桥模式

结构

桥模式强调接口与实现的解耦

具体操作

1. 确定域中是否存在两个正交维度。这些概念可以是：抽象/平台，域/基础设施，前端/后端或接口/实现
2. 思考客户想要什么，平台提供什么
3. 设计一个面向平台的接口。它的目的是将抽象与平台分离
4. 为每个平台定义该接口的派生类
5. 创建一个“has”平台对象的抽象基类，并将面向平台的功能委托给它
6. 如果需要的话，定义抽象类的特化

案例

#include <iostream.h>
#include <iomanip.h>
#include <string.h>

class TimeImp {
  public:
    TimeImp(int hr, int min) {
        hr_ = hr;
        min_ = min;
    }
    virtual void tell() {
        cout << "time is " << setw(2) << setfill(48) << hr_ << min_ << endl;
    }
  protected:
    int hr_, min_;
};

class CivilianTimeImp: public TimeImp {
  public:
    CivilianTimeImp(int hr, int min, int pm): TimeImp(hr, min) {
        if (pm)
          strcpy(whichM_, " PM");
        else
          strcpy(whichM_, " AM");
    }

    /* virtual */
    void tell() {
        cout << "time is " << hr_ << ":" << min_ << whichM_ << endl;
    }
  protected:
    char whichM_[4];
};

class ZuluTimeImp: public TimeImp {
  public:
    ZuluTimeImp(int hr, int min, int zone): TimeImp(hr, min) {
        if (zone == 5)
          strcpy(zone_, " Eastern Standard Time");
        else if (zone == 6)
          strcpy(zone_, " Central Standard Time");
    }

    /* virtual */
    void tell() {
        cout << "time is " << setw(2) << setfill(48) << hr_ << min_ << zone_ <<
          endl;
    }
  protected:
    char zone_[30];
};

class Time {
  public:
    Time(){}
    Time(int hr, int min) {
        imp_ = new TimeImp(hr, min);
    }
    virtual void tell() {
        imp_->tell();
    }
  protected:
    TimeImp *imp_;
};

class CivilianTime: public Time {
  public:
    CivilianTime(int hr, int min, int pm) {
        imp_ = new CivilianTimeImp(hr, min, pm);
    }
};

class ZuluTime: public Time {
  public:
    ZuluTime(int hr, int min, int zone) {
        imp_ = new ZuluTimeImp(hr, min, zone);
    }
};

int main() {
  Time *times[3];
  times[0] = new Time(14, 30);
  times[1] = new CivilianTime(2, 30, 1);
  times[2] = new ZuluTime(14, 30, 6);
  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    times[i]->tell();
}

Output

time is 1430
time is 2:30 PM
time is 1430 Central Standard Time