【短时幅度谱】短时幅度谱估计在语音增强方面的MATLAB仿真

1.软件版本

matlab2021a

2.本算法理论知识

        处理宽带噪声的最通用技术是谱减法，即从带噪语音估值中减去噪声频谱估值，而得到纯净语音的频谱。由于人耳对语音频谱分量的相位不敏感，因而这种方法主要针对短时幅度谱。假定语音为平稳信号，而噪声和语音为加性信号且彼此不相关。此时带噪语音信号可表示为。

 

 

 

 

3.部分核心代码

function enhancedsignal=wiener(noisyspeech,samplefrequency)
x=noisyspeech;
fs=samplefrequency;
nx=length(x);
enhanced_x=zeros(1,nx);
                                 %分帧和加窗
FrameLen=fix(0.025*fs);          %取25毫秒为一帧
overlap=FrameLen/2;
inc=FrameLen-overlap;            %帧移
x_frame=enframe(x,FrameLen,inc); %分帧
nf=size(x_frame,1);              % 帧数
win=hamming(FrameLen)';
x_window=[];
for k=1:nf
    x_row=x_frame(k,:).*win;     % 加窗
    x_window=[x_window;x_row];   
end
%对带噪语音进行DFT
y=fft(x_window');
ymag = abs(y);			
yphase = angle(y);	                         
NNoise=23;                      %取噪音段（语音的初始段）帧数
MN=mean(ymag(:,1:NNoise)')';
PN=mean(ymag(:,1:NNoise)'.^2)'; %初始噪声功率谱均值

NoiseCounter=0;%连续噪声段长度
SmoothFactor=9;%噪声平滑因子
Alpha=0.95;    %语音平滑因子
SNRPre=ones(size(MN));

%维纳滤波
for k=1:nf
     if k<=NNoise 
        SpeechFlag=0;
        NoiseCounter=NNoise;
    else 
           NoiseMargin=3;
           HangOver=8;
           SpectralDist= 20*(log10(ymag(:,k))-log10(MN));
           SpectralDist(find(SpectralDist<0))=0;
           Dist=mean(SpectralDist); 
           if (Dist < NoiseMargin) 
            NoiseFlag=1; 
            NoiseCounter=NoiseCounter+1;
           else
            NoiseFlag=0;
            NoiseCounter=0;
           end 
           if (NoiseCounter > HangOver) 
           SpeechFlag=0;    
           else 
           SpeechFlag=1; 
           end 
     end
    
    if SpeechFlag==0 
        MN=(SmoothFactor*MN+ymag(:,k))/(SmoothFactor+1);      %更新噪声均值
        PN=(SmoothFactor*PN+(ymag(:,k).^2))/(1+SmoothFactor); %更新噪声功率
    end
    
%------滤波
SNRNew=(ymag(:,k).^2)./PN-1;
SNRPost=Alpha*SNRPre+(1-Alpha).*max(SNRNew,0);
Gain=SNRPost./(SNRPost+1);
smag=Gain.*ymag(:,k);
SNRPre=smag.^2./PN;
spectrum= smag.*exp(j*yphase(:,k));
enhanced_x((inc*(k-1)+1):(inc*(k-1)+FrameLen))=enhanced_x((inc*(k-1)+1):(inc*(k-1)+FrameLen))+real(ifft(spectrum,FrameLen))';
end
enhancedsignal=enhanced_x;

4.仿真结论

5.参考文献

[1] 易克初. 语音信号处理[M]. 北京:国防工业出版社, 2000.

[2] LiZhao, KOBAYASHI, NIIMI Y Tone. Recongnition of Chinese continuous speech using continuous HMMs[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of Japan, 53(12), 933-940, 1997.

A03-03

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