Theme elements: Axis

主题：axis

基本知识点

Element	Setter	Desceription
axis.line	element_line()	line parallel to axis (hidden in default themes)
axis.text	element_text()	tick labels
axis.text.x	element_text()	x-axis tick labels
axis.text.y	element_text()	y-axis tick labels
axis.title	element_text()	axis titles
axis.title.x	element_text()	x-axis title
axis.title.y	element_text()	y-axis title
axis.ticks	element_line()	axis tick marks
axis.ticks.length	unit()	length of tick marks

实践绘图

element_text():文字属性，如color、size等。
element_line():线条属性，如linetype, size等。

df <- data.frame(x = 1:100, y = sample(c(1:100),100))
base <- ggplot(df, aes(x, y)) + geom_point()
base

base + 
  ylab("This is y axis title")+
  xlab("This is x axis title")+
  theme(
    axis.text.x = element_text(color = "blue", size = 12),
    axis.text.y = element_text(colour = "red", size = 16),
    axis.title.x = element_text(face = "bold", colour = "red", size = 12),
    axis.title.y = element_text(face = "italic", colour = "green", size = 16),
    axis.line = element_line(colour = "blue", size = 4, linetype = 3),
    axis.ticks.length = unit(0.4,"in"),
    axis.ticks = element_line(colour = "purple", size = 2, linetype = 3)
  )

x axis 角度（angle） 在科研绘图时经常用到，这里参考官方文件推荐设置方式，负角度

The most common adjustment is to rotate the x-axis labels to avoid long overlapping labels. If you do this, note negative angles tend to look best and you should set hjust = 0 and vjust = 1

base + 
  theme(
    axis.text.x = element_text(color = "blue", size = 12, angle = -45, hjust = 0, vjust = 1)
  )

小结

1、设置的对象是字体，就是element_text()
2、设置的对象是线条，就是element_line()
3、注意tick label 和title的区别