caffe 中classification.cpp的源码注释
由于要修改classification.cpp,必须先要大概弄懂源码。网上对caffe中的这个cpp有很多注释,这里借鉴了一些大神的博客内容,并加进去了自己的理解。
参考博客:
以下是代码注释:
- #include <caffe/caffe.hpp>
- #ifdef USE_OPENCV
- #include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
- #include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
- #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
- #endif // USE_OPENCV
- #include <algorithm>
- #include <iosfwd>
- #include <memory>
- #include <string>
- #include <utility>
- #include <vector>
- #ifdef USE_OPENCV
- using namespace caffe; // NOLINT(build/namespaces)
- using std::string;
- /* Pair (label, confidence) representing a prediction. */
- //为std::pair<string, float>创建一个名为“Prediction”的类型别名,std::pair<string, float>的用法见网上
- typedef std::pair<string, float> Prediction;
- class Classifier {
- public:
- //Classifier构造函数的声明,输入形参分别为配置文件(train_val.prototxt)、训练好的模型文件(caffemodel)、均值文件和labels_标签文件
- Classifier(const string& model_file,
- const string& trained_file,
- const string& mean_file,
- const string& label_file);
- //Classify函数对输入的图像进行分类,返回std::pair<string, float>类型的预测结果
- //Classify函数的形参列表:img是输入一张图像,N是输出概率值从大到小前N个预测结果的索引
- std::vector<Prediction> Classify(const cv::Mat& img, int N = 5);
- // Classifier类的私有函数的声明,仅供classifier函数和classify函数使用
- private:
- void SetMean(const string& mean_file);//SetMean函数将均值文件读入,转化为一张均值图像mean_,形参是均值文件的文件名
- std::vector<float> Predict(const cv::Mat& img);//Predict函数调用Process函数将图像输入到网络中,使用net_->Forward()函数进行预测;将输出层的输出保存到vector容器中返回,输入形参是单张图片
- void WrapInputLayer(std::vector<cv::Mat>* input_channels);
- void Preprocess(const cv::Mat& img,
- std::vector<cv::Mat>* input_channels);// ?Preprocess函数对图像的通道数、大小、数据形式进行改变,减去均值mean_,再写入到net_的输入层中?
- // Classifier类的私有变量
- private:
- shared_ptr<Net<float> > net_;//?模型变量?
- cv::Size input_geometry_;//输入层图像的大小
- int num_channels_;//输入层的通道数
- cv::Mat mean_;//均值文件处理得到的均值图像
- std::vector<string> labels_;//标签文件,labels_定义成元素是string类型的vector容器
- };
- //在Classifier类外定义Classifier类的构造函数
- Classifier::Classifier(const string& model_file,
- const string& trained_file,
- const string& mean_file,
- const string& label_file) {
- #ifdef CPU_ONLY
- Caffe::set_mode(Caffe::CPU);
- #else
- Caffe::set_mode(Caffe::GPU);
- #endif
- /* Load the network. */
- net_.reset(new Net<float>(model_file, TEST));// 加载配置文件,设定模式为分类
- net_->CopyTrainedLayersFrom(trained_file);//加载caffemodel,该函数在net.cpp中实现
- CHECK_EQ(net_->num_inputs(), 1) << "Network should have exactly one input.";
- CHECK_EQ(net_->num_outputs(), 1) << "Network should have exactly one output.";
- Blob<float>* input_layer = net_->input_blobs()[0];// 定义输入层变量
- num_channels_ = input_layer->channels(); //得到输入层的通道数
- CHECK(num_channels_ == 3 || num_channels_ == 1)//检查图像通道数,3对应RGB图像,1对应灰度图像
- << "Input layer should have 1 or 3 channels.";
- input_geometry_ = cv::Size(input_layer->width(), input_layer->height());//得到输入层图像大小
- /* Load the binaryproto mean file. */
- SetMean(mean_file);//Classifier函数中调用SetMean函数,得到一张均值图像mean_
- /* Load labels. */
- std::ifstream labels(label_file.c_str());//加载标签名称文件,就是那个txt文本
- CHECK(labels) << "Unable to open labels file " << label_file;
- string line;
- while (std::getline(labels, line))
- labels_.push_back(string(line));
- //检查标签个数与网络的输出结点个数是否一样
- Blob<float>* output_layer = net_->output_blobs()[0];
- CHECK_EQ(labels_.size(), output_layer->channels())
- << "Number of labels is different from the output layer dimension.";
- }//至此Classifier类的构造函数的定义结束
- //?下面这个函数不知道是干什么的,好像不打紧...?
- static bool PairCompare(const std::pair<float, int>& lhs,
- const std::pair<float, int>& rhs) {
- return lhs.first > rhs.first;
- }
- /* Return the indices of the top N values of vector v. */
- //函数用于返回向量v的前N个最大值的索引,也就是返回概率最大的五个类别的标签
- //如果你是二分类问题,那么这个N直接选择1
- static std::vector<int> Argmax(const std::vector<float>& v, int N) {
- std::vector<std::pair<float, int> > pairs;
- for (size_t i = 0; i < v.size(); ++i)
- pairs.push_back(std::make_pair(v[i], static_cast<int>(i)));
- std::partial_sort(pairs.begin(), pairs.begin() + N, pairs.end(), PairCompare);
- std::vector<int> result;
- for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
- result.push_back(pairs[i].second);
- return result;
- }
- //Classifier类的Classify函数的定义,里面调用了Classifier类的私有函数Predict函数和上面实现的Argmax函数
- //预测函数,输入一张图片img,希望预测的前N种概率最大的,我们一般取N等于1
- //输入预测结果为std::make_pair,每个对包含这个物体的名字,及其相对于的概率
- /* Return the top N predictions. */
- std::vector<Prediction> Classifier::Classify(const cv::Mat& img, int N) {
- std::vector<float> output = Predict(img);//调用Predict函数对输入图像进行预测,输出是概率值
- N = std::min<int>(labels_.size(), N);
- std::vector<int> maxN = Argmax(output, N);//调用上面的Argmax函数返回概率值最大的N个类别的标签,放在vector容器maxN里
- std::vector<Prediction> predictions;//定义一个std::pair<string, float>型的变量,用来存放类别的标签及类别对应的概率值
- for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
- int idx = maxN[i];
- predictions.push_back(std::make_pair(labels_[idx], output[idx]));
- }
- return predictions;
- }
- /* Load the mean file in binaryproto format. */
- //加载均值文件函数的定义
- void Classifier::SetMean(const string& mean_file) {
- BlobProto blob_proto;//构造一个BlobProto对象blob_proto
- ReadProtoFromBinaryFileOrDie(mean_file.c_str(), &blob_proto);//读取均值文件给构建好的blob_proto
- /* Convert from BlobProto to Blob<float> */
- //把BlobProto 转换为 Blob<float>类型
- Blob<float> mean_blob;
- mean_blob.FromProto(blob_proto);//把blob_proto拷贝给mean_blob
- //验证均值图片的通道个数是否与网络的输入图片的通道个数相同
- CHECK_EQ(mean_blob.channels(), num_channels_)
- << "Number of channels of mean file doesn't match input layer.";
- /* The format of the mean file is planar 32-bit float BGR or grayscale. */
- //把三通道的图片分开存储,三张图片按顺序保存到channels中
- std::vector<cv::Mat> channels;
- float* data = mean_blob.mutable_cpu_data();//令data指向mean_blob
- for (int i = 0; i < num_channels_; ++i) {
- /* Extract an individual channel. */
- cv::Mat channel(mean_blob.height(), mean_blob.width(), CV_32FC1, data);
- channels.push_back(channel);
- data += mean_blob.height() * mean_blob.width();
- }
- /* Merge the separate channels into a single image. */
- //重新合成一张图片
- cv::Mat mean;
- cv::merge(channels, mean);
- /* Compute the global mean pixel value and create a mean image
- * filled with this value. */
- //计算每个通道的均值,得到一个三维的向量channel_mean,然后把三维的向量扩展成一张新的均值图片
- //这种图片的每个通道的像素值是相等的,这张均值图片的大小将和网络的输入要求一样
- cv::Scalar channel_mean = cv::mean(mean);
- mean_ = cv::Mat(input_geometry_, mean.type(), channel_mean);
- }
- //Classifier类中Predict函数的定义,输入形参为单张图像
- std::vector<float> Classifier::Predict(const cv::Mat& img) {
- Blob<float>* input_layer = net_->input_blobs()[0];
- input_layer->Reshape(1, num_channels_,
- input_geometry_.height, input_geometry_.width);
- /* Forward dimension change to all layers. */
- //输入带预测的图片数据,然后进行预处理,包括归一化、缩放等操作
- net_->Reshape();
- std::vector<cv::Mat> input_channels;
- WrapInputLayer(&input_channels);
- Preprocess(img, &input_channels); //调用Classifier类中的Preprocess函数对图像的通道数、大小、数据形式进行改变,减去均值mean_,再写入到net_的输入层中
- //前向传导
- net_->Forward();
- /* Copy the output layer to a std::vector */
- //把最后一层输出值,保存到vector中,结果就是返回每个类的概率
- Blob<float>* output_layer = net_->output_blobs()[0];
- const float* begin = output_layer->cpu_data();
- const float* end = begin + output_layer->channels();
- return std::vector<float>(begin, end);
- }
- /* Wrap the input layer of the network in separate cv::Mat objects
- * (one per channel). This way we save one memcpy operation and we
- * don't need to rely on cudaMemcpy2D. The last preprocessing
- * operation will write the separate channels directly to the input
- * layer. */
- //这个其实是为了获得net_网络的输入层数据的指针,然后后面我们直接把输入图片数据拷贝到这个指针里面
- void Classifier::WrapInputLayer(std::vector<cv::Mat>* input_channels) {
- Blob<float>* input_layer = net_->input_blobs()[0];
- int width = input_layer->width();
- int height = input_layer->height();
- float* input_data = input_layer->mutable_cpu_data();
- for (int i = 0; i < input_layer->channels(); ++i) {
- cv::Mat channel(height, width, CV_32FC1, input_data);
- input_channels->push_back(channel);
- input_data += width * height;
- }
- }
- //图片预处理函数,包括图片缩放、归一化、3通道图片分开存储
- //对于三通道输入CNN,经过该函数返回的是std::vector<cv::Mat>因为是三通道数据,所以用了vector
- void Classifier::Preprocess(const cv::Mat& img,
- std::vector<cv::Mat>* input_channels) {
- /* Convert the input image to the input image format of the network. */
- //输入图片通道转换
- cv::Mat sample;
- if (img.channels() == 3 && num_channels_ == 1)
- cv::cvtColor(img, sample, cv::COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
- else if (img.channels() == 4 && num_channels_ == 1)
- cv::cvtColor(img, sample, cv::COLOR_BGRA2GRAY);
- else if (img.channels() == 4 && num_channels_ == 3)
- cv::cvtColor(img, sample, cv::COLOR_BGRA2BGR);
- else if (img.channels() == 1 && num_channels_ == 3)
- cv::cvtColor(img, sample, cv::COLOR_GRAY2BGR);
- else
- sample = img;
- //输入图片缩放处理
- cv::Mat sample_resized;
- if (sample.size() != input_geometry_)
- cv::resize(sample, sample_resized, input_geometry_);
- else
- sample_resized = sample;
- cv::Mat sample_float;//定义sample_float为未减均值时的图像
- if (num_channels_ == 3)
- sample_resized.convertTo(sample_float, CV_32FC3);
- else
- sample_resized.convertTo(sample_float, CV_32FC1);
- cv::Mat sample_normalized;//定义sample_normalized为减去均值后的图像
- cv::subtract(sample_float, mean_, sample_normalized);//调用opencv里的cv::subtract函数,将sample_float减去均值图像mean_得到减去均值后的图像
- /* This operation will write the separate BGR planes directly to the
- * input layer of the network because it is wrapped by the cv::Mat
- * objects in input_channels. */
- cv::split(sample_normalized, *input_channels);
- CHECK(reinterpret_cast<float*>(input_channels->at(0).data)
- == net_->input_blobs()[0]->cpu_data())
- << "Input channels are not wrapping the input layer of the network.";
- }
- //到这里才是main函数登场!
- int main(int argc, char** argv) {
- //使用时检查输入的参数向量是否为要求的6个,如果不是,打印使用说明
- if (argc != 6) {
- std::cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0]
- << " deploy.prototxt network.caffemodel"
- << " mean.binaryproto labels.txt img.jpg" << std::endl;
- return 1;
- }
- ::google::InitGoogleLogging(argv[0]);
- string model_file = argv[1];
- string trained_file = argv[2];
- string mean_file = argv[3];
- string label_file = argv[4];
- Classifier classifier(model_file, trained_file, mean_file, label_file);//创建对象并初始化网络、模型、均值、标签各类对象
- string file = argv[5];//输入的待测图片
- //打印信息
- std::cout << "---------- Prediction for "
- << file << " ----------" << std::endl;
- cv::Mat img = cv::imread(file, -1);
- CHECK(!img.empty()) << "Unable to decode image " << file;
- std::vector<Prediction> predictions = classifier.Classify(img);//具体测试传入的图片并返回测试的结果:类别ID与概率值的Prediction类型数组
- /* Print the top N predictions. */
- //将测试结果打印
- //std::pair<string, float>类型的p变量,p.second代表概率值,p.first代表类别标签
- for (size_t i = 0; i < predictions.size(); ++i) {
- Prediction p = predictions[i];
- std::cout << std::fixed << std::setprecision(4) << p.second << " - \""
- << p.first << "\"" << std::endl;
- }
- }
- #else
- int main(int argc, char** argv) {
- LOG(FATAL) << "This example requires OpenCV; compile with USE_OPENCV.";
- }
- #endif // USE_OPENCV