Ubuntu 18.04 安装 CUDA 9.1

安装GCC/G++ - 5

Ubuntu18.04默认GCC-7.3.0，由于CUDA 9.1未支持GCC-7，所以需要安装低版本的5或者<= 6.3.0，并设置为默认版本

sudo apt install gcc-5 g++-5

# 设置默认版本
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-5 50 --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-5
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-7 70 --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-7
sudo update-alternatives --config gcc

此时选择gcc-5为默认版本，输入2：

There are 2 choices for the alternative gcc (providing /usr/bin/gcc).

  Selection    Path            Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0            /usr/bin/gcc-7   70        auto mode
  1            /usr/bin/gcc-5   50        manual mode
  2            /usr/bin/gcc-7   70        manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 

检查默认GCC版本

gcc --version

安装NVIDIA驱动

单独安装成功率较高且可以安装最新的驱动

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nvidia-390

安装完成后重启，可以确认一下版本

$ cat /proc/driver/nvidia/version
 
NVRM version: NVIDIA UNIX x86_64 Kernel Module  390.48  Thu Mar 22 00:42:57 PDT 2018
GCC version:  gcc version 6.4.0 20180424 (Ubuntu 6.4.0-17ubuntu1) 

安装CUDA

下载Ubuntu 17.04版本的cuda_9.1.85_387.26_linux.run，安装时，跳过安装驱动部分。
设置环境变量(用bush则是.bushrc， zsh则是.zshrc)

echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-9.1/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.zshrc
echo 'export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-9.1/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH' >> ~/.zshrc

检查

$ nvidia-smi

Sun Apr 29 18:01:43 2018       
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 390.48                 Driver Version: 390.48                    |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  GeForce GTX 960M    Off  | 00000000:01:00.0 Off |                  N/A |
| N/A   63C    P8    N/A /  N/A |    474MiB /  2004MiB |      0%      Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
                                                                               
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                       GPU Memory |
|  GPU       PID   Type   Process name                             Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|    0      1019      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                            24MiB |
|    0      1119      G   /usr/bin/gnome-shell                          48MiB |
|    0      1380      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                           155MiB |
|    0      1606      G   /usr/bin/gnome-shell                         162MiB |
|    0      2661      G   ...-token=1EB02DD7413DCE134FBD8EDB1260A396    72MiB |
|    0     10203      G   ...are/jetbrains-toolbox/jetbrains-toolbox     5MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

$ nvcc -V

nvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driver
Copyright (c) 2005-2017 NVIDIA Corporation
Built on Fri_Nov__3_21:07:56_CDT_2017
Cuda compilation tools, release 9.1, V9.1.85

确认CUDA工作

找到samples，一般在home目录下

cd ~/NVIDIA_CUDA-9.1_Samples/
make

等待编译完成，

cd ./bin/x86_64/linux/release 

使用deviceQuery 或 bandwidthTest测试

$ ./deviceQuery

./deviceQuery Starting...

 CUDA Device Query (Runtime API) version (CUDART static linking)

Detected 1 CUDA Capable device(s)

Device 0: "GeForce GTX 960M"
  CUDA Driver Version / Runtime Version          9.1 / 9.1
  CUDA Capability Major/Minor version number:    5.0
  Total amount of global memory:                 2004 MBytes (2101870592 bytes)
  ( 5) Multiprocessors, (128) CUDA Cores/MP:     640 CUDA Cores
  GPU Max Clock rate:                            1176 MHz (1.18 GHz)
  Memory Clock rate:                             2505 Mhz
  Memory Bus Width:                              128-bit
  L2 Cache Size:                                 2097152 bytes
  Maximum Texture Dimension Size (x,y,z)         1D=(65536), 2D=(65536, 65536), 3D=(4096, 4096, 4096)
  Maximum Layered 1D Texture Size, (num) layers  1D=(16384), 2048 layers
  Maximum Layered 2D Texture Size, (num) layers  2D=(16384, 16384), 2048 layers
  Total amount of constant memory:               65536 bytes
  Total amount of shared memory per block:       49152 bytes
  Total number of registers available per block: 65536
  Warp size:                                     32
  Maximum number of threads per multiprocessor:  2048
  Maximum number of threads per block:           1024
  Max dimension size of a thread block (x,y,z): (1024, 1024, 64)
  Max dimension size of a grid size    (x,y,z): (2147483647, 65535, 65535)
  Maximum memory pitch:                          2147483647 bytes
  Texture alignment:                             512 bytes
  Concurrent copy and kernel execution:          Yes with 1 copy engine(s)
  Run time limit on kernels:                     Yes
  Integrated GPU sharing Host Memory:            No
  Support host page-locked memory mapping:       Yes
  Alignment requirement for Surfaces:            Yes
  Device has ECC support:                        Disabled
  Device supports Unified Addressing (UVA):      Yes
  Supports Cooperative Kernel Launch:            No
  Supports MultiDevice Co-op Kernel Launch:      No
  Device PCI Domain ID / Bus ID / location ID:   0 / 1 / 0
  Compute Mode:
     < Default (multiple host threads can use ::cudaSetDevice() with device simultaneously) >

deviceQuery, CUDA Driver = CUDART, CUDA Driver Version = 9.1, CUDA Runtime Version = 9.1, NumDevs = 1
Result = PASS

或

$ ./bandwidthTest

[CUDA Bandwidth Test] - Starting...
Running on...

 Device 0: GeForce GTX 960M
 Quick Mode

 Host to Device Bandwidth, 1 Device(s)
 PINNED Memory Transfers
   Transfer Size (Bytes)	Bandwidth(MB/s)
   33554432			12339.9

 Device to Host Bandwidth, 1 Device(s)
 PINNED Memory Transfers
   Transfer Size (Bytes)	Bandwidth(MB/s)
   33554432			11720.0

 Device to Device Bandwidth, 1 Device(s)
 PINNED Memory Transfers
   Transfer Size (Bytes)	Bandwidth(MB/s)
   33554432			65699.6

Result = PASS

NOTE: The CUDA Samples are not meant for performance measurements. Results may vary when GPU Boost is enabled.

CuDNN

在官网下载.deb安装包直接安装即可。