Android Introduce(I)concepts and NoteBook example

Android Introduce(I)concepts and NoteBook example

1. Open Handset Alliance
Consist of the system
View----->lists, grids, text boxes, buttons, web browser
Content Providers-----> access to other applications(for example, contact database)
Resource Manager----->
Notification Manager----->
Activity Manager ----->

Application lib
System C -----> libc for embedded linux
Media lib -----> MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG
Surface Manager ---->
LibWebCore -----> Web browser engine
SGL ------> 2D
3D libraries ----> 3D
FreeType -------> bitmap and vector
SQLite -----> database engine

Dalvik ----> .dex

2. Build Android Envirenment

3. Application Analytic
Activity
Sometimes one activity means one screen. One activity is one class which extends from base activity
(android.app.Activity). There are data send/receive between 2 screens/activities.

Intent
Action and Data.
Action: MAIN, VIEW, PICK, EDIT

Intent ------> IntentFilter ------> IntentReceiver

IntentReceiver
Service
Without activity, it will run in the system. Context.startService().

Content Provider
Share the data among in different applications

4. Dalvik Virtual Machine
android.app ---------->runtime envirement
android.content--------->access and publish the data
android.database------>db
android.graphics--------> diagram lib, point, line and others, draw them on screen
android.location -------->
android.media -----------> music, video
android.net ---------------->
android.os -----------------> system service, message transfer, IPC
android.opengl ---------> OpenGL tool
android.provider -------> content provider
android.telephony ----->
android.view --------------> look and feel
android.util ----------------> date and time util
android.webkit ---------->
android.widget ----------> UI

Java file ------> Class -------> Dex ------> apk

5. Android Source Codes HelloActivity
AndroidManifest.xml configuration file
layout/main.xml setContentView(R.layout.main);
values/strings.xml android:text="@string/hello"
R.java gen from the xml files under res

content of main.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/hello"/>
</LinearLayout>

steps in java sources:
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
//create the UI with codes
//TextView tv = new TextView(this);
//tv.setText("This is test about say hello to Carl!");
//setContentView(tv);
//create the UI with the help of XML file
setContentView(R.layout.main);
}

6. Priority of threads
front thread
Activities are using.
visual thread
for example, pause activity
service thread
backend thread
unvisual activity
empty thread

7. Get more steps on the HelloActivity, try to write a Note book
get the sample codes from here
http://www.chinaup.org/docs/intro/codelab/NotepadCodeLab.zip

Reading the code of Notepadv1
public class Notepadv1 extends ListActivity {
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState); //load the activity, show the page
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu); //draw the menu
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item);// menu was clicked
}

private static class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
DatabaseHelper(Context context) {
super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
}
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL(DATABASE_CREATE);
}
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
Log.w(TAG, "Upgrading database from version " + oldVersion + " to "
+ newVersion + ", which will destroy all old data");
db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS notes");
onCreate(db);
}
}

Reading the code of Notepadv2
public class Notepadv2 extends ListActivity {
//use intent to communicate with another activity
private void createNote() {
Intent i = new Intent(this, NoteEdit.class);
startActivityForResult(i, ACTIVITY_CREATE);
}

//send extra message to another activity
protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {
super.onListItemClick(l, v, position, id);
Cursor c = mNotesCursor;
c.moveToPosition(position);
Intent i = new Intent(this, NoteEdit.class);
i.putExtra(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_ROWID, id);
i.putExtra(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_TITLE, c.getString(
c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_TITLE)));
i.putExtra(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_BODY, c.getString(
c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_BODY)));
startActivityForResult(i, ACTIVITY_EDIT);
}
//get the message back from Bundle
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intent);
Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
switch(requestCode) {
case ACTIVITY_CREATE:
String title = extras.getString(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_TITLE);
String body = extras.getString(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_BODY);
mDbHelper.createNote(title, body);
fillData();
break;
case ACTIVITY_EDIT:
Long rowId = extras.getLong(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_ROWID);
if (rowId != null) {
String editTitle = extras.getString(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_TITLE);
String editBody = extras.getString(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_BODY);
mDbHelper.updateNote(rowId, editTitle, editBody);
}
fillData();
break;
}
}
}

public class NoteEdit extends Activity {
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...snip...
mTitleText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.title);
mBodyText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.body);
Button confirmButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.confirm);
mRowId = null;
Bundle extras = getIntent().getExtras();
if (extras != null) {
String title = extras.getString(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_TITLE);
String body = extras.getString(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_BODY);
mRowId = extras.getLong(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_ROWID);
if (title != null) {
mTitleText.setText(title);
}
if (body != null) {
mBodyText.setText(body);
}
}
confirmButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View view) {
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_TITLE, mTitleText.getText().toString());
bundle.putString(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_BODY, mBodyText.getText().toString());
if (mRowId != null) {
bundle.putLong(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_ROWID, mRowId);
}
Intent mIntent = new Intent();
mIntent.putExtras(bundle);
setResult(RESULT_OK, mIntent);
finish();
}
});
}
}

Reading the code of Notepadv3
Only send the id of the data, move the createNote database functions to NoteEdit.java
public class Notepadv3 extends ListActivity {
...snip...
private void createNote() {
Intent i = new Intent(this, NoteEdit.class);
startActivityForResult(i, ACTIVITY_CREATE);
}
protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {
super.onListItemClick(l, v, position, id);
Intent i = new Intent(this, NoteEdit.class);
i.putExtra(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_ROWID, id);
startActivityForResult(i, ACTIVITY_EDIT);
}
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode,
Intent intent) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intent);
fillData();
}
...snip...
}

public class NoteEdit extends Activity {
...snip...
mTitleText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.title);
mBodyText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.body);
Button confirmButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.confirm);
mRowId = savedInstanceState != null ? savedInstanceState.getLong(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_ROWID)
: null;
if (mRowId == null) {
Bundle extras = getIntent().getExtras();
mRowId = extras != null ? extras.getLong(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_ROWID) : null;
}
populateFields();
confirmButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View view) {
setResult(RESULT_OK);
finish();
}
});
}
private void populateFields() {
if (mRowId != null) {
Cursor note = mDbHelper.fetchNote(mRowId);
startManagingCursor(note);
mTitleText.setText(note.getString(note.getColumnIndexOrThrow(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_TITLE)));
mBodyText.setText(note.getString(note.getColumnIndexOrThrow(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_BODY)));
}
}
protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
outState.putLong(NotesDbAdapter.KEY_ROWID, mRowId);
}
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
saveState();
}
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
populateFields();
}
...snip...
}