Ubuntu 更换软件源为国内源

首先指出Ubuntu 20.04更换软件源的方法有两种：一种是更改sources.list配置文件，另外一种是使用Ubuntu 20.04自带的软件更新器进行软件源的更新。个人更推崇第二种方式更换软件源，操作方便。

一、更改sources.list配置文件更改软件源

1、备份初始软件源

备份初始软件源，并另存为 sources.list.backup。友情提醒，sources.list文件在目录 /etc/apt下面

sudo cp -v /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup

2、修改sources.list文件权限

执行chmod命令更改文件权限是为了方便sources.list文件可编辑

sudo chmod 666 /etc/apt/sources.list

3、使用gedit工具修改文件

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

复制相关软件源文件进sources.list并保存

相关软件源如下

1、清华源 

官方网址：ubuntu | 镜像站使用帮助 | 清华大学开源软件镜像站 | Tsinghua Open Source Mirror

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

2、中科大源

官方网址：Ubuntu 镜像使用帮助 - LUG @ USTC

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
 
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

3、阿里源

官方网址：ubuntu镜像-ubuntu下载地址-ubuntu安装教程-阿里巴巴开源镜像站

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

4、更改完成

更改软件源之后，在终端中输入以下指令，完成对本机软件列表和软件的更新。

sudo apt update 
sudo apt upgrade

二、使用ubuntu 20.04自带的软件更新器更换软件源

打开软件和更新，然后选择自己需要的软件源，关闭，就会重新载入。

执行完此步，在终端中输入

sudo apt update 
sudo apt upgrade