ESP32连接无源喇叭播放音乐

一、乐理准备

十二平均律（12-equal temperament）又称十二等程律。

一个八度分成12份，八个八度的十二平均音率对应的频率如下（从33Hz到7902Hz）。

相邻两个音之间的倍数是2^(1/12)，约等于1.0594630943592952645618252949463）。这样一来，高八度的do频率是低八度do的两倍。

频率与钢琴上的按键是对应的：

									C	C#	D	D#	E	F	F#	G	G#	A	A#	B	C	C#	D	D#	E	F	F#	G	G#	A	A#	B	C	C#	D	D#	E	F	F#	G	G#	A	A#	B	C	C#	D	D#	E	F	F#	G	G#	A	A#	B	C	C#	D	D#	E	F	F#	G	G#	A	A#	B	C	C#	D	D#	E	F	F#	G	G#	A	A#	B
33	35	37	39	41	44	46	49	52	55	58	62	65	69	73	78	82	87	92	98	104	110	117	123	131	139	147	156	165	175	185	196	208	220	233	247	262	277	294	311	330	349	370	392	415	440	466	494	523	554	587	622	659	698	740	784	831	880	932	988	1047	1109	1175	1245	1319	1397	1480	1568	1661	1760	1865	1976	2093	2217	2349	2489	2637	2794	2960	3135	3322	3520	3729	3951	4186	4435	4699	4978	5274	5588	5920	6272	6645	7040	7459	7902

我们把频率440赫兹作为中央C ，C调的歌就是把频率440赫兹当作do，乐谱中写作：1=C。

相邻的两个音之间的差一个半音，12345671之间的间隔分别是“全全半全全全半”。

D调的歌就是把从440后面第二个音494赫兹当作do，乐谱中写作1=D。

对应的频率就是：（0代表停顿）

831	740	622	740	988	831	740	831	0	0
622	740	831	740	622	494	440	740	622	554	0
554	622	740	740	831	622	554	494	0	0
740	622	554	494	440	494	392	0	0

 加上每个音的时长：

{831,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{622,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{988,0.3},	{831,0.15},	{740,0.15},	{831,0.4},	{0,0.3},	{0,0.3},
{622,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{831,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{622,0.3},	{494,0.15},	{440,0.15},	{740,0.15},	{622,0.15},	{554,0.4},	{0,0.3},
{554,0.3},	{622,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{831,0.3},	{622,0.15},	{554,0.15},	{494,0.4},	{0,0.3},	{0,0.3},
{740,0.3},	{622,0.3},	{554,0.15},	{494,0.15},	{440,0.15},	{494,0.15},	{392,0.5},	{0,0.3},	{0,0.3},

 

二、代码实现

用的ESP32 WROOM开发板。

struct YINFU{       //定义音符
  int    freq;
  float  Duration;
};

struct YINFU YUEPU[128]={//乐谱就是由音符结构体组成的数组
  {831,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{622,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{988,0.3},	{831,0.15},	{740,0.15},	{831,0.4},	{0,0.3},	{0,0.3},	
  {622,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{831,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{622,0.3},	{494,0.15},	{440,0.15},	{740,0.15},	{622,0.15},	{554,0.4},	{0,0.3},
  {554,0.3},	{622,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{831,0.3},	{622,0.15},	{554,0.15},	{494,0.4},	{0,0.3},	{0,0.3},	
  {740,0.3},	{622,0.3},	{554,0.15},	{494,0.15},	{440,0.15},	{494,0.15},	{392,0.5},	{0,0.3},	{0,0.3},		
		
};

完整代码如下：

//定义蜂鸣器控制管脚
#define beep_pin  25   //连无源喇叭

// float k=1.0594631;
struct YINFU{       //定义音符
  int    freq;
  float  Duration;
};
struct YINFU YUEPU[128]={
  {831,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{622,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{988,0.3},	{831,0.15},	{740,0.15},	{831,0.4},	{0,0.3},	{0,0.3},	
  {622,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{831,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{622,0.3},	{494,0.15},	{440,0.15},	{740,0.15},	{622,0.15},	{554,0.4},	{0,0.3},
  {554,0.3},	{622,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{740,0.3},	{831,0.3},	{622,0.15},	{554,0.15},	{494,0.4},	{0,0.3},	{0,0.3},	
  {740,0.3},	{622,0.3},	{554,0.15},	{494,0.15},	{440,0.15},	{494,0.15},	{392,0.5},	{0,0.3},	{0,0.3},		
		
};

void setup() {
  pinMode(beep_pin, OUTPUT);     //设置引脚为输出模式
}

void loop(){
  for(int k=0;k<128;k++){        //顺序演奏128音符
    float d=YUEPU[k].Duration; 
    for(int D=0;D<int(d*YUEPU[k].freq);D++){   //演奏YUEPU[k].freq的音符，时长=d
      if(YUEPU[k].freq != 0){    //演奏音符
        //频率转化为时间间隔,1秒=500000微秒*2。一半高电平，一半低电平，所以用500000/音符频率。
        int freq_to_us=int(500000/YUEPU[k].freq);
        digitalWrite(beep_pin,HIGH); //一半高电平
        delayMicroseconds(freq_to_us);
        digitalWrite(beep_pin,LOW);  //一半低电平
        delayMicroseconds(freq_to_us);
      }
      else{                     //停顿
        digitalWrite(beep_pin,LOW);  //低电平，不发声  
        delayMicroseconds(1000);
      }
    }
  }

}