Facade(外观)设计模式

声明：本博文篇幅短，适合review。

一、概念

       为子系统中的一组接口提供一个一致的”界面“，此模式定义了一个高层接口，这个接口使得这一子系统更加容易使用。用户与这个高层接口交互，不用考虑子系统。

二、模式结构图

      

      

class SubSystem1
{
public:
	void Operation(){
		cout<<"子方法 one"<<endl;
	}
};

class SubSystem2
{
public:
	void Operation(){
		cout<<"子方法 two"<<endl;
	}
};

class SubSystem3
{
public:
	void Operation(){
		cout<<"子方法 three"<<endl;
	}
};

class Facade
{
public:
	Facade(){
		this->m_sub1 = new SubSystem1();
		this->m_sub2 = new SubSystem2();
		this->m_sub3 = new SubSystem3();
	}
	~Facade(){
		delete m_sub1;
		delete m_sub2;
		delete m_sub3;
	}

	void OperationA(){
		m_sub1->Operation();
		m_sub2->Operation();
		m_sub3->Operation();
	}

	void OperationB(){
		m_sub2->Operation();
		m_sub3->Operation();
	}

private:
	SubSystem1 * m_sub1;
	SubSystem2 * m_sub2;
	SubSystem3 * m_sub3;
};

void main(){
	Facade * f = new Facade();
	f->OperationA();
	f->OperationB();
}

三、例子

class Light
{
public:
	void open(){
		cout<<"Light Open"<<endl;
	}
	void close(){
		cout<<"Light Close"<<endl;
	}
};

class Television
{
public:
	void open(){
		cout<<"Television Open"<<endl;
	}
	void close(){
		cout<<"Television Close"<<endl;
	}
};

class Fridge
{
public:
	void open(){
		cout<<"Fridge Open"<<endl;
	}
	void close(){
		cout<<"Fridge Close"<<endl;
	}
};

class MainSwitch
{
public:
	MainSwitch(){
		this->mLight = new Light();
		this->mTV = new Television();
		this->mFridge = new Fridge();
	}
	~MainSwitch(){
		delete mLight;
		delete mTV;
		delete mFridge;
	}

	void openAll(){
		mLight->open();
		mTV->open();
		mFridge->open();
	}

	void closeAll(){
		mLight->close();
		mTV->close();
		mFridge->close();
	}

private:
	Light * mLight;
	Television * mTV;
	Fridge * mFridge;
};

void main(){
	MainSwitch * ms = new MainSwitch();
	ms->openAll();
	ms->closeAll();
}

四、优缺点

       1、优点

             a、它对客户屏蔽子系统组件，因而减少了客户处理的对象的数目并使得子系统使用起来更加方便。

             b、降低了子系统与客户之间得耦合。

       2、缺点

             a、不符合开闭原则。增加新的子系统可能需要修改外观类或客户端