Ue4 客户端与服务器交互的官方例子

ThirdPersonMPProjectile.h

// 版权所有 1998-2019 Epic Games, Inc。保留所有权利。

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "GameFramework/Actor.h"
#include "ThirdPersonMPProjectile.generated.h"

class UParticleSystem;
class UStaticMeshComponent;
class USphereComponent;
class UProjectileMovementComponent;
class UDamageType;

UCLASS()
class THIRDPERSONMP_API AThirdPersonMPProjectile : public AActor
{
    GENERATED_BODY()

public: 
    // 为此Actor的属性设置默认值
    AThirdPersonMPProjectile();

    // 此投射物的基本组件
    UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category="Components")
    USphereComponent* SphereComponent;
    UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category="Components")
    UStaticMeshComponent* StaticMesh;
    UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category="Components")
    UProjectileMovementComponent* ProjectileMovementComponent;
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, Category = "Effects")
    UParticleSystem* ExplosionEffect;

    //此投射物将造成的伤害类型和伤害。
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = "Damage")
    TSubclassOf<UDamageType> DamageType;
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category="Damage")
    float Damage;

protected:
    // 当游戏开始或生成时调用
    virtual void BeginPlay() override;

    UFUNCTION()
    void OnProjectileImpact(UPrimitiveComponent* HitComponent, AActor* OtherActor, UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, FVector NormalImpulse, const FHitResult& Hit);

    void Destroyed() override;

public: 
    // 每一帧调用
    virtual void Tick(float DeltaTime) override;
};

ThirdPersonMPProjectile.cpp

// 版权所有 1998-2019 Epic Games, Inc。保留所有权利。

#include "ThirdPersonMPProjectile.h"
#include "Components/SphereComponent.h"
#include "Components/StaticMeshComponent.h"
#include "GameFramework/ProjectileMovementComponent.h"
#include "GameFramework/DamageType.h"
#include "Particles/ParticleSystem.h"
#include "Kismet/GameplayStatics.h"
#include "UObject/ConstructorHelpers.h"
#include "IDamageInterface.h"

// 设置默认值
AThirdPersonMPProjectile::AThirdPersonMPProjectile()
{
    // 将此Actor设置为每一帧调用Tick()。如果不需要，可以关闭此选项来提高性能。
    PrimaryActorTick.bCanEverTick = true;

    bReplicates = true;

    DamageType = UDamageType::StaticClass();
    Damage = 10.0f;

    static ConstructorHelpers::FObjectFinder<UParticleSystem> DefaultExplosionEffect(TEXT("/Game/StarterContent/Particles/P_Explosion.P_Explosion"));
    if (DefaultExplosionEffect.Succeeded())
    {
        ExplosionEffect = DefaultExplosionEffect.Object;
    }

    //定义将作为投射物及其碰撞的根组件的SphereComponent。
    SphereComponent = CreateDefaultSubobject<USphereComponent>(TEXT("RootComponent"));
    SphereComponent->InitSphereRadius(12.5f);
    SphereComponent->SetCollisionProfileName(TEXT("BlockAllDynamic"));
    RootComponent = SphereComponent;

    //在击中事件上注册此投射物撞击函数。
    if (GetLocalRole() == ROLE_Authority)
    {
        SphereComponent->OnComponentHit.AddDynamic(this, &AThirdPersonMPProjectile::OnProjectileImpact);
    }

    //定义将作为视觉呈现的网格体。
    static ConstructorHelpers::FObjectFinder<UStaticMesh> DefaultMesh(TEXT("/Game/StarterContent/Shapes/Shape_Sphere.Shape_Sphere"));
    StaticMesh = CreateDefaultSubobject<UStaticMeshComponent>(TEXT("Mesh"));
    StaticMesh->SetupAttachment(RootComponent);

    if (DefaultMesh.Succeeded())
    {
        StaticMesh->SetStaticMesh(DefaultMesh.Object);
        StaticMesh->RelativeLocation = FVector(0.0f, 0.0f, -12.5f);
        StaticMesh->RelativeScale3D = FVector(0.25f, 0.25f, 0.25f);
    }

    //定义投射物移动组件。
    ProjectileMovementComponent = CreateDefaultSubobject<UProjectileMovementComponent>(TEXT("ProjectileMovement"));
    ProjectileMovementComponent->SetUpdatedComponent(SphereComponent);
    ProjectileMovementComponent->InitialSpeed = 1500.0f;
    ProjectileMovementComponent->MaxSpeed = 1500.0f;
    ProjectileMovementComponent->bRotationFollowsVelocity = true;
    ProjectileMovementComponent->ProjectileGravityScale = 0.0f;
}

// 当游戏开始或生成时调用
void AThirdPersonMPProjectile::BeginPlay()
{
    Super::BeginPlay();

}

void AThirdPersonMPProjectile::OnProjectileImpact(UPrimitiveComponent* HitComponent, AActor* OtherActor, UPrimitiveComponent* OtherComp, FVector NormalImpulse, const FHitResult& Hit)
{   
    if ( OtherActor )
    {
        UGameplayStatics::ApplyPointDamage(OtherActor, Damage, NormalImpulse, Hit, Instigator->Controller, this, DamageType);
    }

    Destroy();
}

void AThirdPersonMPProjectile::Destroyed()
{
    FVector spawnLocation = GetActorLocation();
    UGameplayStatics::SpawnEmitterAtLocation(this, ExplosionEffect, spawnLocation, FRotator::ZeroRotator, true, EPSCPoolMethod::AutoRelease);
}

// 每一帧调用
void AThirdPersonMPProjectile::Tick(float DeltaTime)
{
    Super::Tick(DeltaTime);

}

ThirdPersonMPCharacter.h

// 版权所有 1998-2019 Epic Games, Inc。保留所有权利。

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "GameFramework/Character.h"
#include "IDamageInterface.h"
#include "ThirdPersonMPCharacter.generated.h"

UCLASS(config=Game)
class AThirdPersonMPCharacter : public ACharacter 
{
    GENERATED_BODY()

    /** 摄像机吊杆将摄像机置于角色身后 */
    UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Camera, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
    class USpringArmComponent* CameraBoom;

    /** 跟随摄像机 */
    UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Camera, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
    class UCameraComponent* FollowCamera;
public:

    /** 构造函数 */
    AThirdPersonMPCharacter();

    /** 属性复制 */
    void GetLifetimeReplicatedProps(TArray<FLifetimeProperty>& OutLifetimeProps) const override;

    /** 基础旋转速度，单位为度/秒。其他缩放比例可能会影响最终旋转速度。*/
    UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category=Camera)
    float BaseTurnRate;

    /** 基础向上/下看速度，单位为度/秒。其他缩放比例可能会影响最终速度。*/
    UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category=Camera)
    float BaseLookUpRate;

protected:
    /** 玩家的最大生命值。这是玩家的最高生命值，也是出生时的生命值。*/
    UPROPERTY(EditDefaultsOnly, Category = "Health")
    float MaxHealth;

    /** 玩家的当前生命值。降到0就表示死亡。*/
    UPROPERTY(ReplicatedUsing=OnRep_CurrentHealth)
    float CurrentHealth;

    /** RepNotify，用于同步对当前生命值所做的更改。*/
    UFUNCTION()
    void OnRep_CurrentHealth();

    /** 响应要更新的生命值。修改后，立即在服务器上调用，并在客户端上调用以响应RepNotify*/
    void OnHealthUpdate();

public:
    /** 最大生命值的取值函数。*/
    UFUNCTION(BlueprintPure, Category="Health")
    FORCEINLINE float GetMaxHealth() const { return MaxHealth; } 

    /** 当前生命值的取值函数。*/
    UFUNCTION(BlueprintPure, Category="Health")
    FORCEINLINE float GetCurrentHealth() const { return CurrentHealth; }

    /** 当前生命值的存值函数。将此值的范围限定在0到MaxHealth之间，并调用OnHealthUpdate。仅在服务器上调用。*/
    UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable, Category="Health")
    void SetCurrentHealth(float healthValue);

    /** 承受伤害的事件。从APawn覆盖。*/
    UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable, Category = "Health")
    float TakeDamage( float DamageTaken, struct FDamageEvent const& DamageEvent, AController* EventInstigator, AActor* DamageCauser ) override;

    protected:
    /** 在VR中重置HMD方向。*/
    void OnResetVR();

    /** 调用用于向前/向后输入 */
    void MoveForward(float Value);

    /** 调用用于侧向输入 */
    void MoveRight(float Value);

    /** 
     * 通过输入调用，以给定速度旋转。 
     * @param Rate  这是标准化速度，即1.0表示100%的所需旋转速度
     */
    void TurnAtRate(float Rate);

    /**
     * 通过输入调用，以给定速度向上/下看。 
     * @param Rate  这是标准化速度，即1.0表示100%的所需旋转速度
     */
    void LookUpAtRate(float Rate);

    /** 触控输入开始时使用的处理程序。*/
    void TouchStarted(ETouchIndex::Type FingerIndex, FVector Location);

    /** 触控输入停止时使用的处理程序。*/
    void TouchStopped(ETouchIndex::Type FingerIndex, FVector Location);

protected:
    // APawn界面
    virtual void SetupPlayerInputComponent(class UInputComponent* PlayerInputComponent) override;
    // APawn界面结束

    /** 角色要发射的发射物类型。*/
    UPROPERTY(EditDefaultsOnly, Category="Gameplay|Projectile")
    TSubclassOf<class AThirdPersonMPProjectile> ProjectileClass;

    /** 射击之间的延迟，单位为秒。用于控制测试发射物的射击速度，还可防止服务器函数的溢出导致将SpawnProjectile直接绑定至输入。*/
    UPROPERTY(EditDefaultsOnly, Category="Gameplay")
    float FireRate;

    /** 若为true，此武器正在发射过程中。*/
    bool bIsFiringWeapon;

    /** 用于启动武器发射的函数。应仅可由本地玩家触发。*/
    UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable, Category="Gameplay")
    void StartFire();

    /** 用于结束武器射击的函数。一旦调用这段代码，玩家可再次使用StartFire。*/
    UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable, Category = "Gameplay")
    void StopFire();  

    /** 用于生成投射物的服务器函数。*/
    UFUNCTION(Server, Reliable)
    void HandleFire();

    /** 定时器句柄，用于提供生成间隔时间内的射速延迟。*/
    FTimerHandle FiringTimer;

public:
    /** 返回CameraBoom子对象 **/
    FORCEINLINE class USpringArmComponent* GetCameraBoom() const { return CameraBoom; }
    /** 返回FollowCamera子对象 **/
    FORCEINLINE class UCameraComponent* GetFollowCamera() const { return FollowCamera; }
};

ThirdPersonMPCharacter.cpp

// 版权所有 1998-2019 Epic Games, Inc。保留所有权利。

#include "ThirdPersonMPCharacter.h"
#include "HeadMountedDisplayFunctionLibrary.h"
#include "Camera/CameraComponent.h"
#include "Components/CapsuleComponent.h"
#include "Components/InputComponent.h"
#include "GameFramework/CharacterMovementComponent.h"
#include "GameFramework/Controller.h"
#include "GameFramework/SpringArmComponent.h"
#include "Net/UnrealNetwork.h"
#include "Engine/Engine.h"
#include "ThirdPersonMPProjectile.h"
#include "TimerManager.h"

//
// AThirdPersonMPCharacter

AThirdPersonMPCharacter::AThirdPersonMPCharacter()
{
    // 设置碰撞胶囊体的大小
    GetCapsuleComponent()->InitCapsuleSize(42.f, 96.0f);

    // 设置输入的旋转速度
    BaseTurnRate = 45.f;
    BaseLookUpRate = 45.f;

    // 控制器旋转时不旋转。只影响摄像机。
    bUseControllerRotationPitch = false;
    bUseControllerRotationYaw = false;
    bUseControllerRotationRoll = false;

    // 配置角色移动
    GetCharacterMovement()->bOrientRotationToMovement = true; // 角色朝输入的方向移动...  
    GetCharacterMovement()->RotationRate = FRotator(0.0f, 540.0f, 0.0f); // ...采用此旋转速度
    GetCharacterMovement()->JumpZVelocity = 600.f;
    GetCharacterMovement()->AirControl = 0.2f;

    // 创建摄像机吊杆（发生碰撞时向玩家拉近）
    CameraBoom = CreateDefaultSubobject<USpringArmComponent>(TEXT("CameraBoom"));
    CameraBoom->SetupAttachment(RootComponent);
    CameraBoom->TargetArmLength = 300.0f; // 摄像机以这个距离跟在角色身后 
    CameraBoom->bUsePawnControlRotation = true; // 基于控制器旋转吊臂

    // 创建跟随摄像头
    FollowCamera = CreateDefaultSubobject<UCameraComponent>(TEXT("FollowCamera"));
    FollowCamera->SetupAttachment(CameraBoom, USpringArmComponent::SocketName); // 将摄像机连接到吊杆末端，调节吊杆以匹配控制器方向
    FollowCamera->bUsePawnControlRotation = false; // 摄像机不相对于吊臂旋转

    // 注意：骨架网格体和网格体组件上的动画蓝图引用（继承自角色） 
    // 都在名为MyCharacter的派生蓝图资产中设置（以避免C++环境下的直接内容引用）

    //初始化玩家生命值
    MaxHealth = 100.0f;
    CurrentHealth = MaxHealth;

    //初始化投射物类
    ProjectileClass = AThirdPersonMPProjectile::StaticClass();
    //初始化射速
    FireRate = 0.25f;
    bIsFiringWeapon = false;
}

//
// 输入

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::SetupPlayerInputComponent(class UInputComponent* PlayerInputComponent)
{
    // 设置游戏进程键绑定
    check(PlayerInputComponent);
    PlayerInputComponent->BindAction("Jump", IE_Pressed, this, &ACharacter::Jump);
    PlayerInputComponent->BindAction("Jump", IE_Released, this, &ACharacter::StopJumping);

    PlayerInputComponent->BindAxis("MoveForward", this, &AThirdPersonMPCharacter::MoveForward);
    PlayerInputComponent->BindAxis("MoveRight", this, &AThirdPersonMPCharacter::MoveRight);

    // 我们有两个旋转绑定版本，可以用不同的方式处理不同类型的设备
    // "turn"处理提供绝对增量的设备。
    // "turnrate"用于选择视为变化速度的设备，例如模拟操纵杆
    PlayerInputComponent->BindAxis("Turn", this, &APawn::AddControllerYawInput);
    PlayerInputComponent->BindAxis("TurnRate", this, &AThirdPersonMPCharacter::TurnAtRate);
    PlayerInputComponent->BindAxis("LookUp", this, &APawn::AddControllerPitchInput);
    PlayerInputComponent->BindAxis("LookUpRate", this, &AThirdPersonMPCharacter::LookUpAtRate);

    // 处理触控设备
    PlayerInputComponent->BindTouch(IE_Pressed, this, &AThirdPersonMPCharacter::TouchStarted);
    PlayerInputComponent->BindTouch(IE_Released, this, &AThirdPersonMPCharacter::TouchStopped);

    // VR头戴设备功能
    PlayerInputComponent->BindAction("ResetVR", IE_Pressed, this, &AThirdPersonMPCharacter::OnResetVR);

    // 处理发射投射物
    PlayerInputComponent->BindAction( "Fire", IE_Pressed, this, &AThirdPersonMPCharacter::StartFire);
    //PlayerInputComponent->BindAction("Fire", IE_Released, this, &AThirdPersonMPCharacter::StopFire);
}

//
// 复制的属性

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::GetLifetimeReplicatedProps(TArray <FLifetimeProperty> & OutLifetimeProps) const
{
    Super::GetLifetimeReplicatedProps(OutLifetimeProps);
    DOREPLIFETIME(AThirdPersonMPCharacter, CurrentHealth);
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::StartFire()
{
    if (!bIsFiringWeapon)
    {
        bIsFiringWeapon = true;
        UWorld* World = GetWorld();
        World->GetTimerManager().SetTimer(FiringTimer, this, &AThirdPersonMPCharacter::StopFire, FireRate, false);
        SpawnProjectile();
    }
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::StopFire()
{
    bIsFiringWeapon = false;
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::SpawnProjectile_Implementation()
{
    FVector spawnLocation = GetActorLocation() + ( GetActorRotation().Vector()  * 100.0f ) + (GetActorUpVector() * 50.0f);
    FRotator spawnRotation = GetActorRotation();

    FActorSpawnParameters spawnParameters;
    spawnParameters.Instigator = Instigator;
    spawnParameters.Owner = this;

    AThirdPersonMPProjectile* spawnedProjectile = GetWorld()->SpawnActor<AThirdPersonMPProjectile>(ProjectileClass, spawnLocation, spawnRotation, spawnParameters);
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::OnHealthUpdate()
{
    //客户端特定的功能
    if (IsLocallyControlled())
    {
        FString healthMessage = FString::Printf(TEXT("You now have %f health remaining."), CurrentHealth);
        GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 5.f, FColor::Blue, healthMessage);

        if (CurrentHealth <= 0)
        {
            FString deathMessage = FString::Printf(TEXT("You have been killed."));
            GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 5.f, FColor::Red, deathMessage);
        }
    }

    //服务器特定的功能
    if (GetLocalRole() == ROLE_Authority)
    {
        FString healthMessage = FString::Printf(TEXT("%s now has %f health remaining."), *GetFName().ToString(), CurrentHealth);
        GEngine->AddOnScreenDebugMessage(-1, 5.f, FColor::Blue, healthMessage);
    }

    //在所有机器上都执行的函数。 
    /*  
        因任何因伤害或死亡而产生的特殊功能都应放在这里。 
    */
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::OnRep_CurrentHealth()
{
    OnHealthUpdate();
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::SetCurrentHealth(float healthValue)
{
    if (GetLocalRole() == ROLE_Authority)
    {
        CurrentHealth = FMath::Clamp(healthValue, 0.f, MaxHealth);
        OnHealthUpdate();
    }
}

float AThirdPersonMPCharacter::TakeDamage(float DamageTaken, struct FDamageEvent const& DamageEvent, AController* EventInstigator, AActor* DamageCauser)
{
    float damageApplied = CurrentHealth - DamageTaken;
    SetCurrentHealth(damageApplied);
    return damageApplied;
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::OnResetVR()
{
    UHeadMountedDisplayFunctionLibrary::ResetOrientationAndPosition();
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::TouchStarted(ETouchIndex::Type FingerIndex, FVector Location)
{
    Jump();
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::TouchStopped(ETouchIndex::Type FingerIndex, FVector Location)
{
        StopJumping();
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::TurnAtRate(float Rate)
{
    // 根据速度信息计算此帧的增量
    AddControllerYawInput(Rate * BaseTurnRate * GetWorld()->GetDeltaSeconds());
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::LookUpAtRate(float Rate)
{
    // 根据速度信息计算此帧的增量
    AddControllerPitchInput(Rate * BaseLookUpRate * GetWorld()->GetDeltaSeconds());
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::MoveForward(float Value)
{
    if ((Controller != NULL) && (Value != 0.0f))
    {
        // find out which way is forward
        const FRotator Rotation = Controller->GetControlRotation();
        const FRotator YawRotation(0, Rotation.Yaw, 0);

        // 获取前向矢量
        const FVector Direction = FRotationMatrix(YawRotation).GetUnitAxis(EAxis::X);
        AddMovementInput(Direction, Value);
    }
}

void AThirdPersonMPCharacter::MoveRight(float Value)
{
    if ( (Controller != NULL) && (Value != 0.0f) )
    {
        // 找出正确的道路
        const FRotator Rotation = Controller->GetControlRotation();
        const FRotator YawRotation(0, Rotation.Yaw, 0);

        // 获取正确的矢量 
        const FVector Direction = FRotationMatrix(YawRotation).GetUnitAxis(EAxis::Y);
        // add movement in that direction
        AddMovementInput(Direction, Value);
    }
}