Linux CMakeLists编写之静态库

1 概述

  编译工具有很多(make/cmake/BJam)。cmake是跨平台，使用cmake编译需要编写CMakeLists.txt。本文编写CMakeLists.txt来生成C++静态库。

2 文件命名

文件命名为CMakeLists.txt,是一个文本文件,可以使用任何编辑器编辑。
本文使用cmake程序版本:

$cmake --version
cmake version 3.16.3

CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake)

3 实例

这里以CppCmd库代码为例，代码目录结构：

cppcmd$ tree
.
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── cmdhelper.h
├── cmdio.cpp
├── cmdio.h
├── cppcmd.cpp
└── inc
    └── cppcmd.h

1 directory, 6 files

CMakeLists.txt文件如下:

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.13)

set(CPPCMD_VERSION 1.0.0)
project(cppcmd VERSION ${CPPCMD_VERSION} LANGUAGES CXX)
set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib)

include_directories(./inc)
file(GLOB SRC *.cpp)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++11")

add_library(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SRC})

编译结果:

cppcmd$ mkdir build
cppcmd$ cd build/
build$ cmake ..
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 10.5.0
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/james/git/cppcmdv1.0.0/cppcmd/build
james@DESKTOP-GNG18AT:build$ make
Scanning dependencies of target cppcmd
[ 33%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/cppcmd.dir/cmdio.cpp.o
[ 66%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/cppcmd.dir/cppcmd.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX static library lib/libcppcmd.a
[100%] Built target cppcmd

说明:

• 编译生成静态库libcpptes.a文件放在build/lib目录下
• 编译生成.o放在build/CMakeFiles/cppcmd.dir/目录下

4 代码分析

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.13)                        # 设置使用cmake的最小版本，这里最小版本是3.12

set(CPPCMD_VERSION 1.0.0)                                   # 设置变量CPPCMD_VERSION，其值为1.0.0
project(cppcmd VERSION ${CPPCMD_VERSION} LANGUAGES CXX)     # 设置工程名称，版本，开发语言
set(CMAKE_ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib) # 设置库文件输出路径为build/lib

include_directories(./inc)                                  # 设置include路径，这里是当前路径下inc目录
file(GLOB SRC *.cpp)                                        # 行设置要编译的源文件，这里将当前路径下所有cpp文件名称，放在变量SRC中
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++11")                           # 设置定义C++编译选项，C++使用C++11标准

add_library(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SRC})                         # 设置静态库名称及依赖的源文件