YOLOv8 改进之轻量化模型EfficientVit

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-31 21:33:25 发布

暴躁淑女xxm

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-31 21:33:25 发布

阅读量368

点赞数 6

文章标签：笔记 YOLO 目标检测人工智能 python 计算机视觉 pytorch

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2301_80086153/article/details/140471920

版权

在YOLO v8中引入EfficientVit模型用它替换主干网络改进后的模型参数两减少很多，但是精度同样下降很多

1 ultralytics/nn/backbone 目录下新建efficientVit.py文件

# --------------------------------------------------------
# EfficientViT Model Architecture for Downstream Tasks
# Copyright (c) 2022 Microsoft
# Written by: Xinyu Liu
# --------------------------------------------------------
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
import torch.utils.checkpoint as checkpoint
import itertools

from timm.models.layers import SqueezeExcite

import numpy as np
import itertools

__all__ = ['EfficientViT_M0', 'EfficientViT_M1', 'EfficientViT_M2', 'EfficientViT_M3', 'EfficientViT_M4',
           'EfficientViT_M5']


class Conv2d_BN(torch.nn.Sequential):
    def __init__(self, a, b, ks=1, stride=1, pad=0, dilation=1,
                 groups=1, bn_weight_init=1, resolution=-10000):
        super().__init__()
        self.add_module('c', torch.nn.Conv2d(
            a, b, ks, stride, pad, dilation, groups, bias=False))
        self.add_module('bn', torch.nn.BatchNorm2d(b))
        torch.nn.init.constant_(self.bn.weight, bn_weight_init)
        torch.nn.init.constant_(self.bn.bias, 0)

    @torch.no_grad()
    def switch_to_deploy(self):
        c, bn = self._modules.values()
        w = bn.weight / (bn.running_var + bn.eps) ** 0.5
        w = c.weight * w[:, None, None, None]
        b = bn.bias - bn.running_mean * bn.weight / \
            (bn.running_var + bn.eps) ** 0.5
        m = torch.nn.Conv2d(w.size(1) * self.c.groups, w.size(
            0), w.shape[2:], stride=self.c.stride, padding=self.c.padding, dilation=self.c.dilation,
                            groups=self.c.groups)
        m.weight.data.copy_(w)
        m.bias.data.copy_(b)
        return m


def replace_batchnorm(net):
    for child_name, child in net.named_children():
        if hasattr(child, 'fuse'):
            setattr(net, child_name, child.fuse())
        elif isinstance(child, torch.nn.BatchNorm2d):
            setattr(net, child_name, torch.nn.Identity())
        else:
            replace_batchnorm(child)


class PatchMerging(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, dim, out_dim, input_resolution):
        super().__init__()
        hid_dim = int(dim * 4)
        self.conv1 = Conv2d_BN(dim, hid_dim, 1, 1, 0, resolution=input_resolution)
        self.act = torch.nn.ReLU()
        self.conv2 = Conv2d_BN(hid_dim, hid_dim, 3, 2, 1, groups=hid_dim, resolution=input_resolution)
        self.se = SqueezeExcite(hid_dim, .25)
        self.conv3 = Conv2d_BN(hid_dim, out_dim, 1, 1, 0, resolution=input_resolution // 2)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.conv3(self.se(self.act(self.conv2(self.act(self.conv1(x))))))
        return x


class Residual(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, m, drop=0.):
        super().__init__()
        self.m = m
        self.drop = drop

    def forward(self, x):
        if self.training and self.drop > 0:
            return x + self.m(x) * torch.rand(x.size(0), 1, 1, 1,
                                              device=x.device).ge_(self.drop).div(1 - self.drop).detach()
        else:
            return x + self.m(x)


class FFN(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, ed, h, resolution):
        super().__init__()
        self.pw1 = Conv2d_BN(ed, h, resolution=resolution)
        self.act = torch.nn.ReLU()
        self.pw2 = Conv2d_BN(h, ed, bn_weight_init=0, resolution=resolution)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.pw2(self.act(self.pw1(x)))
        return x


class CascadedGroupAttention(torch.nn.Module):
    r""" Cascaded Group Attention.

    Args:
        dim (int): Number of input channels.
        key_dim (int): The dimension for query and key.
        num_heads (int): Number of attention heads.
        attn_ratio (int): Multiplier for the query dim for value dimension.
        resolution (int): Input resolution, correspond to the window size.
        kernels (List[int]): The kernel size of the dw conv on query.
    """

    def __init__(self, dim, key_dim, num_heads=8,
                 attn_ratio=4,
                 resolution=14,
                 kernels=[5, 5, 5, 5], ):
        super().__init__()
        self.num_heads = num_heads
        self.scale = key_dim ** -0.5
        self.key_dim = key_dim
        self.d = int(attn_ratio * key_dim)
        self.attn_ratio = attn_ratio

        qkvs = []
        dws = []
        for i in range(num_heads):
            qkvs.append(Conv2d_BN(dim // (num_heads), self.key_dim * 2 + self.d, resolution=resolution))
            dws.append(Conv2d_BN(self.key_dim, self.key_dim, kernels[i], 1, kernels[i] // 2, groups=self.key_dim,
                                 resolution=resolution))
        self.qkvs = torch.nn.ModuleList(qkvs)
        self.dws = torch.nn.ModuleList(dws)
        self.proj = torch.nn.Sequential(torch.nn.ReLU(), Conv2d_BN(
            self.d * num_heads, dim, bn_weight_init=0, resolution=resolution))

        points = list(itertools.product(range(resolution), range(resolution)))
        N = len(points)
        attention_offsets = {}
        idxs = []
        for p1 in points:
            for p2 in points:
                offset = (abs(p1[0] - p2[0]), abs(p1[1] - p2[1]))
                if offset not in attention_offsets:
                    attention_offsets[offset] = len(attention_offsets)
                idxs.append(attention_offsets[offset])
        self.attention_biases = torch.nn.Parameter(
            torch.zeros(num_heads, len(attention_offsets)))
        self.register_buffer('attention_bias_idxs',
                             torch.LongTensor(idxs).view(N, N))

    @torch.no_grad()
    def train(self, mode=True):
        super().train(mode)
        if mode and hasattr(self, 'ab'):
            del self.ab
        else:
            self.ab = self.attention_biases[:, self.attention_bias_idxs]

    def forward(self, x):  # x (B,C,H,W)
        B, C, H, W = x.shape
        trainingab = self.attention_biases[:, self.attention_bias_idxs]
        feats_in = x.chunk(len(self.qkvs), dim=1)
        feats_out = []
        feat = feats_in[0]
        for i, qkv in enumerate(self.qkvs):
            if i > 0:  # add the previous output to the input
                feat = feat + feats_in[i]
            feat = qkv(feat)
            q, k, v = feat.view(B, -1, H, W).split([self.key_dim, self.key_dim, self.d], dim=1)  # B, C/h, H, W
            q = self.dws[i](q)
            q, k, v = q.flatten(2), k.flatten(2), v.flatten(2)  # B, C/h, N
            attn = (
                    (q.transpose(-2, -1) @ k) * self.scale
                    +
                    (trainingab[i] if self.training else self.ab[i])
            )
            attn = attn.softmax(dim=-1)  # BNN
            feat = (v @ attn.transpose(-2, -1)).view(B, self.d, H, W)  # BCHW
            feats_out.append(feat)
        x = self.proj(torch.cat(feats_out, 1))
        return x


class LocalWindowAttention(torch.nn.Module):
    r""" Local Window Attention.

    Args:
        dim (int): Number of input channels.
        key_dim (int): The dimension for query and key.
        num_heads (int): Number of attention heads.
        attn_ratio (int): Multiplier for the query dim for value dimension.
        resolution (int): Input resolution.
        window_resolution (int): Local window resolution.
        kernels (List[int]): The kernel size of the dw conv on query.
    """

    def __init__(self, dim, key_dim, num_heads=8,
                 attn_ratio=4,
                 resolution=14,
                 window_resolution=7,
                 kernels=[5, 5, 5, 5], ):
        super().__init__()
        self.dim = dim
        self.num_heads = num_heads
        self.resolution = resolution
        assert window_resolution > 0, 'window_size must be greater than 0'
        self.window_resolution = window_resolution

        self.attn = CascadedGroupAttention(dim, key_dim, num_heads,
                                           attn_ratio=attn_ratio,
                                           resolution=window_resolution,
                                           kernels=kernels, )

    def forward(self, x):
        B, C, H, W = x.shape

        if H <= self.window_resolution and W <= self.window_resolution:
            x = self.attn(x)
        else:
            x = x.permute(0, 2, 3, 1)
            pad_b = (self.window_resolution - H %
                     self.window_resolution) % self.window_resolution
            pad_r = (self.window_resolution - W %
                     self.window_resolution) % self.window_resolution
            padding = pad_b > 0 or pad_r > 0

            if padding:
                x = torch.nn.functional.pad(x, (0, 0, 0, pad_r, 0, pad_b))

            pH, pW = H + pad_b, W + pad_r
            nH = pH // self.window_resolution
            nW = pW // self.window_resolution
            # window partition, BHWC -> B(nHh)(nWw)C -> BnHnWhwC -> (BnHnW)hwC -> (BnHnW)Chw
            x = x.view(B, nH, self.window_resolution, nW, self.window_resolution, C).transpose(2, 3).reshape(
                B * nH * nW, self.window_resolution, self.window_resolution, C
            ).permute(0, 3, 1, 2)
            x = self.attn(x)
            # window reverse, (BnHnW)Chw -> (BnHnW)hwC -> BnHnWhwC -> B(nHh)(nWw)C -> BHWC
            x = x.permute(0, 2, 3, 1).view(B, nH, nW, self.window_resolution, self.window_resolution,
                                           C).transpose(2, 3).reshape(B, pH, pW, C)

            if padding:
                x = x[:, :H, :W].contiguous()

            x = x.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

        return x


class EfficientViTBlock(torch.nn.Module):
    """ A basic EfficientViT building block.

    Args:
        type (str): Type for token mixer. Default: 's' for self-attention.
        ed (int): Number of input channels.
        kd (int): Dimension for query and key in the token mixer.
        nh (int): Number of attention heads.
        ar (int): Multiplier for the query dim for value dimension.
        resolution (int): Input resolution.
        window_resolution (int): Local window resolution.
        kernels (List[int]): The kernel size of the dw conv on query.
    """

    def __init__(self, type,
                 ed, kd, nh=8,
                 ar=4,
                 resolution=14,
                 window_resolution=7,
                 kernels=[5, 5, 5, 5], ):
        super().__init__()

        self.dw0 = Residual(Conv2d_BN(ed, ed, 3, 1, 1, groups=ed, bn_weight_init=0., resolution=resolution))
        self.ffn0 = Residual(FFN(ed, int(ed * 2), resolution))

        if type == 's':
            self.mixer = Residual(LocalWindowAttention(ed, kd, nh, attn_ratio=ar, \
                                                       resolution=resolution, window_resolution=window_resolution,
                                                       kernels=kernels))

        self.dw1 = Residual(Conv2d_BN(ed, ed, 3, 1, 1, groups=ed, bn_weight_init=0., resolution=resolution))
        self.ffn1 = Residual(FFN(ed, int(ed * 2), resolution))

    def forward(self, x):
        return self.ffn1(self.dw1(self.mixer(self.ffn0(self.dw0(x)))))


class EfficientViT(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, img_size=400,
                 patch_size=16,
                 frozen_stages=0,
                 in_chans=3,
                 stages=['s', 's', 's'],
                 embed_dim=[64, 128, 192],
                 key_dim=[16, 16, 16],
                 depth=[1, 2, 3],
                 num_heads=[4, 4, 4],
                 window_size=[7, 7, 7],
                 kernels=[5, 5, 5, 5],
                 down_ops=[['subsample', 2], ['subsample', 2], ['']],
                 pretrained=None,
                 distillation=False, ):
        super().__init__()

        resolution = img_size
        self.patch_embed = torch.nn.Sequential(Conv2d_BN(in_chans, embed_dim[0] // 8, 3, 2, 1, resolution=resolution),
                                               torch.nn.ReLU(),
                                               Conv2d_BN(embed_dim[0] // 8, embed_dim[0] // 4, 3, 2, 1,
                                                         resolution=resolution // 2), torch.nn.ReLU(),
                                               Conv2d_BN(embed_dim[0] // 4, embed_dim[0] // 2, 3, 2, 1,
                                                         resolution=resolution // 4), torch.nn.ReLU(),
                                               Conv2d_BN(embed_dim[0] // 2, embed_dim[0], 3, 1, 1,
                                                         resolution=resolution // 8))

        resolution = img_size // patch_size
        attn_ratio = [embed_dim[i] / (key_dim[i] * num_heads[i]) for i in range(len(embed_dim))]
        self.blocks1 = []
        self.blocks2 = []
        self.blocks3 = []
        for i, (stg, ed, kd, dpth, nh, ar, wd, do) in enumerate(
                zip(stages, embed_dim, key_dim, depth, num_heads, attn_ratio, window_size, down_ops)):
            for d in range(dpth):
                eval('self.blocks' + str(i + 1)).append(EfficientViTBlock(stg, ed, kd, nh, ar, resolution, wd, kernels))
            if do[0] == 'subsample':
                # ('Subsample' stride)
                blk = eval('self.blocks' + str(i + 2))
                resolution_ = (resolution - 1) // do[1] + 1
                blk.append(torch.nn.Sequential(Residual(
                    Conv2d_BN(embed_dim[i], embed_dim[i], 3, 1, 1, groups=embed_dim[i], resolution=resolution)),
                                               Residual(FFN(embed_dim[i], int(embed_dim[i] * 2), resolution)), ))
                blk.append(PatchMerging(*embed_dim[i:i + 2], resolution))
                resolution = resolution_
                blk.append(torch.nn.Sequential(Residual(
                    Conv2d_BN(embed_dim[i + 1], embed_dim[i + 1], 3, 1, 1, groups=embed_dim[i + 1],
                              resolution=resolution)),
                                               Residual(
                                                   FFN(embed_dim[i + 1], int(embed_dim[i + 1] * 2), resolution)), ))
        self.blocks1 = torch.nn.Sequential(*self.blocks1)
        self.blocks2 = torch.nn.Sequential(*self.blocks2)
        self.blocks3 = torch.nn.Sequential(*self.blocks3)

        self.channel = [i.size(1) for i in self.forward(torch.randn(1, 3, 640, 640))]

    def forward(self, x):
        outs = []
        x = self.patch_embed(x)
        x = self.blocks1(x)
        outs.append(x)
        x = self.blocks2(x)
        outs.append(x)
        x = self.blocks3(x)
        outs.append(x)
        return outs


EfficientViT_m0 = {
    'img_size': 224,
    'patch_size': 16,
    'embed_dim': [64, 128, 192],
    'depth': [1, 2, 3],
    'num_heads': [4, 4, 4],
    'window_size': [7, 7, 7],
    'kernels': [7, 5, 3, 3],
}

EfficientViT_m1 = {
    'img_size': 224,
    'patch_size': 16,
    'embed_dim': [128, 144, 192],
    'depth': [1, 2, 3],
    'num_heads': [2, 3, 3],
    'window_size': [7, 7, 7],
    'kernels': [7, 5, 3, 3],
}

EfficientViT_m2 = {
    'img_size': 224,
    'patch_size': 16,
    'embed_dim': [128, 192, 224],
    'depth': [1, 2, 3],
    'num_heads': [4, 3, 2],
    'window_size': [7, 7, 7],
    'kernels': [7, 5, 3, 3],
}

EfficientViT_m3 = {
    'img_size': 224,
    'patch_size': 16,
    'embed_dim': [128, 240, 320],
    'depth': [1, 2, 3],
    'num_heads': [4, 3, 4],
    'window_size': [7, 7, 7],
    'kernels': [5, 5, 5, 5],
}

EfficientViT_m4 = {
    'img_size': 224,
    'patch_size': 16,
    'embed_dim': [128, 256, 384],
    'depth': [1, 2, 3],
    'num_heads': [4, 4, 4],
    'window_size': [7, 7, 7],
    'kernels': [7, 5, 3, 3],
}

EfficientViT_m5 = {
    'img_size': 224,
    'patch_size': 16,
    'embed_dim': [192, 288, 384],
    'depth': [1, 3, 4],
    'num_heads': [3, 3, 4],
    'window_size': [7, 7, 7],
    'kernels': [7, 5, 3, 3],
}


def EfficientViT_M0(pretrained='', frozen_stages=0, distillation=False, fuse=False, pretrained_cfg=None,
                    model_cfg=EfficientViT_m0):
    model = EfficientViT(frozen_stages=frozen_stages, distillation=distillation, pretrained=pretrained, **model_cfg)
    if pretrained:
        model.load_state_dict(update_weight(model.state_dict(), torch.load(pretrained)['model']))
    if fuse:
        replace_batchnorm(model)
    return model


def EfficientViT_M1(pretrained='', frozen_stages=0, distillation=False, fuse=False, pretrained_cfg=None,
                    model_cfg=EfficientViT_m1):
    model = EfficientViT(frozen_stages=frozen_stages, distillation=distillation, pretrained=pretrained, **model_cfg)
    if pretrained:
        model.load_state_dict(update_weight(model.state_dict(), torch.load(pretrained)['model']))
    if fuse:
        replace_batchnorm(model)
    return model


def EfficientViT_M2(pretrained='', frozen_stages=0, distillation=False, fuse=False, pretrained_cfg=None,
                    model_cfg=EfficientViT_m2):
    model = EfficientViT(frozen_stages=frozen_stages, distillation=distillation, pretrained=pretrained, **model_cfg)
    if pretrained:
        model.load_state_dict(update_weight(model.state_dict(), torch.load(pretrained)['model']))
    if fuse:
        replace_batchnorm(model)
    return model


def EfficientViT_M3(pretrained='', frozen_stages=0, distillation=False, fuse=False, pretrained_cfg=None,
                    model_cfg=EfficientViT_m3):
    model = EfficientViT(frozen_stages=frozen_stages, distillation=distillation, pretrained=pretrained, **model_cfg)
    if pretrained:
        model.load_state_dict(update_weight(model.state_dict(), torch.load(pretrained)['model']))
    if fuse:
        replace_batchnorm(model)
    return model


def EfficientViT_M4(pretrained='', frozen_stages=0, distillation=False, fuse=False, pretrained_cfg=None,
                    model_cfg=EfficientViT_m4):
    model = EfficientViT(frozen_stages=frozen_stages, distillation=distillation, pretrained=pretrained, **model_cfg)
    if pretrained:
        model.load_state_dict(update_weight(model.state_dict(), torch.load(pretrained)['model']))
    if fuse:
        replace_batchnorm(model)
    return model


def EfficientViT_M5(pretrained='', frozen_stages=0, distillation=False, fuse=False, pretrained_cfg=None,
                    model_cfg=EfficientViT_m5):
    model = EfficientViT(frozen_stages=frozen_stages, distillation=distillation, pretrained=pretrained, **model_cfg)
    if pretrained:
        model.load_state_dict(update_weight(model.state_dict(), torch.load(pretrained)['model']))
    if fuse:
        replace_batchnorm(model)
    return model


def update_weight(model_dict, weight_dict):
    idx, temp_dict = 0, {}
    for k, v in weight_dict.items():
        # k = k[9:]
        if k in model_dict.keys() and np.shape(model_dict[k]) == np.shape(v):
            temp_dict[k] = v
            idx += 1
    model_dict.update(temp_dict)
    print(f'loading weights... {idx}/{len(model_dict)} items')
    return model_dict


if __name__ == '__main__':
    model = EfficientViT_M0('efficientvit_m0.pth')
    inputs = torch.randn((1, 3, 640, 640))
    res = model(inputs)
    for i in res:
        print(i.size())

2 在ultralytics/nn/tasks.py中引入

# 主干网络
from ultralytics.nn.backbone.efficientVit import *

3 在ultralytics/nn/tasks.py 中的 parse_model函数中进行加入

 elif m in {EfficientViT_M0, EfficientViT_M1, EfficientViT_M2, EfficientViT_M3, EfficientViT_M4, EfficientViT_M5}:
            m = m(*args)
            c2 = m.channel
        else:
            c2 = ch[f]

4 在ultralytics/nn/tasks.py 中的 parse_model函数中修改

is_backbone = False
    for i, (f, n, m, args) in enumerate(d['backbone'] + d['head']):  # from, number, module, args
        try:
            if m == 'node_mode':
                m = d[m]
                if len(args) > 0:
                    if args[0] == 'head_channel':
                        args[0] = int(d[args[0]])
            t = m
            m = getattr(torch.nn, m[3:]) if 'nn.' in m else globals()[m]  # get module
        except:
            pass
        for j, a in enumerate(args):
            if isinstance(a, str):
                with contextlib.suppress(ValueError):
                    try:
                        args[j] = locals()[a] if a in locals() else ast.literal_eval(a)
                    except:
                        args[j] = a

        if isinstance(c2, list):
            is_backbone = True
            m_ = m
            m_.backbone = True
        else:
            m_ = nn.Sequential(*(m(*args) for _ in range(n))) if n > 1 else m(*args)  # module
            t = str(m)[8:-2].replace('__main__.', '')  # module type
        m.np = sum(x.numel() for x in m_.parameters())  # number params
        m_.i, m_.f, m_.type = i + 4 if is_backbone else i, f, t  # attach index, 'from' index, type
        if verbose:
            LOGGER.info(f'{i:>3}{str(f):>20}{n_:>3}{m.np:10.0f}  {t:<45}{str(args):<30}')  # print
        save.extend(x % (i + 4 if is_backbone else i) for x in ([f] if isinstance(f, int) else f) if
                    x != -1)  # append to savelist
        layers.append(m_)

 if i == 0:
            ch = []
        if isinstance(c2, list):
            ch.extend(c2)
            for _ in range(5 - len(ch)):
                ch.insert(0, 0)
        else:
            ch.append(c2)
    return nn.Sequential(*layers), sorted(save)

5 修改ultralytics/nn/tasks.py中的BaseModel类中的_predict_once函数

    def _predict_once(self,x, profile=False,visualize=False):
        """
        Perform a forward pass through the network.
_predict_once
        Args:
            x (torch.Tensor): The input tensor to the model.
            profile (bool):  Print the computation time of each layer if True, defaults to False.
            visualize (bool): Save the feature maps of the model if True, defaults to False.

        Returns:
            (torch.Tensor): The last output of the model.
        """
        y, dt = [], []  # outputs
        for m in self.model:
            if m.f != -1:  # if not from previous layer
                x = y[m.f] if isinstance(m.f, int) else [x if j == -1 else y[j] for j in m.f]  # from earlier layers
            if profile:
                self._profile_one_layer(m, x, dt)
            if hasattr(m, 'backbone'):
                x = m(x)
                for _ in range(5 - len(x)):
                    x.insert(0, None)
                for i_idx, i in enumerate(x):
                    if i_idx in self.save:
                        y.append(i)
                    else:
                        y.append(None)
                # for i in x:
                #     if i is not None:
                #         print(i.size())
                x = x[-1]
            else:
                x = m(x)  # run
                y.append(x if m.i in self.save else None)  # save output
            if visualize:
                feature_visualization(x, m.type, m.i, save_dir=visualize)
        return x

6 修改yaml文件替换骨干网络