PCIE知识点-003：PCIE协议中的upstream概念

1、协议Upstream 的概念

协议对upstream的概念描述如下

1)The relative position of an interconnect/System Element (Port/component) that is closer to the Root Complex. The Port on a Switch that is closest topologically to the Root Complex is the Upstream Port. The Port on a component that contains only Endpoint or Bridge Functions is an Upstream Port. The Upstream component on a Link is the component closer to the Root Complex.

2). A direction of information flow where the information is flowing towards the Root Complex.

可以看出upstream存在两种含义：

1. 端口的概念：拓扑结构中更接近RC的端口
   1. 在switch中，更接近RC的端口是upstream port
   2. 只包含Endpoint or Bridge Functions的端口也是upstream port
2. 数据流向的概念：信息流向RC的方向

2、协议中对upstream的常见描述

in the Upstream direction：向着RC方向

This bit controls forwarding of Memory or I/O Requests by a Port in the Upstream direction.

端口向着RC方向传输Poisoned请求

Port transmits a Poisoned Request Upstream

协议中对Switch upstream port的几种描述如下：

Switch Upstream Ports

Upstream Port of PCI Express Switch

Upstream Ports of Switches

NOTE:协议中Upstream Port的概念包含：Switch Upstream Port和endpoint