一 配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<!-- 指定Hibernate配置文件的DTD信息 -->
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<!-- hibernate-configuration是配置文件的根元素 -->
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 指定连接数据库所用的驱动 -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<!-- 指定连接数据库的url,其中hibernate是本应用连接的数据库名 -->
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/hibernate</property>
<!-- 指定连接数据库的用户名 -->
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<!-- 指定连接数据库的密码 -->
<property name="connection.password">32147</property>
<!-- 指定连接池里最大连接数 -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">20</property>
<!-- 指定连接池里最小连接数 -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">1</property>
<!-- 指定连接池里连接的超时时长 -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">5000</property>
<!-- 指定连接池里最大缓存多少个Statement对象 -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">100</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period">3000</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.acquire_increment">2</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.validate">true</property>
<!-- 指定数据库方言 -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
<!-- 根据需要自动创建数据库 -->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<!-- 显示Hibernate持久化操作所生成的SQL -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- 将SQL脚本进行格式化后再输出 -->
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 罗列所有持久化类的类名 -->
<mapping class="org.crazyit.app.domain.Person"/>
<mapping class="org.crazyit.app.domain.MyEvent"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
二 PO
1 Person
package org.crazyit.app.domain;
import java.util.*;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Entity
@Table(name = "person_inf")
public class Person
{
// 定义标识属性
@Id @Column(name = "person_id")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Integer id;
// 定义Person实例的name成员变量
private String name;
// 定义Person实例的age成员变量
private int age;
// 定义该Person实体关联的MyEvent实体
@ManyToOne(targetEntity=MyEvent.class)
@JoinColumn(name = "event_id" , referencedColumnName="event_id")
private MyEvent myEvent;
// 定义一个集合属性
// 集合属性,保留该对象关联的学校
@ElementCollection(targetClass=String.class)
@CollectionTable(name="person_email_inf",
joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="person_id" , nullable=false))
@Column(name="email_detail" , nullable=false)
private Set<String> emails
= new HashSet<>();
// id的setter和getter方法
public void setId(Integer id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getId()
{
return this.id;
}
// name的setter和getter方法
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public String getName()
{
return this.name;
}
// age的setter和getter方法
public void setAge(int age)
{
this.age = age;
}
public int getAge()
{
return this.age;
}
// myEvent的setter和getter方法
public void setMyEvent(MyEvent myEvent)
{
this.myEvent = myEvent;
}
public MyEvent getMyEvent()
{
return this.myEvent;
}
// emails的setter和getter方法
public void setEmails(Set<String> emails)
{
this.emails = emails;
}
public Set<String> getEmails()
{
return this.emails;
}
}
2 MyEvent
package org.crazyit.app.domain;
import java.util.*;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Entity
@Table(name="event_inf")
public class MyEvent
{
// 定义标识属性
@Id @Column(name="event_id")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Integer id;
// 定义事件名称的成员变量
private String title;
// 定义事件发生时间的成员变量
private Date happenDate;
// 定义该MyEvent实体关联的所有Person实体
@ManyToMany(targetEntity=Person.class , mappedBy="myEvent")
private Set<Person> actors
= new HashSet<>();
// id的setter和getter方法
public void setId(Integer id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getId()
{
return this.id;
}
// title的setter和getter方法
public void setTitle(String title)
{
this.title = title;
}
public String getTitle()
{
return this.title;
}
// happenDate的setter和getter方法
public void setHappenDate(Date happenDate)
{
this.happenDate = happenDate;
}
public Date getHappenDate()
{
return this.happenDate;
}
// actors的setter和getter方法
public void setActors(Set<Person> actors)
{
this.actors = actors;
}
public Set<Person> getActors()
{
return this.actors;
}
}
三 测试
1 工具类
package lee;
import org.hibernate.*;
import org.hibernate.cfg.*;
import org.hibernate.service.*;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.*;
public class HibernateUtil
{
public static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;
static
{
try
{
// 使用默认的hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件创建Configuration实例
Configuration cfg = new Configuration()
.configure();
// 以Configuration实例来创建SessionFactory实例
ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
.applySettings(cfg.getProperties()).build();
sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
}
catch (Throwable ex)
{
System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed." + ex);
throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
}
}
// ThreadLocal可以隔离多个线程的数据共享,因此不再需要对线程同步
public static final ThreadLocal<Session> session
= new ThreadLocal<Session>();
public static Session currentSession()
throws HibernateException
{
Session s = session.get();
// 如果该线程还没有Session,则创建一个新的Session
if (s == null)
{
s = sessionFactory.openSession();
// 将获得的Session变量存储在ThreadLocal变量session里
session.set(s);
}
return s;
}
public static void closeSession()
throws HibernateException
{
Session s = session.get();
if (s != null)
s.close();
session.set(null);
}
}
2 测试类
package lee;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;
import org.crazyit.app.domain.*;
public class HqlQuery
{
public static void main(String[] args)
throws Exception
{
HqlQuery mgr = new HqlQuery();
// 调用查询方法
mgr.findPersons();
// 调用第二个查询方法
mgr.findPersonsByHappenDate();
mgr.findPersonsFetchMyEvent();
}
//c第一个查询方法
private void findPersons()
{
// 获得Hibernate Session
Session sess = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
// 开始事务
Transaction tx = sess.beginTransaction();
// 以HQL语句创建Query对象,HQL语句使用隐式连接
List pl = sess.createQuery("from Person p where p.myEvent.title > :title")
// 执行setString()方法为HQL语句的参数赋值
.setString("title", " ")
//Query调用list()方法访问查询的全部实例
.list();
// 遍历查询的全部结果
for (Object ele : pl)
{
Person p = (Person)ele;
System.out.println(p.getName());
}
// 提交事务
tx.commit();
HibernateUtil.closeSession();
}
// 第二个查询方法
private void findPersonsByHappenDate()throws Exception
{
// 获得Hibernate Session对象
Session sess = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
Transaction tx = sess.beginTransaction();
System.out.println("====第二个查询:开始通过日期查找人====");
// 以HQL语句创建Query对象,HQL语句使用显式连接
// 因为没有使用fetch关键字,所以返回List集合元素是被查询实体
List pl = sess.createQuery("select p from Person p left join "
+ "p.myEvent event where event.happenDate < :endDate")
.setDate("endDate",new Date())
.list();
// 遍历结果集
for (Object ele : pl)
{
Person p = (Person)ele;
System.out.println(p.getName());
// 因为执行HQL时没有使用fetch,
// 所以只能在Session没有关闭时访问Person关联实体的属性
System.out.println(p.getMyEvent().getTitle());
}
tx.commit();
HibernateUtil.closeSession();
}
// 第三个查询方法,测试fetch关键字
private void findPersonsFetchMyEvent()throws Exception
{
// 获得Hibernate Session对象
Session sess = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
Transaction tx = sess.beginTransaction();
System.out.println("====第三个查询:测试fetch查询====");
// 以HQL语句创建Query对象,HQL语句使用显式连接
// 因为使用了fetch关键字,所以返回结果中已有包含关联实体
List pl = sess.createQuery("from Person p left join fetch "
+ "p.myEvent event where event.happenDate < :endDate")
.setDate("endDate",new Date())
.list();
tx.commit();
HibernateUtil.closeSession();
// 遍历结果集
for (Object ele : pl)
{
Person p = (Person)ele;
System.out.println(p.getName());
// 因为HQL语句中使用了fecth关键字
// 所以可以在Session关闭后访问Person关联实体的属性
System.out.println(p.getMyEvent().getTitle());
}
}
}
四 数据库脚本
drop database if exists hibernate;
create database hibernate;
use hibernate;
CREATE TABLE event_inf (
event_id int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
happenDate date default NULL,
title varchar(255) default NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (event_id)
);
INSERT INTO event_inf VALUES
(1,'2004-10-03','很高兴的事情'),
(2,'2005-10-03','很普通的事情'),
(3,'2004-10-04','疯狂Java筹备中'),
(4,'2005-10-05','疯狂Java开始培训');
CREATE TABLE person_inf (
person_id int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
name varchar(255) default NULL,
age int(11) default NULL,
event_id int(11),
PRIMARY KEY (person_id),
FOREIGN KEY (event_id) REFERENCES event_inf(event_id)
);
INSERT INTO person_inf VALUES
(1,'crazyit.org',30 , 1),
(2,'老朱',30 , 1);
CREATE TABLE person_email (
person_id int(11) NOT NULL,
email varchar(255) default NULL,
KEY FKECD3B632CC53FFDC (person_id),
FOREIGN KEY (person_id) REFERENCES person_inf (person_id)
);
INSERT INTO person_email VALUES
(1,'crazyit@crazyit.org'),
(1,'crazyit@fkit.com'),
(2,'dddd@163.com'),
(2,'vvvvvv@163.com');
五 测试
Hibernate:
select
person0_.person_id as person_i1_2_,
person0_.age as age2_2_,
person0_.event_id as event_id4_2_,
person0_.name as name3_2_
from
person_inf person0_ cross
join
event_inf myevent1_
where
person0_.event_id=myevent1_.event_id
and myevent1_.title>?
Hibernate:
select
myevent0_.event_id as event_id1_0_0_,
myevent0_.happenDate as happenDa2_0_0_,
myevent0_.title as title3_0_0_
from
event_inf myevent0_
where
myevent0_.event_id=?
crazyit.org
老朱
====第二个查询:开始通过日期查找人====
Hibernate:
select
person0_.person_id as person_i1_2_,
person0_.age as age2_2_,
person0_.event_id as event_id4_2_,
person0_.name as name3_2_
from
person_inf person0_
left outer join
event_inf myevent1_
on person0_.event_id=myevent1_.event_id
where
myevent1_.happenDate<?
Hibernate:
select
myevent0_.event_id as event_id1_0_0_,
myevent0_.happenDate as happenDa2_0_0_,
myevent0_.title as title3_0_0_
from
event_inf myevent0_
where
myevent0_.event_id=?
crazyit.org
很高兴的事情
老朱
很高兴的事情
====第三个查询:测试fetch查询====
Hibernate:
select
person0_.person_id as person_i1_2_0_,
myevent1_.event_id as event_id1_0_1_,
person0_.age as age2_2_0_,
person0_.event_id as event_id4_2_0_,
person0_.name as name3_2_0_,
myevent1_.happenDate as happenDa2_0_1_,
myevent1_.title as title3_0_1_
from
person_inf person0_
left outer join
event_inf myevent1_
on person0_.event_id=myevent1_.event_id
where
myevent1_.happenDate<?
crazyit.org
很高兴的事情
老朱
很高兴的事情