PCIE知识点-006：PCIE的寄存器属性

本文寄存器描述摘自PCI Express Base Specification Revision 5.0, Version 1.0

描述了PCIE 配置寄存器的属性特征

Register Attribute	Description
HwInit	Hardware Initialized - 硬件初始化 Register bits are permitted, as an implementation option, to he hard-coded, initialized by system/device firmware, or initialized by hardware mechanisms such as pin strapping or nonvolatile storage（非易失存储器）. Initialization by system firmware is permitted only for system-integrated devices. Bits must be fixed in value and read-only after initialization. After Initialization, values are only permitted to change following Conventional Reset (see Section 6.6.1 ) and subsequent re-initialization. HwInit 寄存器不会被FLR修改
RO	Read-only - 只读 Register bits are read-only and cannot be altered by software. Where explicitly defined, these bits are used to reflect changing hardware state, and as a result bit values can be observed to change at run time.134 Register bit default values and bits that cannot change value at run time, are permitted to be hard-coded, initialized by system/ device firmware, or initialized by hardware mechanisms such as pin strapping or nonvolatile storage. Initialization by system firmware is permitted only for system-integrated devices.If the optional feature that would Set the bits is not implemented, the bits are hardwired to 0b.
RW	Read-Write - Register bits are read-write and are permitted to be either Set or Cleared by software to the desired state. 如果与此bits关联的optional feature 没有实现，则此比特位只读且此硬接线为0b
RW1C	Write-1-to-clear status - Register bits indicate status when read. A Set bit indicates a status event which is Cleared by writing a 1b. 写0b则不会有任何影响. 置位此bit的 optional feature 没有实现，则此bit is read-only and hardwired to 0b.
ROS	Sticky - Read-only 寄存器比特只读并且不会被软件修改修改.如果device中对应的optional feature 没有实现，则此硬接线为0b. Bits are neither initialized nor modified by hot reset or FLR. Where noted, devices that consume auxiliary power must preserve sticky register bit values when auxiliary power consumption (via either Aux Power PM Enable or PME_En) is enabled. In these cases, register bits are neither initialized nor modified by hot, warm, or cold reset (see Section 6.6 ). 存在辅助电源的时候，sticky寄存器的值要保持
RWS	Sticky - Read-Write - Register bits are read-write and are Set or Cleared by software to the desired state. Bits are neither initialized nor modified by hot reset or FLR.136If the optional feature that is associated with the bits is not implemented, the bits are permitted to be hardwired to 0b.Where noted, devices that consume auxiliary power must preserve sticky register bit values when auxiliary power consumption (via either Aux Power PM Enable or PME_En) is enabled. In these cases, register bits are neither initialized nor modified by hot, warm, or cold reset (see Section 6.6 ). 存在辅助电源的时候，sticky寄存器的值要保持
RW1CS	Sticky - Write-1-to-clear status - Register bits indicate status when read. A Set bit indicates a status event which is Cleared by writing a 1b. Writing a 0b to RW1CS bits has no effect. If the optional feature that would Set the bit is not implemented, the bit is read-only and hardwired to 0b. Bits are neither initialized nor modified by hot reset or FLR.137Where noted, devices that consume auxiliary power must preserve sticky register bit values when auxiliary power consumption (via either Aux Power PM Enable or PME_En) is enabled. In these cases, register bits are neither initialized nor modified by hot, warm, or cold reset (see Section 6.6 ).
RsvdP	Reserved and Preserved - Reserved for future RW implementations. Register bits are read-only and must return zero when read. Software must preserve the value read for writes to bits.
RsvdZ	Reserved and Zero - Reserved for future RW1C implementations. Register bits are read-only and must return zero when read. Software must use 0b for writes to bits.