智能巡逻兵 unity3D 订阅与发布模式

3D-7

智能巡逻兵

提交要求：

• 游戏设计要求：
  
  • 创建一个地图和若干巡逻兵(使用动画)；
  • 每个巡逻兵走一个3~5个边的凸多边型，位置数据是相对地址。即每次确定下一个目标位置，用自己当前位置为原点计算；
  • 巡逻兵碰撞到障碍物，则会自动选下一个点为目标；
  • 巡逻兵在设定范围内感知到玩家，会自动追击玩家；
  • 失去玩家目标后，继续巡逻；
• 计分：玩家每次甩掉一个巡逻兵计一分，与巡逻兵碰撞游戏结束；
  
  • 程序设计要求：
  • 必须使用订阅与发布模式传消息
• subject：OnLostGoal
• Publisher: ?
• Subscriber: ?
• 工厂模式生产巡逻兵

原始预览效果

最终加了动画的效果

架构图

主要代码分析

• 订阅与发布模式
  
  • 网上有个例子简要讲明了这个用法：
    

    有一家三口，妈妈负责做饭，爸爸和孩子负责吃。。。将这三个人，想象成三个类。
    妈妈有一个方法，叫做“做饭”。有一个事件，叫做“开饭”。做完饭后，调用开发事件，发布开饭消息。
    爸爸和孩子分别有一个方法，叫做“吃饭”。
    将爸爸和孩子的“吃饭”方法，注册到妈妈的“开饭”事件。也就是，订阅妈妈的开饭消息。让妈妈做完饭开饭时，发布吃饭消息时，告诉爸爸和孩子一声。

class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //实例化对象
            Mom mom = new Mom();
            Dad dad = new Dad();
            Child child = new Child();

            //将爸爸和孩子的Eat方法注册到妈妈的Eat事件
            //订阅妈妈开饭的消息
            mom.Eat += dad.Eat;
            mom.Eat += child.Eat;

            //调用妈妈的Cook事件
            mom.Cook();

            Console.Write("Press any key to continue . . . ");
            Console.ReadKey(true);
        }
    }

    public class Mom
    {
        //定义Eat事件，用于发布吃饭消息
        public event Action Eat;

        public void Cook()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("妈妈 : 饭好了");
            //饭好了，发布吃饭消息
            Eat?.Invoke();
        }
    }

    public class Dad{
        public void Eat()
        {
            //爸爸去吃饭
            Console.WriteLine("爸爸 : 吃饭了。");
        }
    }

    public class Child
    {
        public void Eat(){
            //熊孩子LOL呢，打完再吃
            Console.WriteLine("孩子 : 打完这局再吃。");
        }
    }

• 如果没有使用这个模式，下面是以前打飞碟的代码，可以看到各个代码块的耦合性很高：

public void throwUFO(int num){
            //先从工厂里面拿飞盘
            usingUFOs=UFOFactory.getFactory().creatUFOs(num);
            Scene.getScene ().throwUFO (usingUFOs);
}

• 本次使用的实践：
  
  • 发布消息：

public delegate void changeScore ();
        public static event changeScore addScoreEvent;

        public delegate void changeGameStatus ();
        public static event changeGameStatus gameOverEvent;
        //发布消息
        public void playerEscapeSuccess(){
            if (addScoreEvent != null) {
                addScoreEvent();
            }
        }
        public void playerCaught(){
            if (gameOverEvent != null) {
                gameOverEvent ();
            }
        }

• 订阅消息：

private int score;
    private int gamestatus;//1为正常，0为结束

    void OnEnable(){
        Controller.addScoreEvent += addScore;
        Controller.gameOverEvent += gameOver;
    }

    void addScore(){
        score++;
    }
    void gameOver(){
        gamestatus = 0;
    }

• 触发发布消息:

public void OnTriggerEnter(Collider other){//玩家触碰，说明逃脱追捕,触发controller发布消息
            Controller.getController ().playerEscapeSuccess ();
}

if (collisionInfo.gameObject.CompareTag ("Player")) {//抓到玩家，触发Controller的事件
            Controller.getController ().playerCaught ();
            collisionInfo.gameObject.GetComponent<Animator> ().SetBool ("isGameOver", true);
}

• MyPatrol

public class MyPatrol{
    public int PatrolArea;//记录自己的当前区域，从左到右，上到下，从1到9
    public int PlayerArea;//记录玩家所在区域
    public bool isChasePlayer;
    public GameObject PatrolObj;
    public MyPatrol (){
        isChasePlayer = false;
    }
}

• 工厂模式：

public class PatrolFactory :System.Object {

        public GameObject Patrolprefab;
        private static PatrolFactory _PatrolFactory;
        public  List<MyPatrol> usingPatrols{ set; get;}
        private List<MyPatrol> uselessPatrols;
        private MyPatrol _patrol;
        private Vector3[] patrolStartPos;

        public List<MyPatrol> getUsingPatrols(){
            return usingPatrols;
        }
        public List<MyPatrol>  getuselessPatrols(){
            return uselessPatrols;
        }

        public bool getIsChasePlayer(int tagNum){
            foreach (MyPatrol _mypatrol in usingPatrols) {
                if (_mypatrol.PatrolObj.tag.Equals (tagNum.ToString ())) {
                    return _mypatrol.isChasePlayer;
                }
            }
            Debug.Log ("cannot find the goal MyPatrol");
            return false;
        }
        public bool getIsChasePlayer(string tagStr){
            foreach (MyPatrol _mypatrol in usingPatrols) {
                if (_mypatrol.PatrolObj.tag.Equals (tagStr)) {
                    return _mypatrol.isChasePlayer;
                }
            }
            Debug.Log ("cannot find the goal MyPatrol");
            return false;
        }

        public static PatrolFactory getFactory()
        {
            if (_PatrolFactory == null)
            {
                _PatrolFactory = new PatrolFactory();//相当于创造一个空的工厂，里面有usingPatrols这些指针，但还没有分配空间
                _PatrolFactory.uselessPatrols = new List<MyPatrol>();
                _PatrolFactory.usingPatrols = new List<MyPatrol>();
            }
            return _PatrolFactory;
        }

        public void resetStartPos(){
            patrolStartPos = new Vector3[]{ 
                new Vector3(-10f,0f,13f),new Vector3(-3f,0f,13f),new Vector3(10f,0f,13f),
                new Vector3(-10f,0f,0f),new Vector3(-3f,0f,-3f),new Vector3(10f,0f,0f),
                new Vector3(-10f,0f,-10f),new Vector3(0f,0f,-10f),new Vector3(10f,0f,-10f)
                };
        }
        public List<MyPatrol> creatPatrols()//默认构造9个,初始化位置
        {
            resetStartPos ();
            for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
            {   

                if (uselessPatrols.Count == 0)
                {
                    _patrol=new MyPatrol();
                    _patrol.PatrolObj = GameObject.Instantiate<GameObject>(Patrolprefab);
                    _patrol.PatrolObj.transform.position = patrolStartPos [i];
                    _patrol.PatrolObj.tag=(i+1).ToString();
                    _patrol.PatrolArea = i + 1;
                    Controller.getController ().doPatrol (_patrol);

                    usingPatrols.Add(_patrol);

                }
                else//从uselessPatrol拿出来，不额外创建
                {
                    MyPatrol Patrol = uselessPatrols[0];
                    uselessPatrols.RemoveAt(0);
                    Patrol.PatrolObj.transform.position = patrolStartPos [i];
                    _patrol.PatrolObj.tag=(i+1).ToString();
                    Controller.getController ().doPatrol (_patrol);
                    usingPatrols.Add(Patrol);
                }
            }
            return this.usingPatrols;
        }
        public void deletePatrol(MyPatrol Patrol)
        {
            int index = usingPatrols.FindIndex(x => x == Patrol);//找到usingPatrols里面要回收的Patrols放回uselessPatrols
            uselessPatrols.Add(Patrol);
            usingPatrols.RemoveAt(index)
        }

    }

其余代码：

• SSActionManager:

public class SSActionManager : MonoBehaviour {
    private Dictionary<int, SSAction> actions = new Dictionary<int, SSAction>();  
    private List<SSAction> waitingAdd = new List<SSAction>();  
    private List<int> waitingDelete = new List<int>();  

    // Use this for initialization  
    void Start()  {  
    }  

    // Update is called once per frame  
    protected void Update()  
    {  
        //Debug.Log ("waitingAdd: " + waitingAdd.Count);
        foreach (SSAction ac in waitingAdd) {
            actions[ac.GetInstanceID()] = ac;  

        } 
        waitingAdd.Clear();  

        foreach (KeyValuePair<int, SSAction> kv in actions)  
        {  
            SSAction ac = kv.Value;  
            if (ac.destroy)  
            {  
                waitingDelete.Add(ac.GetInstanceID());  
            }  
            else if (ac.enable)  
            {  
                //Debug.Log("")
                ac.Update();  
                //ac.FixedUpdate();  
            }  
        }  

        foreach (int key in waitingDelete)  
        {  
            SSAction ac = actions[key]; 
            actions.Remove(key); 
            DestroyObject(ac);  
        }  
        waitingDelete.Clear();  
    }  

    public void RunAction(GameObject gameobject, SSAction action, ISSActionCallback manager)  
    {  
        //先将该物体原有动作删除
        for (int i = 0; i < waitingAdd.Count; i++) {
            if (waitingAdd[i].gameobject.Equals(gameobject)) {
                SSAction ac = waitingAdd[i];
                waitingAdd.RemoveAt(i);
                i--;
                DestroyObject(ac);
            }
        }

        //Debug.Log ("SS tag: " + gameobject.tag);
        action.gameobject = gameobject;  
        action.transform = gameobject.transform;  
        action.callback = manager;  
        //action.enable = true;

        ///
        waitingAdd.Add(action); 
        //Debug.Log ("action: " + action);
        action.Start();  
    }  
}

• SSAction

public enum SSActionEventType : int { Started, Competeted }  

public interface ISSActionCallback  
{  
    void SSActionEvent(SSAction source, SSActionEventType events = SSActionEventType.Competeted,  
        int intParam = 0, string strParam = null, Object objectParam = null);  
}  

public class SSAction : ScriptableObject   {

    public bool enable = true;  
    public bool destroy = false;  

    public GameObject gameobject { get; set; }  
    public Transform transform { get; set; }  
    public ISSActionCallback callback { get; set; }  

    protected SSAction() { }  

    public virtual void Start()  
    {  
        throw new System.NotImplementedException();  
    }  

    public virtual void Update()  
    {  

        throw new System.NotImplementedException();  
    } 


    public void reset(){
        enable = false;
        destroy = true;
        gameobject = null;
        transform = null;
        callback = null;
    }
}

• Interact

public class Interact : MonoBehaviour {

    private GUIStyle fontStyle1,fontStyle2;
    private int score;
    private int gamestatus;//1为正常，0为结束

    void OnEnable(){
        Controller.addScoreEvent += addScore;
        Controller.gameOverEvent += gameOver;
    }

    void addScore(){
        score++;
    }
    void gameOver(){
        gamestatus = 0;
    }

    // Use this for initialization
    void Start () {
        fontStyle1 = new GUIStyle ();
        fontStyle2= new GUIStyle ();
        fontStyle1.fontSize = 40;
        fontStyle2.fontSize = 80;
        score = 0;
        gamestatus = 1;
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update () {

    }
    void OnGUI(){
        GUI.Label (new Rect (Screen.width / 2-100, Screen.height / 2-250, 100, 50), "score: "+score, fontStyle1);
        if (gamestatus == 0) {
            GUI.Label (new Rect (Screen.width / 2-150, Screen.height / 2+50, 100, 50), "game over", fontStyle2);
        }
    }
}

• userGUI:

public class userGUI : MonoBehaviour {

        public userGUI _userGUI;
        private int player_speed;
        private int rotate_speed ;
        public GameObject meObj;
        public static int playerArea{ set; get;}//玩家所在区域，从左到右，上到下，从1到9
        public  static Vector3 PlayerCurrentPos{set; get;} 
        private Rigidbody rb;

        /*public static Vector3 getPlayerCurrentPos(){
        return meObj.transform.position;

        }*/
            /*public userGUI getUSERGUI(){
            if (_userGUI == null) {
                _userGUI = new userGUI ();
                return _userGUI;
            }
            return _userGUI;
        }*/

        // Use this for initialization
        void Start () {
            player_speed = 10;
            rotate_speed = 180;
            rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody> ();
        }

        // Update is called once per frame
        void Update () {

            PlayerCurrentPos = meObj.transform.position;

            //获取方向键的偏移量
            float translationX = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
            float translationZ = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");

            //移动和旋转
            meObj.gameObject.transform.Translate(0, 0, translationZ * player_speed * Time.deltaTime);
            meObj.gameObject.transform.Rotate(0, translationX * rotate_speed * Time.deltaTime, 0);
            //事实判断玩家所在区域位置
            float posX=meObj.transform.position.x;
            float posZ = meObj.transform.position.z;
            if (posZ > 5) {
                if (posX < -5) {
                    playerArea = 1;
                } else if (posX < 5) {
                    playerArea = 2;
                } else {
                    playerArea = 3;
                }
            } else if (posZ > -5) {
                if (posX < -5) {
                    playerArea = 4;
                } else if (posX < 5) {
                    playerArea = 5;
                } else {
                    playerArea = 6;
                }

            } else {
                if (posX < -5) {
                    playerArea = 7;
                } else if (posX < 5) {
                    playerArea = 8;
                } else {
                    playerArea = 9;
                }
            }
            //Debug.Log ("player area: " + playerArea);
        }
        void OnCollisionStay(Collision collisionInfo){

        }

        public void OnTriggerEnter(Collider other){//玩家触碰，说明逃脱追捕,触发controller发布消息
            Controller.getController ().playerEscapeSuccess ();
        }

    }

• ChaseAction

public class ChaseAction : SSAction {
    private Vector3 Pos;
    private static ChaseAction action ;

    public static ChaseAction getSSAction(){//避免创造太多chaseAction
        if (action == null) {
            action= ScriptableObject.CreateInstance<ChaseAction> ();
        }
        return action;
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    public override void Update () {
        //Debug.Log ("attract patrol No.: " + this.gameobject.tag);
        //根据isChasePlayer来判断
        if (PatrolFactory.getFactory ().getIsChasePlayer (this.gameobject.tag)) {
            Vector3 playerPos = userGUI.PlayerCurrentPos;
            Vector3 patrolPos = this.gameobject.transform.position;
            this.transform.LookAt (playerPos);
        } else {

        }
    }

}

• CCActionManager:

public class CCActionManager:  SSActionManager,ISSActionCallback {
    public PatrolAction _PatrolAction;
    public ChaseAction _ChaseAction;

    public void DoPatrolAction(MyPatrol _MyPatrol){
        _PatrolAction = PatrolAction.getSSAction ();
        //Debug.Log("CCActionManager: MyPatrol obj: "+_MyPatrol.PatrolObj);

        this.RunAction (_MyPatrol.PatrolObj, _PatrolAction, this);
    }
    public void DoChaseAction(MyPatrol _MyPatrol){
        _ChaseAction = ChaseAction.getSSAction ();
        this.RunAction (_MyPatrol.PatrolObj, _ChaseAction, this);
    }
    public void SSActionEvent(SSAction source, SSActionEventType events = SSActionEventType.Competeted,  
        int intParam = 0, string strParam = null, Object objectParam = null)  {
    }
}

• PatrolBehaviour

public class PatrolBehaviour : MonoBehaviour {
    public void OnCollisionStay(Collision collisionInfo){//scriptableObject无法使用这个方法
        if (collisionInfo.gameObject.CompareTag ("Player")) {//抓到玩家，触发Controller的事件
            Controller.getController ().playerCaught ();
            collisionInfo.gameObject.GetComponent<Animator> ().SetBool ("isGameOver", true);
        } else if( !collisionInfo.gameObject.CompareTag ("Plane")){//撞到墙,转向90度
            this.gameObject.transform.Rotate(0, 10 ,0);
        }
    }
    public void OnTriggerStay(Collider other){
        //Debug.Log ("OnTriggerStay");
        this.gameObject.transform.Rotate(0, 10 ,0);//避免出界
    }
}