二、 opengl绘制三角形

绘制三个顶点颜色不同的三角形

//#define GLEW_STATIC
#include <GL/glew.h>
// GLFW
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <iostream>

const GLuint WIDTH = 800, HEIGHT = 600;
#define  ARR_LEN              512

const GLchar * vShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"layout(location = 0) in vec3 position;\n"         
"layout(location = 1) in vec3 testColor;\n"
"out vec4 ourColor;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"gl_Position = vec4(position.x, position.y, position.z, 1.0);\n"
"ourColor = vec4(testColor.r, testColor.g, testColor.b, 1.0);\n"
"}\0";
//定义location=0的变量position 用来确定三角形顶点的位置
//定义location=1的变量testColor用来确定三角形顶点的颜色
//用户自己写的程序向顶点着色器传参时 是通过location标识来确定变量

const GLchar* fShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"in  vec4 ourColor;\n"
"out vec4 color;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"color = ourColor;\n"
"}\n\0";
//ourColor接收顶点着色器传递过来的颜色参数

void key_callback(GLFWwindow *window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mode);

int main()
{
	glfwInit();
 	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
  	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
        //使用opengl核心模式（实时渲染）
	glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, GL_FALSE);

	GLFWwindow *window = glfwCreateWindow(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "first opengl test", nullptr, nullptr);
        //创建window
	if (!window)
	{
		std::cout<<"failed to create window" << std::endl;
		glfwTerminate();
		return -1;
	}
	glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
        //设置当前工作窗口
	glfwSetKeyCallback(window, key_callback);
        //设置监听键盘时间
	glewExperimental = true;
        //采用核心模式 在glewInit(0调用之前 必须将glewExperimental 置为true
 	auto err = glewInit();
	if (err!=GLEW_OK)
	{
		auto str=glewGetErrorString(err);
		std::cout << "failed to init glew" << std::endl;
		return -1;
	}

	int width, height;
	glfwGetFramebufferSize(window, &width, &height);
	glViewport(0, 0, width, height);

	//编译顶点着色器
	GLuint vShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
	glShaderSource(vShader, 1, &vShaderSource, nullptr);
	glCompileShader(vShader);

	//监测编译是否有错误
	GLint success;
	GLchar infoLog[ARR_LEN];
	glGetShaderiv(vShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
	if (!success)
	{
		glGetShaderInfoLog(vShader, ARR_LEN, nullptr, infoLog);
		std::cout << "error::shader::vertex::compilation_failed" << infoLog << std::endl;
	}

	//编译片段着色器
	GLuint64 fShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
	glShaderSource(fShader, 1, &fShaderSource, nullptr);
	glCompileShader(fShader);

        //监测编译是否有错误
	glGetShaderiv(fShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
	if (!success)
	{
		glGetShaderInfoLog(vShader, ARR_LEN, nullptr, infoLog);
		std::cout << "error::shader::fragment::compilation_failed" << infoLog << std::endl;
	}

	//创建shaderprogram
	GLuint shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
       //将shader与shaderprogram链接
	glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vShader);
	glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fShader);
       //link shaderprogram
	glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);

	//监测链接是否有错误
	glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
	if (!success)
	{
		glGetShaderInfoLog(shaderProgram, ARR_LEN, nullptr, infoLog);
		std::cout << "link error :" << infoLog << std::endl;
	}
	glDeleteShader(vShader);//
	glDeleteShader(fShader);//着色器 对象链接到程序对象后 删除着色器

       //定义 绘制三角形需要的数据
	GLfloat arr[] = {
		//position          //color
		0.f, 0.5f, 0.0f,    1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,
		0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,  0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,
		-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f,0.0f,1.0f
	};

	GLuint VBO, VAO;
	glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
	glBindVertexArray(VAO);

	glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);
	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);
	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(arr), arr, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

	glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid *)0);
        //将数组中的每组数据的前三个数据 传到顶点着色器中location为0变量（即此例的position）
        //由于是前三个数据 位置数据在缓冲中的起始位置偏移量为0
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
        //将 glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid *)0) 绑定     	
 	//数据设置为激活状态 待opengl绘制时使用
       
	glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid *)(3*sizeof(GLfloat)));
        //将数组中的每组数据的后三个数据 传到顶点着色器中location为1变量（即此例的testColor）
        //由于起始数据前面有三个数据 因此位置数据在缓冲中的起始位置偏移量为(GLvoid *)(3*sizeof(GLfloat))
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
  	/将 glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid *)(3*sizeof(GLfloat)));     	
 	/绑定数据设置成激活状态 待opengl绘制时使用

	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
        //解绑vbo
	glBindVertexArray(0);
        //解绑vao
	
	//设置模式
	while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
	{
		glfwPollEvents();

		//render
		//clear the colorbuffer
		glClearColor(0.0, 0, 0.5, 1.0);
		glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
		glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
		glBindVertexArray(VAO); 
                //绑定vao 
		glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6);
		glBindVertexArray(0);

		//swap the sreen buffers
		glfwSwapBuffers(window);
	}
	glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &VAO); 
        //删除vao
	glDeleteBuffers(1, &VBO);           
        //删除vbo

	glfwTerminate();
	return 0;
}

void key_callback(GLFWwindow *window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mode)
{
	if (key==GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE&&action==GLFW_PRESS)
	{
		glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, GL_TRUE);
	}
}

 

效果图：