UE4之控制相机

参考：

https://docs.unrealengine.com/zh-CN/Programming/Tutorials/PlayerCamera/index.html

备注：

官方的例子直接拷贝代码，运行不过，需要稍微修改一下。

先上代码，再介绍一下步骤

.h文件

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "GameFramework/Pawn.h"
#include "GameFramework/SpringArmComponent.h"
#include "Camera/CameraComponent.h"
#include "PawnWithCamera.generated.h"

UCLASS()
class PLUGINS_ME_API APawnWithCamera : public APawn
{
	GENERATED_BODY()

public:
	// Sets default values for this pawn's properties
	APawnWithCamera();

protected:
	// Called when the game starts or when spawned
	virtual void BeginPlay() override;

public:	
	// Called every frame
	virtual void Tick(float DeltaTime) override;

	// Called to bind functionality to input
	virtual void SetupPlayerInputComponent(class UInputComponent* PlayerInputComponent) override;

protected:
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere)
	USpringArmComponent* OurCameraSpringArm;
	UCameraComponent* OurCamera;

	//输入变量
	FVector2D MovementInput;
	FVector2D CameraInput;
	float ZoomFactor;
	bool bZoomingIn;

	//输入函数
	void MoveForward(float AxisValue);
	void MoveRight(float AxisValue);
	void PitchCamera(float AxisValue);
	void YawCamera(float AxisValue);
	void ZoomIn();
	void ZoomOut();

};

.cpp文件

// Fill out your copyright notice in the Description page of Project Settings.

#include "PawnWithCamera.h"

// Sets default values
APawnWithCamera::APawnWithCamera()
{
 	// Set this pawn to call Tick() every frame.  You can turn this off to improve performance if you don't need it.
	PrimaryActorTick.bCanEverTick = true;

	//创建组件
	RootComponent = CreateDefaultSubobject<USceneComponent>(TEXT("RootComponent"));
	OurCameraSpringArm = CreateDefaultSubobject<USpringArmComponent>(TEXT("CameraSpringArm"));
	OurCameraSpringArm->SetupAttachment(RootComponent);
	OurCameraSpringArm->SetRelativeLocationAndRotation(FVector(0.0f, 0.0f, 50.0f), FRotator(-60.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
	OurCameraSpringArm->TargetArmLength = 400.f;
	OurCameraSpringArm->bEnableCameraLag = true;
	OurCameraSpringArm->CameraLagSpeed = 3.0f;
	OurCamera = CreateDefaultSubobject<UCameraComponent>(TEXT("GameCamera"));
	OurCamera->SetupAttachment(OurCameraSpringArm, USpringArmComponent::SocketName);

	//控制默认玩家
	AutoPossessPlayer = EAutoReceiveInput::Player0;

}

// Called when the game starts or when spawned
void APawnWithCamera::BeginPlay()
{
	Super::BeginPlay();
	
}

// Called every frame
void APawnWithCamera::Tick(float DeltaTime)
{
	Super::Tick(DeltaTime);

	//按下ZoomIn按钮时放大，松开时恢复
	{
		if (bZoomingIn)
		{
			ZoomFactor += DeltaTime / 0.5f;         //Zoom in over half a second
		}
		else
		{
			ZoomFactor -= DeltaTime / 0.25f;        //缩小四分之一秒
		}
		ZoomFactor = FMath::Clamp<float>(ZoomFactor, 0.0f, 1.0f);
		//基于ZoomFactor混合相机的FOV和SpringArm长度
		OurCamera->FieldOfView = FMath::Lerp<float>(90.0f, 60.0f, ZoomFactor);
		OurCameraSpringArm->TargetArmLength = FMath::Lerp<float>(400.0f, 300.0f, ZoomFactor);
	}

	//旋转Actor的Yaw，由于已与其附加，因此将转动相机
	{
		FRotator NewRotation = GetActorRotation();
		NewRotation.Yaw += CameraInput.X;
		SetActorRotation(NewRotation);
	}

	//旋转相机的Pitch，但进行限制，因此视觉固定朝下
	{
		FRotator NewRotation = OurCameraSpringArm->GetComponentRotation();
		NewRotation.Pitch = FMath::Clamp(NewRotation.Pitch + CameraInput.Y, -80.0f, -15.0f);
		OurCameraSpringArm->SetWorldRotation(NewRotation);
	}

	//根据"MoveX"和"MoveY"轴处理移动
	{
		if (!MovementInput.IsZero())
		{
			//以100单位/秒缩放移动输入轴值
			MovementInput = MovementInput.GetSafeNormal() * 100.0f;
			FVector NewLocation = GetActorLocation();
			NewLocation += GetActorForwardVector() * MovementInput.X * DeltaTime;
			NewLocation += GetActorRightVector() * MovementInput.Y * DeltaTime;
			SetActorLocation(NewLocation);
		}
	}

}

// 调用以将功能与输入绑定
void APawnWithCamera::SetupPlayerInputComponent(class UInputComponent* PlayerInputComponent)
{
	Super::SetupPlayerInputComponent(PlayerInputComponent);

	//连接"ZoomIn"的事件
	PlayerInputComponent->BindAction("ZoomIn", IE_Pressed, this, &APawnWithCamera::ZoomIn);
	PlayerInputComponent->BindAction("ZoomIn", IE_Released, this, &APawnWithCamera::ZoomOut);

	//连接四个轴的逐帧处理
	PlayerInputComponent->BindAxis("MoveForward", this, &APawnWithCamera::MoveForward);
	PlayerInputComponent->BindAxis("MoveRight", this, &APawnWithCamera::MoveRight);
	PlayerInputComponent->BindAxis("CameraPitch", this, &APawnWithCamera::PitchCamera);
	PlayerInputComponent->BindAxis("CameraYaw", this, &APawnWithCamera::YawCamera);
}

//输入函数
void APawnWithCamera::MoveForward(float AxisValue)
{
	if (0.0f != AxisValue)
	{
		GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 0.5, FColor::Blue, "MoveForward AxisValue:" + FString::SanitizeFloat(AxisValue));
	}
	MovementInput.X = FMath::Clamp<float>(AxisValue, -1.0f, 1.0f);
}

void APawnWithCamera::MoveRight(float AxisValue)
{
	MovementInput.Y = FMath::Clamp<float>(AxisValue, -1.0f, 1.0f);
}

void APawnWithCamera::PitchCamera(float AxisValue)
{
	if (0.0f != AxisValue)
	{
		GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 0.5, FColor::Blue, "MoveForward PitchCamera:" + FString::SanitizeFloat(AxisValue));
	}
	CameraInput.Y = AxisValue;
}

void APawnWithCamera::YawCamera(float AxisValue)
{
	if (0.0f != AxisValue)
	{
		GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 0.5, FColor::Blue, "MoveForward YawCamera:" + FString::SanitizeFloat(AxisValue));
	}
	CameraInput.X = AxisValue;
}

void APawnWithCamera::ZoomIn()
{
	bZoomingIn = true;
}

void APawnWithCamera::ZoomOut()
{
	bZoomingIn = false;
}

 

重点解读：

按键映射：

 相机的移动操作都是在tick里面进行业务逻辑

关键代码解释一下：

ZoomFactor = FMath::Clamp<float>(ZoomFactor, 0.0f, 1.0f);     控制ZoomFactor的值在0.0到1.0之间

OurCamera->FieldOfView = FMath::Lerp<float>(90.0f, 60.0f, ZoomFactor); 60--90之间的线性差值，相当于摄像机的镜头拉近拉远

OurCameraSpringArm->TargetArmLength = FMath::Lerp<float>(400.0f, 300.0f, ZoomFactor);  弹簧拉近拉远

MovementInput.GetSafeNormal()：获取角色运动的方向，单位为1

初始化的函数在解释一下

	//创建组件
	RootComponent = CreateDefaultSubobject<USceneComponent>(TEXT("RootComponent"));
	OurCameraSpringArm = CreateDefaultSubobject<USpringArmComponent>(TEXT("CameraSpringArm"));
	OurCameraSpringArm->SetupAttachment(RootComponent);
	OurCameraSpringArm->SetRelativeLocationAndRotation(FVector(0.0f, 0.0f, 50.0f), FRotator(-60.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
	OurCameraSpringArm->TargetArmLength = 400.f;
	OurCameraSpringArm->bEnableCameraLag = true;
	OurCameraSpringArm->CameraLagSpeed = 3.0f;
	OurCamera = CreateDefaultSubobject<UCameraComponent>(TEXT("GameCamera"));
	OurCamera->SetupAttachment(OurCameraSpringArm, USpringArmComponent::SocketName);

	//控制默认玩家
	AutoPossessPlayer = EAutoReceiveInput::Player0;

画个流程图：

根节点组件包含弹簧节点组件再包含摄像机节点组件。

 最后使用的时候，记得把Pawn拖动进蓝图里面

 在这里调整初始化的位置：