opencv学习三种常用方法访问操作图像像素

#include"stdafx.h"
#include <opencv2/core/utility.hpp>
#include "opencv2/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgcodecs.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"
#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

void colorReduce_point(Mat &, Mat &, int);
void colorReduce_iterator(Mat &, Mat &, int);
void colorReduce_dynamic(Mat &, Mat &, int div);
// 定义全局变量


int main() {
	system("color 5E");
	//读取图片
	Mat srcImage = imread("E:\\pictures\\For_Project\\New_opencv\\Sceen\\yj.jpg");
	namedWindow("【原始图像】", 1);
	imshow("【原始图像】", srcImage);
	//创建新的和原图片一样大小的空白图片
	Mat new_Image1 = Mat::zeros(srcImage.size(), srcImage.type());
	Mat new_Image2 = Mat::zeros(srcImage.size(), srcImage.type());
	Mat new_Image3 = Mat::zeros(srcImage.size(), srcImage.type());
	// Mat new_Image;
	// new_Image.create(srcImage.size(),srcImage.type());

	//记录起始时间，开始计时
	double time0 = static_cast<double>(getTickCount());
	//调用指针访问的方法执行颜色空间缩减函数
	colorReduce_point(srcImage, new_Image1, 64);
	//计算运行时间并输出
	time0 = ((double)getTickCount() - time0) / getTickFrequency();
	cout << "指针法该方法运行时间为：" << time0 << "秒" << endl;

	//记录起始时间，开始计时
	double time1 = static_cast<double>(getTickCount());
	//调用指针访问的方法执行颜色空间缩减函数
	colorReduce_iterator(srcImage, new_Image2, 64);
	//计算运行时间并输出
	time1 = ((double)getTickCount() - time1) / getTickFrequency();
	cout << "迭代器该方法运行时间为：" << time1 << "秒" << endl;
	//显示效果图
	imshow("指针法效果图", new_Image1);
	imshow("迭代器法效果图", new_Image2);

	//记录起始时间，开始计时
	double time2 = static_cast<double>(getTickCount());
	//调用指针访问的方法执行颜色空间缩减函数
	colorReduce_dynamic(srcImage, new_Image3, 64);
	//计算运行时间并输出
	time2 = ((double)getTickCount() - time2) / getTickFrequency();
	cout << "迭代器该方法运行时间为：" << time2 << "秒" << endl;
	//显示效果图
	imshow("指针法效果图", new_Image1);
	imshow("迭代器法效果图", new_Image2);
	imshow("动态访问法效果图", new_Image3);
	
	//等待键盘按键‘q’退出
	while (char(waitKey(1)) != 'q') {}
	return 0;
}

//指针访问像素
void colorReduce_point(Mat &inputImage,Mat &outputImage,int div) {
	//参数准备拷贝
	//复制原始图像到临时变量
	outputImage = inputImage.clone();
	//分别得到行数和列数
	int rowsNumber = outputImage.rows;
	int colsNumber = outputImage.cols*outputImage.channels();

	//双重循环，遍历所有的像素值
	for (int i = 0;i < rowsNumber;i++) {
		//获取第i行的首地址
		uchar*data = outputImage.ptr<uchar>(i);
		for (int j = 0;j < colsNumber;j++) {
			//开始执行像素操作
			data[j] = data[j] / div*div + div / 2;
		}
	}
}

//迭代器操作像素
void colorReduce_iterator(Mat &inputImage, Mat &outputImage, int div) {
	//参数准备拷贝
	//复制原始图像到临时变量
	outputImage = inputImage.clone();
	//获取迭代器
	//获取迭代器初始位置
	Mat_<Vec3b>::iterator it = outputImage.begin<Vec3b>();
	//获取迭代器终止位置
	Mat_<Vec3b>::iterator itend = outputImage.end<Vec3b>();

	//存取彩色图像的像素
	for (;it != itend;++it) {
		//进行像素操作
		(*it)[0] = (*it)[0] / div*div + div / 2;
		(*it)[1] = (*it)[1] / div*div + div / 2;
		(*it)[2] = (*it)[2] / div*div + div / 2;
	}
}

void colorReduce_dynamic(Mat &inputImage, Mat &outputImage, int div) {
	//参数准备拷贝
	//复制原始图像到临时变量
	outputImage = inputImage.clone();
	//得到行数和列数
	int rowsNumber = outputImage.rows;
	int colsNumber = outputImage.cols;

	for (int i = 0;i < rowsNumber;i++) {
		for (int j = 0;j < colsNumber;j++) {
			//操作每一个像素值
			//蓝色通道
			outputImage.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[0] = outputImage.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[0] / div*div + div / 2;
			//绿色通道
			outputImage.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[1] = outputImage.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[1] / div*div + div / 2;
			//红色通道
			outputImage.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[2] = outputImage.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[2] / div*div + div / 2;
		}
	}
}