruise Assist, Simulator
ASV（高级安全车）、巡航辅助、模拟器

Traffic Control 交通管制

Incident Detection System, Traffic Measurement, Signal Control, Accident Management
事故检测系统、交通测量、信号控制、事故管理

Traffic Planning 交通规划

Road Planning, Signal Planning, Traffic Simulation
道路规划、信号规划、交通模拟

Urban Engineering 城市工程

Urban Space Modelling, Urban Planning
城市空间建模、城市规划

Transportation Policy, Traffic Economy
交通政策、交通经济

Creation & Improvement of Pertinent Laws and Regulations, TDM (Transportation Demand Management), Road Pricing, Privacy Protection
制定和完善相关法律法规、TDM（运输需求管理）、道路定价、隐私保护

Traffic Psychology 交通心理学

Drivers, Pedestrians and Vulnerable Road Users
司机、行人和弱势道路使用者

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Title Page 扉页
Please make sure your title page contains the following information.
请确保您的标题页包含以下信息。

Title 标题

The title should be concise and informative.
标题应简明扼要，内容丰富。

Author information 作者信息

The name(s) of the author(s)
作者姓名
The affiliation(s) of the author(s), i.e. institution, (department), city, (state), country
作者的隶属关系，即机构、（部门）、城市、（州）、国家
A clear indication and an active e-mail address of the corresponding author
通讯作者的明确指示和有效电子邮件地址
If available, the 16-digit ORCID of the author(s)
如果有，作者的 16 位 ORCID
If address information is provided with the affiliation(s) it will also be published.
如果地址信息随隶属关系一起提供，则该信息也将被公布。

For authors that are (temporarily) unaffiliated we will only capture their city and country of residence, not their e-mail address unless specifically requested.
对于（暂时）无关联的作者，除非特别要求，否则我们将仅捕获其居住城市和国家/地区，而不会捕获其电子邮件地址。

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, do not currently satisfy our authorship criteria. Notably an attribution of authorship carries with it accountability for the work, which cannot be effectively applied to LLMs. Use of an LLM should be properly documented in the Methods section (and if a Methods section is not available, in a suitable alternative part) of the manuscript.
大型语言模型 （LLM），例如 ChatGPT，目前不符合我们的作者标准。值得注意的是，作者身份的归属伴随着对作品的责任，这不能有效地应用于LLM。 LLM的使用应正确记录在手稿的方法部分（如果没有方法部分，则在合适的替代部分）。

Abstract 抽象
Please provide an abstract of 150 to 250 words. The abstract should not contain any undefined abbreviations or unspecified references.
请提供 150 至 250 字的摘要。摘要不应包含任何未定义的缩写或未指定的参考文献。

For life science journals only (when applicable)
仅适用于生命科学期刊（如适用）

Trial registration number and date of registration for prospectively registered trials
前瞻性注册试验的试验注册号和注册日期
Trial registration number and date of registration, followed by “retrospectively registered”, for retrospectively registered trials
对于追溯性注册的试验，试验注册号和注册日期，后跟“追溯注册”
Keywords 关键字
Please provide 4 to 6 keywords which can be used for indexing purposes.
请提供 4 到 6 个可用于索引目的的关键字。

Statements and Declarations
声明和声明
The following statements should be included under the heading “Statements and Declarations” for inclusion in the published paper. Please note that submissions that do not include relevant declarations will be returned as incomplete.
以下声明应列入“声明和声明”标题下，以便列入已发表的论文。请注意，不包含相关声明的提交将被视为不完整。

Competing Interests: Authors are required to disclose financial or non-financial interests that are directly or indirectly related to the work submitted for publication. Please refer to “Competing Interests and Funding” below for more information on how to complete this section.
利益冲突：作者必须披露与提交出版的作品直接或间接相关的财务或非财务利益。有关如何完成本节的更多信息，请参阅下面的“利益争夺和资金”。
Please see the relevant sections in the submission guidelines for further information as well as various examples of wording. Please revise/customize the sample statements according to your own needs.
请参阅提交指南中的相关部分以获取更多信息以及各种措辞示例。请根据自己的需要修改/自定义示例语句。

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Text 发短信
Text Formatting 文本格式
Manuscripts should be submitted in Word.
稿件应在Word中提交。

Use a normal, plain font (e.g., 10-point Times Roman) for text.
对文本使用普通的纯字体（例如，10 磅 Times Roman）。
Use italics for emphasis.
使用斜体来强调。
Use the automatic page numbering function to number the pages.
使用自动页码功能对页面进行编号。
Do not use field functions.
不要使用字段函数。
Use tab stops or other commands for indents, not the space bar.
使用制表位或其他命令进行缩进，而不是空格键。
Use the table function, not spreadsheets, to make tables.
使用表格功能（而不是电子表格）来制作表格。
Use the equation editor or MathType for equations.
使用公式编辑器或 MathType 处理公式。
Save your file in docx format (Word 2007 or higher) or doc format (older Word versions).
以 docx 格式（Word 2007 或更高版本）或 doc 格式（较旧的 Word 版本）保存文件。
Headings 标题
Please use no more than three levels of displayed headings.
请使用不超过三级显示的标题。

Abbreviations 缩写
Abbreviations should be defined at first mention and used consistently thereafter.
缩略语应在第一次提及时定义，并在其后一致地使用。

Footnotes 脚注
Footnotes can be used to give additional information, which may include the citation of a reference included in the reference list. They should not consist solely of a reference citation, and they should never include the bibliographic details of a reference. They should also not contain any figures or tables.
脚注可用于提供附加信息，其中可能包括对参考文献列表中包括的参考文献的引用。它们不应仅由参考文献引用组成，也不应包括参考文献的书目详细信息。它们也不应包含任何数字或表格。

Footnotes to the text are numbered consecutively; those to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data). Footnotes to the title or the authors of the article are not given reference symbols.
案文的脚注是连续编号的;表中的那些应该用上标小写字母表示（或显著性值和其他统计数据的星号）。标题的脚注或文章的作者没有参考符号。

Always use footnotes instead of endnotes.
始终使用脚注而不是尾注。

Acknowledgments 确认
Acknowledgments of people, grants, funds, etc. should be placed in a separate section on the title page. The names of funding organizations should be written in full.
对人员、赠款、资金等的致谢应放在扉页上的单独部分。资助机构的名称应全文填写。

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References 引用
Citation 引文
Reference citations in the text should be identified by numbers in square brackets. Some examples:
正文中的参考文献引用应用方括号中的数字标识。一些例子：

1. Negotiation research spans many disciplines [3].

2. 谈判研究涉及多个学科 [3].

3. This result was later contradicted by Becker and Seligman [5].
   2.这一结果后来被贝克尔和塞利格曼[5]反驳。

4. This effect has been widely studied [1-3, 7].
   3.这种效应已被广泛研究[1-3,7]。

Reference list 参考列表
The list of references should only include works that are cited in the text and that have been published or accepted for publication. Personal communications and unpublished works should only be mentioned in the text.
参考文献列表应仅包括正文中引用的以及已出版或接受出版的作品。个人通信和未发表的作品只能在正文中提及。

The entries in the list should be numbered consecutively.
列表中的条目应连续编号。

If available, please always include DOIs as full DOI links in your reference list (e.g. “https://doi.org/abc”).
如果可用，请始终将 DOI 作为完整的 DOI 链接包含在您的参考文献列表中（例如“https://doi.org/abc”）。

Journal article 期刊文章
Hamburger, C.: Quasimonotonicity, regularity and duality for nonlinear systems of partial differential equations. Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. 169, 321–354 (1995)
Hamburger， C.：偏微分方程非线性系统的准单调性、正则性和对偶性。Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. 169， 321–354 （1995年）

Article by DOI 文章作者 DOI
Sajti, C.L., Georgio, S., Khodorkovsky, V., Marine, W.: New nanohybrid materials for biophotonics. Appl. Phys. A (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-007-4137-z
Sajti， C.L.， Georgio， S.， Khodorkovsky， V.， Marine， W.：用于生物光子学的新型纳米混合材料。应用物理A（2007）。https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-007-4137-z

Book 书
Geddes, K.O., Czapor, S.R., Labahn, G.: Algorithms for Computer Algebra. Kluwer, Boston (1992)
Geddes， K.O.， Czapor， S.R.， Labahn， G.：计算机代数算法。Kluwer， 波士顿 （1992）

Book chapter 书籍章节
Broy, M.: Software engineering — from auxiliary to key technologies. In: Broy, M., Denert, E. (eds.) Software Pioneers, pp. 10–13. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)
Broy， M.：软件工程——从辅助技术到关键技术。在：Broy， M.， Denert， E. （eds.） Software Pioneers，第 10-13 页。施普林格，海德堡 （2002）

Online document 在线文档
Cartwright, J.: Big stars have weather too. IOP Publishing PhysicsWeb. http://physicsweb.org/articles/news/11/6/16/1 (2007). Accessed 26 June 2007
卡特赖特，J.：大明星也有天气。IOP 出版 PhysicsWeb。http://physicsweb.org/articles/news/11/6/16/1（2007 年）。2007年6月26日访问

Always use the standard abbreviation of a journal’s name according to the ISSN List of Title Word Abbreviations, see
根据ISSN标题词缩写列表，始终使用期刊名称的标准缩写，请参阅

ISSN.org LTWA ISSN.org LTWA公司

If you are unsure, please use the full journal title.
如果您不确定，请使用完整的期刊标题。

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Tables 表
All tables are to be numbered using Arabic numerals.
所有表格均应使用阿拉伯数字编号。
Tables should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order.
表格应始终以连续的数字顺序在文本中引用。
For each table, please supply a table caption (title) explaining the components of the table.
对于每个表格，请提供表格标题（标题），解释表格的组成部分。
Identify any previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference at the end of the table caption.
通过在表格标题末尾以参考文献的形式提供原始来源来识别任何以前发表的材料。
Footnotes to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data) and included beneath the table body.
表格的脚注应用上标小写字母（或显著性值和其他统计数据的星号）表示，并包含在表格正文下方。
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Artwork and Illustrations Guidelines
插图和插图指南
Electronic Figure Submission
电子数字提交
Supply all figures electronically.
以电子方式提供所有数据。
Indicate what graphics program was used to create the artwork.
指明用于创建图稿的图形程序。
For vector graphics, the preferred format is EPS; for halftones, please use TIFF format. MSOffice files are also acceptable.
对于矢量图形，首选格式是 EPS;对于半色调，请使用 TIFF 格式。MSOffice 文件也是可以接受的。
Vector graphics containing fonts must have the fonts embedded in the files.
包含字体的矢量图形必须将字体嵌入到文件中。
Name your figure files with “Fig” and the figure number, e.g., Fig1.eps.
用“Fig”和图形编号命名图形文件，例如，Fig1.eps。
Line Art 线条艺术

Definition: Black and white graphic with no shading.
定义：无阴影的黑白图形。
Do not use faint lines and/or lettering and check that all lines and lettering within the figures are legible at final size.
不要使用微弱的线条和/或字母，并检查图形中的所有线条和字母在最终尺寸下是否清晰可辨。
All lines should be at least 0.1 mm (0.3 pt) wide.
所有线条的宽度应至少为 0.1 毫米（0.3 磅）。
Scanned line drawings and line drawings in bitmap format should have a minimum resolution of 1200 dpi.
扫描的线条图和位图格式的线条图的最低分辨率应为 1200 dpi。
Vector graphics containing fonts must have the fonts embedded in the files.
包含字体的矢量图形必须将字体嵌入到文件中。
Halftone Art 半色调艺术

Definition: Photographs, drawings, or paintings with fine shading, etc.
定义：照片、素描或带有精细阴影的绘画等。
If any magnification is used in the photographs, indicate this by using scale bars within the figures themselves.
如果照片中使用了任何放大倍率，请在数字本身中使用比例尺来表示。
Halftones should have a minimum resolution of 300 dpi.
半色调的最低分辨率应为 300 dpi。
Combination Art 组合艺术

Definition: a combination of halftone and line art, e.g., halftones containing line drawing, extensive lettering, color diagrams, etc.
定义：半色调和线条艺术的组合，例如，包含线条画、大量刻字、彩色图表等的半色调。
Combination artwork should have a minimum resolution of 600 dpi.
组合图稿的最低分辨率应为 600 dpi。
Color Art 色彩艺术
Color art is free of charge for online publication.
彩色艺术在线出版是免费的。
If black and white will be shown in the print version, make sure that the main information will still be visible. Many colors are not distinguishable from one another when converted to black and white. A simple way to check this is to make a xerographic copy to see if the necessary distinctions between the different colors are still apparent.
如果打印版本中显示黑白，请确保主要信息仍然可见。许多颜色在转换为黑白时无法区分。检查这一点的一个简单方法是制作静电复印件，看看不同颜色之间的必要区别是否仍然明显。
If the figures will be printed in black and white, do not refer to color in the captions.
如果数字将以黑白打印，请不要在标题中提及颜色。
Color illustrations should be submitted as RGB (8 bits per channel).
彩色插图应以 RGB（每通道 8 位）格式提交。
Figure Lettering 图刻字
To add lettering, it is best to use Helvetica or Arial (sans serif fonts).
要添加字母，最好使用 Helvetica 或 Arial（无衬线字体）。
Keep lettering consistently sized throughout your final-sized artwork, usually about 2–3 mm (8–12 pt).
在整个最终尺寸的图稿中保持一致的字体大小，通常约为 2-3 毫米（8-12 磅）。
Variance of type size within an illustration should be minimal, e.g., do not use 8-pt type on an axis and 20-pt type for the axis label.
图中字体大小的差异应最小，例如，不要在轴上使用 8 磅类型，在轴标签上使用 20 磅类型。
Avoid effects such as shading, outline letters, etc.
避免阴影、轮廓字母等效果。
Do not include titles or captions within your illustrations.
请勿在插图中包含标题或说明。
Figure Numbering 数字编号
All figures are to be numbered using Arabic numerals.
所有数字均应使用阿拉伯数字编号。
Figures should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order.
数字应始终以连续的数字顺序在文本中引用。
Figure parts should be denoted by lowercase letters (a, b, c, etc.).
图部分应用小写字母（a、b、c等）表示。
If an appendix appears in your article and it contains one or more figures, continue the consecutive numbering of the main text. Do not number the appendix figures,“A1, A2, A3, etc.” Figures in online appendices [Supplementary Information (SI)] should, however, be numbered separately.
如果文章中出现附录，并且包含一个或多个数字，请继续对正文进行连续编号。不要对附录数字进行编号，“A1、A2、A3 等”。但是，在线附录[补充信息（SI）]中的数字应单独编号。
Figure Captions 图说明
Each figure should have a concise caption describing accurately what the figure depicts. Include the captions in the text file of the manuscript, not in the figure file.
每个图形都应该有一个简洁的标题，准确描述图形所描绘的内容。将标题包含在手稿的文本文件中，而不是图表文件中。
Figure captions begin with the term Fig. in bold type, followed by the figure number, also in bold type.
图标题以术语 Fig. 开头。以粗体显示，后跟数字编号，也以粗体显示。
No punctuation is to be included after the number, nor is any punctuation to be placed at the end of the caption.
数字后不得包含任何标点符号，标题末尾也不得放置任何标点符号。
Identify all elements found in the figure in the figure caption; and use boxes, circles, etc., as coordinate points in graphs.
在图标题中识别图中的所有元素;并使用方框、圆圈等作为图形中的坐标点。
Identify previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference citation at the end of the figure caption.
通过在图标题末尾以参考引文的形式提供原始来源来识别以前发表的材料。
Figure Placement and Size
图形位置和大小
Figures should be submitted within the body of the text. Only if the file size of the manuscript causes problems in uploading it, the large figures should be submitted separately from the text.
数字应在正文中提交。只有当稿件的文件大小导致上传时出现问题时，大数字才应与正文分开提交。
When preparing your figures, size figures to fit in the column width.
准备图形时，请调整图形的大小以适合列宽。
For large-sized journals the figures should be 84 mm (for double-column text areas), or 174 mm (for single-column text areas) wide and not higher than 234 mm.
对于大型期刊，数字应为 84 毫米（双栏文本区域）或 174 毫米（单栏文本区域）宽且不高于 234 毫米。
For small-sized journals, the figures should be 119 mm wide and not higher than 195 mm.
对于小型期刊，数字应为 119 毫米宽且不高于 195 毫米。
Permissions 权限
If you include figures that have already been published elsewhere, you must obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format. Please be aware that some publishers do not grant electronic rights for free and that Springer will not be able to refund any costs that may have occurred to receive these permissions. In such cases, material from other sources should be used.
如果您包含已在其他地方发布的图表，则必须获得版权所有者的许可，以使用印刷版和在线版。请注意，某些出版商不会免费授予电子版权，并且 Springer 将无法退还因获得这些许可而可能产生的任何费用。在这种情况下，应使用其他来源的材料。

Accessibility 可及性
In order to give people of all abilities and disabilities access to the content of your figures, please make sure that
为了让所有能力和残障人士都能访问您的人物内容，请确保

All figures have descriptive captions (blind users could then use a text-to-speech software or a text-to-Braille hardware)
所有图形都有描述性标题（盲人用户可以使用文本转语音软件或文本转盲文硬件）
Patterns are used instead of or in addition to colors for conveying information (colorblind users would then be able to distinguish the visual elements)
使用图案代替颜色或补充颜色来传达信息（色盲用户将能够区分视觉元素）
Any figure lettering has a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1
任何图形刻字的对比度至少为 4.5：1
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Supplementary Information (SI)
补充资料 （SI）
Springer accepts electronic multimedia files (animations, movies, audio, etc.) and other supplementary files to be published online along with an article or a book chapter. This feature can add dimension to the author’s article, as certain information cannot be printed or is more convenient in electronic form.
施普林格接受电子多媒体文件（动画、电影、音频等）和其他补充文件与文章或书籍章节一起在线发布。此功能可以增加作者文章的维度，因为某些信息无法打印或以电子形式更方便。

Before submitting research datasets as Supplementary Information, authors should read the journal’s Research data policy. We encourage research data to be archived in data repositories wherever possible.
在将研究数据集作为补充信息提交之前，作者应阅读期刊的研究数据政策。我们鼓励尽可能将研究数据存档在数据存储库中。

Submission 提交
Supply all supplementary material in standard file formats.
以标准文件格式提供所有补充材料。
Please include in each file the following information: article title, journal name, author names; affiliation and e-mail address of the corresponding author.
请在每个文件中包含以下信息：文章标题、期刊名称、作者姓名;通讯作者的单位和电子邮件地址。
To accommodate user downloads, please keep in mind that larger-sized files may require very long download times and that some users may experience other problems during downloading.
为了适应用户下载，请记住，较大尺寸的文件可能需要很长的下载时间，并且某些用户在下载过程中可能会遇到其他问题。
High resolution (streamable quality) videos can be submitted up to a maximum of 25GB; low resolution videos should not be larger than 5GB.
高分辨率（可流式传输质量）视频最多可提交 25GB;低分辨率视频不应大于 5GB。
Audio, Video, and Animations
音频、视频和动画
Aspect ratio: 16:9 or 4:3
纵横比：16：9 或 4：3
Maximum file size: 25 GB for high resolution files; 5 GB for low resolution files
最大文件大小：高分辨率文件为 25 GB;5 GB（低分辨率文件）
Minimum video duration: 1 sec
最短视频时长：1 秒
Supported file formats: avi, wmv, mp4, mov, m2p, mp2, mpg, mpeg, flv, mxf, mts, m4v, 3gp
支持的文件格式：avi、wmv、mp4、mov、m2p、mp2、mpg、mpeg、flv、mxf、mts、m4v、3gp
Text and Presentations 文本和演示文稿
Submit your material in PDF format; .doc or .ppt files are not suitable for long-term viability.
以PDF格式提交材料;.doc或.ppt文件不适合长期生存。
A collection of figures may also be combined in a PDF file.
一组图形也可以合并成一个PDF文件。
Spreadsheets 电子 表格
Spreadsheets should be submitted as .csv or .xlsx files (MS Excel).
电子表格应以 .csv 或 .xlsx 文件（MS Excel）的形式提交。
Specialized Formats 专业格式
Specialized format such as .pdb (chemical), .wrl (VRML), .nb (Mathematica notebook), and .tex can also be supplied.
还可以提供专用格式，例如 .pdb（化学）、.wrl （VRML）、.nb（Mathematica 笔记本）和 .tex。
Collecting Multiple Files
收集多个文件
It is possible to collect multiple files in a .zip or .gz file.
可以在 .zip 或 .gz 文件中收集多个文件。
Numbering 编号
If supplying any supplementary material, the text must make specific mention of the material as a citation, similar to that of figures and tables.
如果提供任何补充材料，文本必须具体提及该材料作为引文，类似于图表。
Refer to the supplementary files as “Online Resource”, e.g., “… as shown in the animation (Online Resource 3)”, “… additional data are given in Online Resource 4”.
将补充文件称为“在线资源”，例如，“…如动画（在线资源 3）所示“、”…在线资源4中提供了其他数据”。
Name the files consecutively, e.g. “ESM_3.mpg”, “ESM_4.pdf”.
连续命名文件，例如“ESM_3.mpg”、“ESM_4.pdf”。
Captions 字幕
For each supplementary material, please supply a concise caption describing the content of the file.
对于每份补充材料，请提供简明扼要的说明，说明文件的内容。
Processing of supplementary files
补充文件的处理
Supplementary Information (SI) will be published as received from the author without any conversion, editing, or reformatting.
补充信息 （SI） 将按从作者处收到的方式发布，无需任何转换、编辑或重新格式化。
Accessibility 可及性
In order to give people of all abilities and disabilities access to the content of your supplementary files, please make sure that
为了让所有能力和残障人士都能访问您的补充文件的内容，请确保

The manuscript contains a descriptive caption for each supplementary material
手稿包含每个补充材料的描述性标题
Video files do not contain anything that flashes more than three times per second (so that users prone to seizures caused by such effects are not put at risk)
视频文件不包含每秒闪烁超过三次的任何内容（因此，容易由此类影响引起的癫痫发作的用户不会处于危险之中）
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After acceptance 验收后
Upon acceptance, your article will be exported to Production to undergo typesetting. Once typesetting is complete, you will receive a link asking you to confirm your affiliation, choose the publishing model for your article as well as arrange rights and payment of any associated publication cost.
接受后，您的文章将被导出到生产部门进行排版。排版完成后，您将收到一个链接，要求您确认您的隶属关系，为您的文章选择出版模式，以及安排权利和支付任何相关的出版费用。

Once you have completed this, your article will be processed and you will receive the proofs.
完成此操作后，您的文章将被处理，您将收到校样。

Article publishing agreement
文章发表协议
Depending on the ownership of the journal and its policies, you will either grant the Publisher an exclusive licence to publish the article or will be asked to transfer copyright of the article to the Publisher.
根据期刊的所有权及其政策，您将授予出版商发表文章的独家许可，或者被要求将文章的版权转让给出版商。

Offprints 分印本
Offprints can be ordered by the corresponding author.
副印本可以由通讯作者订购。

Color illustrations 彩色插图
Online publication of color illustrations is free of charge. For color in the print version, authors will be expected to make a contribution towards the extra costs.
彩色插图的在线出版是免费的。对于印刷版的彩色，作者将需要为额外费用做出贡献。

Proof reading 校对读数
The purpose of the proof is to check for typesetting or conversion errors and the completeness and accuracy of the text, tables and figures. Substantial changes in content, e.g., new results, corrected values, title and authorship, are not allowed without the approval of the Editor.
校对的目的是检查排版或转换错误以及文本、表格和图表的完整性和准确性。未经编辑批准，不得对内容进行重大更改，例如新结果、更正值、标题和作者身份。

After online publication, further changes can only be made in the form of an Erratum, which will be hyperlinked to the article.
在线发布后，只能以勘误表的形式进行进一步的更改，该勘误表将超链接到文章。

Online First 在线优先
The article will be published online after receipt of the corrected proofs. This is the official first publication citable with the DOI. After release of the printed version, the paper can also be cited by issue and page numbers.
该文章将在收到更正后的校样后在线发布。这是 DOI 引用的第一篇官方出版物。印刷版发布后，还可以按期号和页码引用论文。

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Open Choice 开放式选择
Open Choice allows you to publish open access in more than 1850 Springer Nature journals, making your research more visible and accessible immediately on publication.
Open Choice 允许您在 1850 多种施普林格·自然期刊上发表开放获取，使您的研究在发表后立即更加可见和可访问。

Article processing charges (APCs) vary by journal – view the full list
文章处理费 （APC） 因期刊而异 – 查看完整列表

Benefits: 好处：

Increased researcher engagement: Open Choice enables access by anyone with an internet connection, immediately on publication.
提高研究人员的参与度：Open Choice 使任何有互联网连接的人都能在发表后立即访问。
Higher visibility and impact: In Springer hybrid journals, OA articles are accessed 4 times more often on average, and cited 1.7 more times on average*.
更高的知名度和影响力：在施普林格混合期刊中，OA文章的平均访问频率是原来的4倍，被引用的次数平均是原来的1.7次*。
Easy compliance with funder and institutional mandates: Many funders require open access publishing, and some take compliance into account when assessing future grant applications.
轻松遵守资助者和机构要求：许多资助者要求开放获取出版，有些资助者在评估未来的资助申请时会考虑合规性。
It is easy to find funding to support open access – please see our funding and support pages for more information.
很容易找到支持开放获取的资金——有关更多信息，请参阅我们的资金和支持页面。

*) Within the first three years of publication. Springer Nature hybrid journal OA impact analysis, 2018.
*） 在出版后的前三年内。施普林格·自然（Springer Nature）混合期刊OA影响分析，2018年。

Open Choice 开放式选择

Funding and Support pages
资金和支持页面

Copyright and license term – CC BY
版权和许可期限 – CC BY
Open Choice articles do not require transfer of copyright as the copyright remains with the author. In opting for open access, the author(s) agree to publish the article under the Creative Commons Attribution License.
开放式选择文章不需要转让版权，因为版权归作者所有。在选择开放获取时，作者同意在知识共享署名许可下发表文章。

Find more about the license agreement
查找有关许可协议的更多信息