svm解决回归问题

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from sklearn.datasets import load_diabetes
from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error, mean_absolute_error
from sklearn.model_selection import RandomizedSearchCV, train_test_split
from sklearn.svm import SVR
from scipy.stats import randint
import time

# 加载糖尿病数据集
diabetes_data = load_diabetes()
X = diabetes_data.data
y = diabetes_data.target

# 将数据集分割为训练集和测试集
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2, random_state=42)

# 定义参数网格
# 重新定义参数网格
param_dist = {
    'C': randint(1, 100),
    'gamma': ['scale', 'auto'],
    'kernel': ['linear', 'rbf', 'poly']
}


# 创建支持向量机回归模型
svm_regressor = SVR()
start_time = time.time()
# 使用随机搜索进行参数调优
random_search = RandomizedSearchCV\
    (estimator=svm_regressor, param_distributions=param_dist, n_iter=10, cv=5, scoring='neg_mean_squared_error')
random_search.fit(X_train, y_train)
end_time = time.time()
# 输出最优参数和对应的评分
print("最优参数：", random_search.best_params_)
print("最优评分：", -random_search.best_score_)
training_time = end_time - start_time
print("训练时间：", training_time, "秒")
# 使用最优参数重新训练模型
best_svm_regressor = random_search.best_estimator_
best_svm_regressor.fit(X_train, y_train)

# 预测测试集结果
y_pred = best_svm_regressor.predict(X_test)
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimSun', 'Songti SC', 'Microsoft YaHei']
# 绘制实际值与预测值之间的关系
plt.scatter(y_test, y_pred)
plt.xlabel("实际值")
plt.ylabel("预测值")
plt.title("实际值 vs. 预测值")
# 计算并绘制趋势线或回归线
trendline_x = np.linspace(np.min(y_test), np.max(y_test), 100)
trendline_y = trendline_x
plt.plot(trendline_x, trendline_y, color='red')
plt.show()


# 计算均方误差（MSE）
mse = mean_squared_error(y_test, y_pred)
print("均方误差（MSE）：", mse)

# 计算均方根误差（RMSE）
rmse = mean_squared_error(y_test, y_pred, squared=False)
print("均方根误差（RMSE）：", rmse)

# 计算平均绝对误差（MAE）
mae = mean_absolute_error(y_test, y_pred)
print("平均绝对误差（MAE）：", mae)

# 计算决定系数（R^2）
r_squared = best_svm_regressor.score(X_test, y_test)
print("决定系数（R^2）：", r_squared)