【IoT】8.Operations and Risk Management 日常风控

在产品开发、投入市场的各个环节中，都存在风险，可能造成危害。所以要排查（assessment），要规避（avoidance），要减轻（mitigation），这就是风险控制

目录

关于Risk必须知道的概念

Question

1. What is operations management used for?

2. How can a company balance the potential conflict between the needs of the management and the needs of the customer?

System design：

System operation：

3. What are the key activities in operations management and their objectives?

4. What is the difference between risk assessment, avoidance, mitigation and risk management?

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关于Risk必须知道的概念

先看严格定义：

“the probability of an event occurring that could have an impact on the achievement of objectives.”

Risk（风险）是一个复合概念，综合描述一件事的危险程度，risk = probability × hazard.

hazard：the physical result of risk；if the danger do happen，how severe it could be.

所以 一件事的恶果很严重并不代表risk就一定高，如果发生的概率很低，那么总体的risk还是处于中等水平。

e.g. risk assessment matrix：

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Question

1. What is operations management used for?

• Def：Operations is concerned with the transformation of a variety of inputs such as
  information, people, materials, finance and methods into a variety of outputs such as g oods,
  services, profit, customer and employee satisfaction .
• Briefly：carefully manage the processes to produce and distribute products and services
• Major activities，include：

• Related activities，include：

  managing purchases, inventory（仓储） control, quality control, storage, logistics and evaluations
• Object：1. 
  1. to achieve Quality, dependability, speed, flexibility, cost efficiency and effectiveness.
  2.  to balance the potential conflict between the needs of the management and the needs  of      the customer.

       由此也引出了下一个问题，

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2. How can a company balance the potential conflict between the needs of the management and the needs of the customer?

System design：

Operations system needs to be designed to most accurately balance the needs of the consumer with those of the management/company（架构设计要符合双方利益）；

其中环节包括：

Product design（产品设计

Forecasting demand and capacity planning（提前估计需求，设计功能

Equipment design（硬件设计

Work design（工作模式

Location

System operation：

To increase efficiency and， therefore， output.

2 aspects：

Operations planning： to ensure sufficient goods or services are  produced to meet demand；

Operations control：control quality, quantity, technology, labour and cost；

Supply chain management：

Brings together a number of related activities， including：（参考Q1.related activity即可）

These are combined as part of an integrated strategy which aims to reduce costs for the

organisation and enhance customer sat isfaction.

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3. What are the key activities in operations management and their objectives?

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4. What is the difference between risk assessment, avoidance, mitigation and risk management?

risk assessment：What are the risks? Consequences?

risk avoidance：What to do to lower the probability of the risk?

risk mitigation（减轻，缓和）：What to do to reduce the consequences?