Unity游戏启动时都干了些啥

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-05 14:21:20 发布

LoveMollyWendy

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-05 14:21:20 发布

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分类专栏： Unity 文章标签： Unity 启动加载项优化

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/a958832776/article/details/80105563

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前面几个月公司，项目进行大版本更新，事比较多，就耽搁了，最近闲下来了就开始整理下，之前写的东西。

Unity游戏在启动的时候会加载一些默认的资源，这些资源包括Texture、Shader、Mesh等等。下面分为两部分细说：

那些资源会打包进游戏包

既然要测试，就得有工程是吧。好，我们用Unity创建一个空工程，工程中就一个场景如图：

这个场景中的所有对象都删除（包括MainCamera哦）。然后导出APK包（不会的自行百度）。

我用Unity5.6.1打包的，导出的APK文件是20.5M。AndroidStudio创建的空工程，导出的APK只有1.8M，差距还是蛮大的。

导出的apk包直接用压缩工具打开查看。如图：

我们可以看到 assets/bin/Data/ 目录下面有Unity3D引擎的 .dll 文件，以及 lib/ 目录下的 .so 文件，这些都是Unity3D引擎的代码文件，剩下的那些就是Unity3D引擎引入的资源文件。

unity_builtin_extra 和 unity default resources 这两个文件，它们在文件大小上是资源文件中最大的。
这些文件是类似于AssetBundle的文件格式，用工具
http://en.unity3d.netobf.com/DevXUnityUnPack提取。

用法如下图：

打开apk之后如图：

注意：你会看到 unity_builtin_extra 里面都是Shader文件，而 unity default resources 里面则包含纹理、默认的Arial字体、材质、Shader等。

游戏启动时那些东西加载了
分析完了unity那些资源打包进APK了，下面再来看游戏那些资源被加载了呢？

脚本：

    using System.Collections;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Text;
    using UnityEngine;

    public class Test : MonoBehaviour {

        // Use this for initialization
        void Start () {
            StringBuilder str = new StringBuilder();
            var objs = Resources.FindObjectsOfTypeAll<UnityEngine.Object>();

            str.AppendLine("total objs count :  " + objs.Length );
            Debug.Log("total objs count :  " + objs.Length);
            foreach(var obj in objs)
            {
                var type = obj.GetType();
                str.AppendLine("name= " + obj.name + " ,  Type= " + type);
                Debug.Log("name= " + obj.name + " ,  Type= " + type);
            }

            //Application.persistentDataPath:   C:\Users\username\AppData\LocalLow\company name\product name
            string path = Path.Combine(Application.dataPath, "logs.txt");
            File.WriteAllText(path, str.ToString());
        }

    }

场景中创建一个空物体，把这个脚本挂上去，打包。这里测试我就直接打成exe了，在Editor下运行看到有Editor资源。

输入日志如下：

        total objs count :  223
        name= NavMeshSettings ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= OcclusionCullingSettings ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= Hidden/BlitCopy ,  Type= UnityEngine.Material
        name=  ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture
        name= Hidden/Internal-GUITexture ,  Type= UnityEngine.Material
        name=  ,  Type= UnityEngine.Material
        name= UnityNHxRoughness ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnityDitherMask3D ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture3D
        name= UnityDitherMask2D ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnityDefaultCube ,  Type= UnityEngine.Cubemap
        name= UnityDefaultCubeArray ,  Type= UnityEngine.CubemapArray
        name= UnityDefault2DArray ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2DArray
        name= UnityDefault3D ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture3D
        name= UnityDefault2D ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnityBlackCube ,  Type= UnityEngine.Cubemap
        name= UnityAttenuation ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnityHalo ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnityGrayscaleRamp ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnityGrey ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnityRed ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnityRandomRotation ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnityBlack ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnityWhite ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnityNormalMap ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= InternalIdentityTransform ,  Type= UnityEngine.Transform
        name= InternalIdentityTransform ,  Type= UnityEngine.GameObject
        name= PlayerSettings ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= InputManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= BuildSettings ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= GraphicsSettings ,  Type= UnityEngine.Rendering.GraphicsSettings
        name= Hidden/Internal-DeferredShading ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-DeferredReflections ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-ScreenSpaceShadows ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-PrePassLighting ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-DepthNormalsTexture ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-MotionVectors ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-Halo ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-Flare ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Legacy Shaders/Diffuse ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/CubeBlur ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/CubeCopy ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/CubeBlend ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Sprites/Default ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= UI/Default ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/VideoDecode ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-StencilWrite ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-CombineDepthNormals ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/BlitCopy ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/BlitCopyDepth ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-GUITextureClip ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-GUITextureClipText ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-GUITexture ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/Internal-GUITextureBlit ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/ConvertTexture ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/VR/BlitCopyFromTexArray ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Sprites-Default ,  Type= UnityEngine.Material
        name= QualitySettings ,  Type= UnityEngine.QualitySettings
        name= RuntimeInitializeOnLoadManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= Hidden/InternalErrorShader ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Hidden/InternalClear ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Soft ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnitySplash-cube ,  Type= UnityEngine.Texture2D
        name= UnitySplash-cube ,  Type= UnityEngine.Sprite
        name= DeveloperConsole ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= GUISkin ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= TagManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= AudioManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= ScriptMapper ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= Legacy Shaders/VertexLit ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= Skybox/Procedural ,  Type= UnityEngine.Shader
        name= MonoManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= AudioSpatializerMicrosoft ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= SpatialMappingBase ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= SpatialMappingCollider ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= SpatialMappingRenderer ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= HoloLensInput ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= HoloLensInputModule ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= PlaymodeTestsController ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= PlayModeRunnerCallback ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= CallbackExecutor ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Placeholder ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= AnalyticsTracker ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkAnimator ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkBehaviour ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkDiscovery ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkIdentity ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkLobbyManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkLobbyPlayer ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkManagerHUD ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkMigrationManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkProximityChecker ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkStartPosition ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkTransformChild ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkTransform ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkTransformVisualizer ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= AsyncUtil ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkAnimator ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkBehaviour ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkDiscovery ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkIdentity ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkLobbyManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkLobbyPlayer ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkManagerHUD ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkMigrationManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkProximityChecker ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkStartPosition ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkTransformChild ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkTransform ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= NetworkTransformVisualizer ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= EventSystem ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= EventTrigger ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= UIBehaviour ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= BaseInput ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= BaseInputModule ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= PointerInputModule ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= StandaloneInputModule ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= TouchInputModule ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= BaseRaycaster ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Physics2DRaycaster ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= PhysicsRaycaster ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Button ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Dropdown ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Graphic ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= GraphicRaycaster ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Image ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= InputField ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Mask ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= MaskableGraphic ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= RawImage ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= RectMask2D ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Scrollbar ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= ScrollRect ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Selectable ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Slider ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Text ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Toggle ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= ToggleGroup ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= AspectRatioFitter ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= CanvasScaler ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= ContentSizeFitter ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= GridLayoutGroup ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= HorizontalLayoutGroup ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= HorizontalOrVerticalLayoutGroup ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= LayoutElement ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= LayoutGroup ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= VerticalLayoutGroup ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= BaseMeshEffect ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Outline ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= PositionAsUV1 ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Shadow ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= EventSystem ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= EventTrigger ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= UIBehaviour ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= BaseInput ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= BaseInputModule ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= PointerInputModule ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= StandaloneInputModule ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= TouchInputModule ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= BaseRaycaster ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Physics2DRaycaster ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= PhysicsRaycaster ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Button ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Dropdown ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Graphic ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= GraphicRaycaster ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Image ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= InputField ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Mask ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= MaskableGraphic ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= RawImage ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= RectMask2D ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Scrollbar ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= ScrollRect ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Selectable ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Slider ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Text ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Toggle ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= ToggleGroup ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= AspectRatioFitter ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= CanvasScaler ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= ContentSizeFitter ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= GridLayoutGroup ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= HorizontalLayoutGroup ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= HorizontalOrVerticalLayoutGroup ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= LayoutElement ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= LayoutGroup ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= VerticalLayoutGroup ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= BaseMeshEffect ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Outline ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= PositionAsUV1 ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Shadow ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= AudioSpatializerMicrosoft ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= SpatialMappingBase ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= SpatialMappingCollider ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= SpatialMappingRenderer ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= HoloLensInput ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= HoloLensInputModule ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset
        name= Test ,  Type= UnityEngine.TextAsset //这是我们写的脚本
        name= TimeManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= DelayedCallManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= PhysicsManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= ResourceManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= NetworkManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= MasterServerInterface ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= NavMeshProjectSettings ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= Physics2DSettings ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= ClusterInputManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= CloudWebServicesManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= UnityAnalyticsManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= UnityConnectSettings ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= PerformanceReportingManager ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name=  ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name=  ,  Type= UnityEngine.Object
        name= Default-Skybox ,  Type= UnityEngine.Material
        name=  ,  Type= UnityEngine.Cubemap
        name=  ,  Type= UnityEngine.LightProbes
        name= GameObject ,  Type= UnityEngine.GameObject
        name= GameObject ,  Type= UnityEngine.Transform
        name= RenderSettings ,  Type= UnityEngine.RenderSettings
        name= LightmapSettings ,  Type= UnityEngine.LightmapSettings
        name= GameObject ,  Type= Test

Test.cs 代码本身就是一个 TextAsset，需要在启动时进行加载。 obj1 是场景里面的 GameObject 的名字，它所挂载的 Transform 组件也需要被加载。

注意：
即使代码脚本没有被使用，它也会在冷启动时加载，所以，如果一个大型项目里面有很多的代码文件，那么这些代码文件都需要被加载，这将会影响游戏的冷启动时间。所以，如果有很多的代码文件，可以考虑把这些代码文件打包成一个 .dll 文件，这样可以减少碎片化文件的加载时间，从而减少冷启动时间，加快游戏启动速度。