罗尔（Rolle）定理

罗尔（Rolle）定理

在微积分中，罗尔（Rolle）定理是非常重要的一个定理，有许多应用。但是，这种存在性证明却很不容易。可是，转到无穷小微积分，引进超实数，其证明就容易多了。

罗尔定理的正规表述如下：

If a real-valuedfunction f is continuous on a proper closed interval [a,b],differentiable on the open interval (a,b),and f(a)= f(b), then there exists at least one cin the open interval (a,b) such that

 f’(c) = 0

Thisversion of Rolle's theorem is used to prove the mean value theorem, of which Rolle's theorem is indeed aspecial case. It is also the basis for the proof of Taylor's theorem.

罗尔定理发现的历史如下：

Indian mathematician Bhāskara II(1114–1185) is credited with knowledge of Rolle's theorem. Although the theorem is namedafter Michel Rolle,Rolle's 1691 proof covered only the case of polynomial functions. His proof didnot use the methods of differential calculus, which at that point in his lifehe considered to be fallacious. The theorem was first proved by Cauchy in 1823as a corollary of a proof of the mean value theorem. The name "Rolle's theorem" wasfirst used by Moritz Wilhelm Drobisch of Germany in 1834 and by Giusto Bellavitisof Italy in 1846.

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^{袁萌  12月5日}