第P4周:猴痘病识别

• 🍨 本文为🔗365天深度学习训练营 中的学习记录博客

• 🍦 参考文章：Pytorch实战 | 第P4周：猴痘病识别
• 🍖 原作者：K同学啊 | 接辅导、项目定制
• 🚀 文章来源：K同学的学习圈子

一、前期准备

1.设置GPU

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
import torchvision
from torchvision import transforms, datasets

import os,PIL,pathlib

device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")

device

device(type=‘cuda’)

2.导入数据

import os,PIL,random,pathlib

data_dir = './P4/'
data_dir = pathlib.Path(data_dir)

data_paths = list(data_dir.glob('*'))
classeNames = [str(path).split("\\")[1] for path in data_paths]
classeNames

[‘Monkeypox’, ‘Others’]

total_datadir = './P4/'

# 关于transforms.Compose的更多介绍可以参考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38251616/article/details/124878863
train_transforms = transforms.Compose([
    transforms.Resize([224, 224]),  # 将输入图片resize成统一尺寸
    transforms.ToTensor(),          # 将PIL Image或numpy.ndarray转换为tensor，并归一化到[0,1]之间
    transforms.Normalize(           # 标准化处理-->转换为标准正太分布（高斯分布），使模型更容易收敛
        mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406], 
        std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])  # 其中 mean=[0.485,0.456,0.406]与std=[0.229,0.224,0.225] 从数据集中随机抽样计算得到的。
])

total_data = datasets.ImageFolder(total_datadir,transform=train_transforms)
total_data**加粗样式**

Dataset ImageFolder
Number of datapoints: 2142
Root location: ./P4/
StandardTransform
Transform: Compose(
Resize(size=[224, 224], interpolation=bilinear, max_size=None, antialias=warn)
ToTensor()
Normalize(mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406], std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
)

total_data.class_to_idx

{‘Monkeypox’: 0, ‘Others’: 1}

3.划分数据集

train_size = int(0.8 * len(total_data))
test_size  = len(total_data) - train_size
train_dataset, test_dataset = torch.utils.data.random_split(total_data, [train_size, test_size])
train_dataset, test_dataset

(<torch.utils.data.dataset.Subset at 0x16dac6e3fd0>,
<torch.utils.data.dataset.Subset at 0x16dac6e3e50>)

train_size,test_size

(1713, 429)

batch_size = 32

train_dl = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(train_dataset,
                                           batch_size=batch_size,
                                           shuffle=True,
                                           num_workers=1)
test_dl = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(test_dataset,
                                          batch_size=batch_size,
                                          shuffle=True,
                                          num_workers=1)

for X, y in test_dl:
    print("Shape of X [N, C, H, W]: ", X.shape)
    print("Shape of y: ", y.shape, y.dtype)
    break

Shape of X [N, C, H, W]: torch.Size([32, 3, 224, 224])
Shape of y: torch.Size([32]) torch.int64

二、构建简单的CNN网络

import torch.nn.functional as F

class Network_bn(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Network_bn, self).__init__()
        """
        nn.Conv2d()函数：
        第一个参数（in_channels）是输入的channel数量
        第二个参数（out_channels）是输出的channel数量
        第三个参数（kernel_size）是卷积核大小
        第四个参数（stride）是步长，默认为1
        第五个参数（padding）是填充大小，默认为0
        """
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels=3, out_channels=12, kernel_size=5, stride=1, padding=0)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(12)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels=12, out_channels=12, kernel_size=5, stride=1, padding=0)
        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(12)
        self.pool = nn.MaxPool2d(2,2)
        self.conv4 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels=12, out_channels=24, kernel_size=5, stride=1, padding=0)
        self.bn4 = nn.BatchNorm2d(24)
        self.conv5 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels=24, out_channels=24, kernel_size=5, stride=1, padding=0)
        self.bn5 = nn.BatchNorm2d(24)
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(24*50*50, len(classeNames))

    def forward(self, x):
        x = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))      
        x = F.relu(self.bn2(self.conv2(x)))     
        x = self.pool(x)                        
        x = F.relu(self.bn4(self.conv4(x)))     
        x = F.relu(self.bn5(self.conv5(x)))  
        x = self.pool(x)                        
        x = x.view(-1, 24*50*50)
        x = self.fc1(x)

        return x

device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
print("Using {} device".format(device))

model = Network_bn().to(device)
model

Using cuda device

Network_bn(
(conv1): Conv2d(3, 12, kernel_size=(5, 5), stride=(1, 1))
(bn1): BatchNorm2d(12, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
(conv2): Conv2d(12, 12, kernel_size=(5, 5), stride=(1, 1))
(bn2): BatchNorm2d(12, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
(pool): MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0, dilation=1, ceil_mode=False)
(conv4): Conv2d(12, 24, kernel_size=(5, 5), stride=(1, 1))
(bn4): BatchNorm2d(24, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
(conv5): Conv2d(24, 24, kernel_size=(5, 5), stride=(1, 1))
(bn5): BatchNorm2d(24, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
(fc1): Linear(in_features=60000, out_features=2, bias=True)
)

三、训练模型

1。设置超参数

loss_fn    = nn.CrossEntropyLoss() # 创建损失函数
learn_rate = 1e-4 # 学习率
opt        = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(),lr=learn_rate)

2.编写训练函数

训练循环

def train(dataloader, model, loss_fn, optimizer):
size = len(dataloader.dataset) # 训练集的大小，一共60000张图片
num_batches = len(dataloader) # 批次数目，1875（60000/32）

train_loss, train_acc = 0, 0  # 初始化训练损失和正确率

for X, y in dataloader:  # 获取图片及其标签
    X, y = X.to(device), y.to(device)
    
    # 计算预测误差
    pred = model(X)          # 网络输出
    loss = loss_fn(pred, y)  # 计算网络输出和真实值之间的差距，targets为真实值，计算二者差值即为损失
    
    # 反向传播
    optimizer.zero_grad()  # grad属性归零
    loss.backward()        # 反向传播
    optimizer.step()       # 每一步自动更新
    
    # 记录acc与loss
    train_acc  += (pred.argmax(1) == y).type(torch.float).sum().item()
    train_loss += loss.item()
        
train_acc  /= siz
train_loss /= num_batches

return train_acc, train_loss

3.编写测试函数

def test (dataloader, model, loss_fn):
    size        = len(dataloader.dataset)  # 测试集的大小，一共10000张图片
    num_batches = len(dataloader)          # 批次数目，313（10000/32=312.5，向上取整）
    test_loss, test_acc = 0, 0
    
    # 当不进行训练时，停止梯度更新，节省计算内存消耗
    with torch.no_grad():
        for imgs, target in dataloader:
            imgs, target = imgs.to(device), target.to(device)
            
            # 计算loss
            target_pred = model(imgs)
            loss        = loss_fn(target_pred, target)
            
            test_loss += loss.item()
            test_acc  += (target_pred.argmax(1) == target).type(torch.float).sum().item()

    test_acc  /= size
    test_loss /= num_batches

    return test_acc, test_loss

4.正式训练

epochs     = 20
train_loss = []
train_acc  = []
test_loss  = []
test_acc   = []

for epoch in range(epochs):
    model.train()
    epoch_train_acc, epoch_train_loss = train(train_dl, model, loss_fn, opt)
    
    model.eval()
    epoch_test_acc, epoch_test_loss = test(test_dl, model, loss_fn)
    
    train_acc.append(epoch_train_acc)
    train_loss.append(epoch_train_loss)
    test_acc.append(epoch_test_acc)
    test_loss.append(epoch_test_loss)
    
    template = ('Epoch:{:2d}, Train_acc:{:.1f}%, Train_loss:{:.3f}, Test_acc:{:.1f}%，Test_loss:{:.3f}')
    print(template.format(epoch+1, epoch_train_acc*100, epoch_train_loss, epoch_test_acc*100, epoch_test_loss))
print('Done')

Epoch: 1, Train_acc:60.8%, Train_loss:0.655, Test_acc:60.6%，Test_loss:0.668
Epoch: 2, Train_acc:70.2%, Train_loss:0.575, Test_acc:72.7%，Test_loss:0.560
Epoch: 3, Train_acc:74.5%, Train_loss:0.527, Test_acc:71.3%，Test_loss:0.549
Epoch: 4, Train_acc:78.4%, Train_loss:0.483, Test_acc:73.4%，Test_loss:0.519
Epoch: 5, Train_acc:81.1%, Train_loss:0.448, Test_acc:74.4%，Test_loss:0.536
Epoch: 6, Train_acc:82.4%, Train_loss:0.424, Test_acc:76.2%，Test_loss:0.480
Epoch: 7, Train_acc:84.6%, Train_loss:0.402, Test_acc:78.3%，Test_loss:0.474
Epoch: 8, Train_acc:83.9%, Train_loss:0.390, Test_acc:78.3%，Test_loss:0.455
Epoch: 9, Train_acc:85.5%, Train_loss:0.372, Test_acc:78.8%，Test_loss:0.444
Epoch:10, Train_acc:86.5%, Train_loss:0.359, Test_acc:78.8%，Test_loss:0.440
Epoch:11, Train_acc:88.1%, Train_loss:0.345, Test_acc:81.4%，Test_loss:0.420
Epoch:12, Train_acc:88.7%, Train_loss:0.329, Test_acc:81.1%，Test_loss:0.423
Epoch:13, Train_acc:89.3%, Train_loss:0.320, Test_acc:79.5%，Test_loss:0.405
Epoch:14, Train_acc:90.3%, Train_loss:0.304, Test_acc:81.4%，Test_loss:0.404
Epoch:15, Train_acc:90.3%, Train_loss:0.296, Test_acc:80.9%，Test_loss:0.394
Epoch:16, Train_acc:91.6%, Train_loss:0.283, Test_acc:81.4%，Test_loss:0.404
Epoch:17, Train_acc:92.5%, Train_loss:0.271, Test_acc:82.3%，Test_loss:0.389
Epoch:18, Train_acc:91.4%, Train_loss:0.271, Test_acc:83.0%，Test_loss:0.382
Epoch:19, Train_acc:92.6%, Train_loss:0.260, Test_acc:83.7%，Test_loss:0.381
Epoch:20, Train_acc:92.1%, Train_loss:0.260, Test_acc:82.3%，Test_loss:0.396
Done

四、结果可视化

1.Loss与Accurracy图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#隐藏警告
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")               #忽略警告信息
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']    = ['SimHei'] # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False      # 用来正常显示负号
plt.rcParams['figure.dpi']         = 100        #分辨率

epochs_range = range(epochs)

plt.figure(figsize=(12, 3))
plt.subplot(1, 2, 1)

plt.plot(epochs_range, train_acc, label='Training Accuracy')
plt.plot(epochs_range, test_acc, label='Test Accuracy')
plt.legend(loc='lower right')
plt.title('Training and Validation Accuracy')

plt.subplot(1, 2, 2)
plt.plot(epochs_range, train_loss, label='Training Loss')
plt.plot(epochs_range, test_loss, label='Test Loss')
plt.legend(loc='upper right')
plt.title('Training and Validation Loss')
plt.show()

2.指定图片进行预测

>>> x = torch.zeros(2, 1, 2, 1, 2)
>>> x.size()
torch.Size([2, 1, 2, 1, 2])
>>> y = torch.squeeze(x)
>>> y.size()
torch.Size([2, 2, 2])
>>> y = torch.squeeze(x, 0)
>>> y.size()
torch.Size([2, 1, 2, 1, 2])
>>> y = torch.squeeze(x, 1)
>>> y.size()
torch.Size([2, 2, 1, 2])

>>> x = torch.tensor([1, 2, 3, 4])
>>> torch.unsqueeze(x, 0)
tensor([[ 1,  2,  3,  4]])
>>> torch.unsqueeze(x, 1)
tensor([[ 1],
        [ 2],
        [ 3],
        [ 4]])

>>> x = torch.tensor([1, 2, 3, 4])
>>> torch.unsqueeze(x, 0)
tensor([[ 1,  2,  3,  4]])
>>> torch.unsqueeze(x, 1)
tensor([[ 1],
        [ 2],
        [ 3],
        [ 4]])

五、保存并加载模型

# 模型保存
PATH = './model.pth'  # 保存的参数文件名
torch.save(model.state_dict(), PATH)

# 将参数加载到model当中
model.load_state_dict(torch.load(PATH, map_location=device))