一些编程题目

第一题

1. 任意给定一组数字value（0≤valve≤100.00），数量为2n（5≤n≤10），将数组分为两组A,B满足如下条件：

       a)数组A,B数量均为n;

                   

        b)数组B满足。

        c)当给定 SUM=s 和 WEA=wa 时，分别求出数组A, B。

2.  数据结构

No.	A	B
1	A1	B1
2	A2	B2
3	A3	B3
4	A4	B4
5	A5	B5
6	A6	B6
7	A7	B7
8	A8	B8
	SUM	WEA

3. 下面是给定一组：value=[1.62,2.13,2.55,3.46,5.17,8.23,10.69,11.55,15.50,20.14,25.50,34.28,42.94,46.15,52.91,79.64]；

        a)给定s=100.00，wa=20.50324时，求出满足上述条件的数组A，B。

        b)当|1-SUM/s|≤，|1-WEA/wa|≤ 即视为满足条件，m为value的小数位数。

        c)结果可能不唯一，求出一组值即可。

4. 你可以自己模拟一组值，满足上述条件即可，再去编写算法。

解法：首先把value 分为两组，使得A组的和为 s = 100。然后B就确定了，因为从小到大排列。然后遍历A，与B 加权求和等于固定值。

import itertools

value = [1.62,2.13,2.55,3.46,5.17,8.23,10.69,11.55,15.50,20.14,25.50,34.28,42.94,46.15,52.91,79.64]
s = 100
wa = 20.50324
# wa  = 30
m = 32
e1 = pow(10, -(2*m+1))
e2 = pow(10, -(3*m+1))
n = len(value)
for i in range(1,n+1):
    data = itertools.combinations(value, i)
    for val in data:
        if abs(sum(val) - s) <= e1:
            value_sub1 = val   # sum = 100
            sum_ = sum(val)
            print("组合:{}元素相加等于{}".format(val, s))


def array_diff(a, b):
    #创建数组在，且数组元素在a不在b中
    return b, [x for x in a if x not in b]

value_sub1, value_sub2 = array_diff(value, list(value_sub1))

mul_add = 0
st = False
from itertools import permutations
for p in permutations(value_sub1):
    # print(p)
    for a, b in zip(p, value_sub2):
        # print(a, b)
        mul_add += a * b
    if abs(1-mul_add/sum_/wa) <= e2:
        print('差值：', abs(1-mul_add/sum_/wa))
        st = True
        break
    mul_add = 0

if st:
    print("找到了！", p)
else:
    print("没找到！", p)

print("最终结果：", "A=", p, ", B=", value_sub2)

显然穷举不是一个好的方法，但是是可行的。有大佬有别的解决方案欢迎私信。

第二题

1. 

No.	A	B	C	D
1	A1	B1	C1	D1
2	A2	B2	C2	D2
3	A3	B3	C3	D3
4	A4	B4	C4	D4
5	A5	B5	C5	D5
6	A6	B6	C6	D6
7	A7	B7	C7	D7
8	A8	B8	C8	D8
n	An	Bn	Cn	Dn

1. 给出1000-10000组数据A,B,C,D，训练模型。另给出20组ABC预测D，来验证模型。
2. 数据见 链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1aWYNskLHURoX8ITrOC6JZw 提取码: 94nf 。

解法：使用sklearn 的多元线性回归建模即可。

训练：

#1. 导入需要的模块和库

from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression as LR
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

#2. 导入数据，探索数据
data_file = 'data.xlsx'
df_train = pd.read_excel(data_file)[0:10000]
x = df_train[['A', 'B', 'C']]
y = df_train[['D']]
print(x.shape)

#3. 分训练集和测试集
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(x, y, test_size=0.2, random_state=420)

print('X_train.shape={}\n y_train.shape ={}\n X_test.shape={}\n,  y_test.shape={}'.format(X_train.shape,y_train.shape,X_test.shape, y_test.shape))
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
#4. 建模
model = LR().fit(X_train, y_train)
print(model)
y_pred  = model.predict(X_test)

sum_mean = 0
for i in range(len(y_pred)):
    sum_mean += (y_pred[i] - y_test.values[i]) ** 2
sum_erro = np.sqrt(sum_mean /len(y_pred))  # 测试级的数量
# calculate RMSE
print ("RMSE by hand:", sum_erro)
# 做ROC曲线
plt.figure()
plt.plot(range(len(y_pred)), y_pred, 'b', label="predict")
plt.plot(range(len(y_pred)), y_test, 'r', label="test")
plt.legend(loc="upper right")  # 显示图中的标签
plt.xlabel("the number of sales")
plt.ylabel('value of sales')
plt.show()


#5. 探索建好的模型
#reg.coef_ 参数w1,w2.....wn
print(model.coef_)

#截距  reg.intercept_
print(model.intercept_)

预测：

import csv
import pandas as pd 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

## 预测
data_file = 'data.xlsx'
df = pd.read_excel(data_file)[10009:]
print(df)
#利用方程进行拟合 对比 并存储数据到data2.csv
pd_data = df
sam=[]
a=['A','B','C','D']
dic={}
for i in a:
    y = pd_data.loc[:, i]
    dic[i] = list(y)  # 归一化
print(dic)
for i in range(len(dic['D'])):
    x = 7856. + float(dic['A'][i])*-1.05000000e+02 + float(dic['B'][i])*5.32907052e-15 + float(dic['C'][i]) * -8.90000000e+01
    sam.append(x)

with open('data2.csv', 'w') as file:
    writer = csv.writer(file)
    writer.writerow(['D','Predictive value'])
    for i in range(len(sam)):
        writer.writerow([dic['D'][i], sam[i]])
print('完毕')
pd_data=pd.read_csv('data2.csv')
pd_data.plot()
plt.show()