Internet Protocols-1.5 protocol layers, service models

1.5 protocol layers, service models

Protocol “layers”

• hosts
• routers
• links of various media
• applications
• protocols
• hardware, software

Layers: each layer implements a service
▪ via its own internal-layer actions
▪ relying on services provided by layer below

分层的结果：每层实现一个服务。服务通过内层的行动来实现，同时依赖着下一层提供的服务。

1.5.1 Why layering?

dealing with complex systems:
▪ explicit structure allows identification, relationship of complex system’s pieces

• layered reference model for discussion

▪ modularization eases maintenance, updating of system

• change of implementation of layer’s service transparent to rest of system
• e.g., change in gate procedure doesn’t affect rest of system

▪ layering considered harmful?

1.5.2 TCP/IP model (internet model)

TCP/IP传输协议，即传输控制/网络协议，它是在网络的使用中的最基本的通信协议。TCP/IP传输协议对互联网中各部分进行通信的标准和方法进行了规定。并且，TCP/IP传输协议是保证网络数据信息及时、完整传输的两个重要的协议。