- DCGAN简单总结
DCGAN的全称是Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks ,
意即深度卷积对抗生成网络，它是由Alec Radford在论文Unsupervised
Representation Learning with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial
Networks中提出的。从名字上来看，它是在GAN的基础上增加深度卷积网
络结构，专门生成图像样本。
在GAN中 做了D 、G 的输入输出租损失的走义，但事实上， GAN 并没再对D 、G 的具体结构做出任何限制。DCGAN中的D 、G 的含义以及损失都和原始GAN中完全一致，但是它在D和G中采用了较为特殊的结构，以便对图片进行有效建模。对于判别器D，它的输入是一张图像，输出是这张图像为真实图像的概率。在DCGAN中，判别器D的结构是一个卷积神经网络，输入的图像经过若干层卷积后得到一个卷积特征，将得到的特征送入Logistic函数，输出可以看作是概率。
稳定的深度卷积GAN 架构指南:
- 所有的pooling层使用步幅卷积(判别网络)和微步幅度卷积(生成网络)进行替换。
- 在生成网络和判别网络上使用批处理规范化。
- 在生成网络和判别网络上使用批处理规范化。
- 对于更深的架构移除全连接隐藏层。
- 在生成网络的所有层上使用RelU激活函数，除了输出层使用Tanh激活函数。
- 在判别网络的所有层上使用LeakyReLU激活函数。
- 搜集原始数据集
首先我们需要用爬虫爬取大量的动漫图片，从著名的动漫图库网站爬取：http://konachan.net/
源代码如下：
import requests # http lib
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup # climb lib
import os # operation system
import traceback # trace deviance
def download(url,filename):
if os.path.exists(filename):
print('file exists!')
return
try:
r = requests.get(url,stream=True,timeout=60)
r.raise_for_status()
with open(filename,'wb') as f:
for chunk in r.iter_content(chunk_size=1024):
if chunk: # filter out keep-alove new chunks
f.write(chunk)
f.flush()
return filename
except KeyboardInterrupt:
if os.path.exists(filename):
os.remove(filename)
return KeyboardInterrupt
except Exception:
traceback.print_exc()
if os.path.exists(filename):
os.remove(filename)
if os.path.exists('imgs') is False:
os.makedirs('imgs')
start = 1
end = 8000
for i in range(start, end+1):
url = 'http://konachan.net/post?page=%d&tags=' % i
html = requests.get(url).text # gain the web's information
soup = BeautifulSoup(html,'html.parser') # doc's string and jie xi qi
for img in soup.find_all('img',class_="preview"):# 遍历所有preview类，找到img标签
target_url = img['src']
filename = os.path.join('imgs',target_url.split('/')[-1])
download(target_url,filename)
print('%d / %d' % (i,end))
下载的部分图像如下：
现在已经有了基本的图像了，但我们的目标是生成动漫头像，不需要整张图像，而且其他的信息会干扰到训练，所以需要进行人脸检测截取人脸图像。
- 人脸检测截取人脸
通过基于opencv的人脸检测分类器，参考于lbpcascade_animeface。
首先，要使用这个分类器要先进行下载：
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nagadomi/lbpcascade_animeface/master/lbpcascade_animeface.xml
下载完成后，运行以下代码对图像进行人脸截取。
import cv2
import sys
import os.path
from glob import glob
def detect(filename,cascade_file="lbpcascade_animeface.xml"):
if not os.path.isfile(cascade_file):
raise RuntimeError("%s: not found" % cascade_file)
cascade = cv2.CascadeClassifier(cascade_file)
image = cv2.imread(filename)
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
gray = cv2.equalizeHist(gray)
faces = cascade.detectMultiScale(
gray,
# detector options
scaleFactor = 1.1,
minNeighbors = 5,
minSize = (48,48)
)
for i,(x,y,w,h) in enumerate(faces):
face = image[y: y+h, x:x+w, :]
face = cv2.resize(face,(96,96))
save_filename = '%s.jpg' % (os.path.basename(filename).split('.')[0])
cv2.imwrite("faces/"+save_filename,face)
if __name__ == '__main__':
if os.path.exists('faces') is False:
os.makedirs('faces')
file_list = glob('imgs/*.jpg')
for filename in file_list:
detect(filename)
处理后的图像如下所示：
- 源代码分析
参照于DCGAN-tensorflow
总共获取18,466张图像，人脸检测后得到5,238张。
需要安装tensorflow，共4个文件，分别是main.py、model.py、ops.py、utils.py。
from __future__ import division
import os
import time
import math
from glob import glob
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
from six.moves import xrange
from ops import *
from utils import *
def conv_out_size_same(size, stride):
return int(math.ceil(float(size) / float(stride)))
class DCGAN(object):
def __init__(self, sess, input_height=108, input_width=108, crop=True,
batch_size=64, sample_num = 64, output_height=64, output_width=64,
y_dim=None, z_dim=100, gf_dim=64, df_dim=64,
gfc_dim=1024, dfc_dim=1024, c_dim=3, dataset_name='default',
input_fname_pattern='*.jpg', checkpoint_dir=None, sample_dir=None):
"""
Args:
sess: TensorFlow session
batch_size: The size of batch. Should be specified before training.
y_dim: (optional) Dimension of dim for y. [None]
z_dim: (optional) Dimension of dim for Z. [100]
gf_dim: (optional) Dimension of gen filters in first conv layer. [64]
df_dim: (optional) Dimension of discrim filters in first conv layer. [64]
gfc_dim: (optional) Dimension of gen units for for fully connected layer. [1024]
dfc_dim: (optional) Dimension of discrim units for fully connected layer. [1024]
c_dim: (optional) Dimension of image color. For grayscale input, set to 1. [3]
"""
self.sess = sess
self.crop = crop
self.batch_size = batch_size
self.sample_num = sample_num
self.input_height = input_height
self.input_width = input_width
self.output_height = output_height
self.output_width = output_width
self.y_dim = y_dim
self.z_dim = z_dim
self.gf_dim = gf_dim
self.df_dim = df_dim
self.gfc_dim = gfc_dim
self.dfc_dim = dfc_dim
# batch normalization : deals with poor initialization helps gradient flow
self.d_bn1 = batch_norm(name='d_bn1')
self.d_bn2 = batch_norm(name='d_bn2')
if not self.y_dim:
self.d_bn3 = batch_norm(name='d_bn3')
self.g_bn0 = batch_norm(name='g_bn0')
self.g_bn1 = batch_norm(name='g_bn1')
self.g_bn2 = batch_norm(name='g_bn2')
if not self.y_dim:
self.g_bn3 = batch_norm(name='g_bn3')
self.dataset_name = dataset_name
self.input_fname_pattern = input_fname_pattern
self.checkpoint_dir = checkpoint_dir
if self.dataset_name == 'mnist':
self.data_X, self.data_y = self.load_mnist()
self.c_dim = self.data_X[0].shape[-1]
else:
self.data = glob(os.path.join("./data", self.dataset_name, self.input_fname_pattern))
imreadImg = imread(self.data[0]);
if len(imreadImg.shape) >= 3: #check if image is a non-grayscale image by checking channel number
self.c_dim = imread(self.data[0]).shape[-1]
else:
self.c_dim = 1
self.grayscale = (self.c_dim == 1)
self.build_model()
def build_model(self):
if self.y_dim:
self.y= tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [self.batch_size, self.y_dim], name='y')
if self.crop:
image_dims = [self.output_height, self.output_width, self.c_dim]
else:
image_dims = [self.input_height, self.input_width, self.c_dim]
self.inputs = tf.placeholder(
tf.float32, [self.batch_size] + image_dims, name='real_images')
inputs = self.inputs
self.z = tf.placeholder(
tf.float32, [None, self.z_dim], name='z')
self.z_sum = histogram_summary("z", self.z)
if self.y_dim:
self.G = self.generator(self.z, self.y)
self.D, self.D_logits = \
self.discriminator(inputs, self.y, reuse=False)
self.sampler = self.sampler(self.z, self.y)
self.D_, self.D_logits_ = \
self.discriminator(self.G, self.y, reuse=True)
else:
self.G = self.generator(self.z)
self.D, self.D_logits = self.discriminator(inputs)
self.sampler = self.sampler(self.z)
self.D_, self.D_logits_ = self.discriminator(self.G, reuse=True)
self.d_sum = histogram_summary("d", self.D)
self.d__sum = histogram_summary("d_", self.D_)
self.G_sum = image_summary("G", self.G)
def sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits(x, y):
try:
return tf.nn.sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits(logits=x, labels=y)
except:
return tf.nn.sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits(logits=x, targets=y)
self.d_loss_real = tf.reduce_mean(
sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits(self.D_logits, tf.ones_like(self.D)))
self.d_loss_fake = tf.reduce_mean(
sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits(self.D_logits_, tf.zeros_like(self.D_)))
self.g_loss = tf.reduce_mean(
sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits(self.D_logits_, tf.ones_like(self.D_)))
self.d_loss_real_sum = scalar_summary("d_loss_real", self.d_loss_real)
self.d_loss_fake_sum = scalar_summary("d_loss_fake", self.d_loss_fake)
self.d_loss = self.d_loss_real + self.d_loss_fake
self.g_loss_sum = scalar_summary("g_loss", self.g_loss)
self.d_loss_sum = scalar_summary("d_loss", self.d_loss)
t_vars = tf.trainable_variables()
self.d_vars = [var for var in t_vars if 'd_' in var.name]
self.g_vars = [var for var in t_vars if 'g_' in var.name]
self.saver = tf.train.Saver()
def train(self, config):
d_optim = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(config.learning_rate, beta1=config.beta1) \
.minimize(self.d_loss, var_list=self.d_vars)
g_optim = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(config.learning_rate, beta1=config.beta1) \
.minimize(self.g_loss, var_list=self.g_vars)
try:
tf.global_variables_initializer().run()
except:
tf.initialize_all_variables().run()
self.g_sum = merge_summary([self.z_sum, self.d__sum,
self.G_sum, self.d_loss_fake_sum, self.g_loss_sum])
self.d_sum = merge_summary(
[self.z_sum, self.d_sum, self.d_loss_real_sum, self.d_loss_sum])
self.writer = SummaryWriter("./logs", self.sess.graph)
sample_z = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, size=(self.sample_num , self.z_dim))
if config.dataset == 'mnist':
sample_inputs = self.data_X[0:self.sample_num]
sample_labels = self.data_y[0:self.sample_num]
else:
sample_files = self.data[0:self.sample_num]
sample = [
get_image(sample_file,
input_height=self.input_height,
input_width=self.input_width,
resize_height=self.output_height,
resize_width=self.output_width,
crop=self.crop,
grayscale=self.grayscale) for sample_file in sample_files]
if (self.grayscale):
sample_inputs = np.array(sample).astype(np.float32)[:, :, :, None]
else:
sample_inputs = np.array(sample).astype(np.float32)
counter = 1
start_time = time.time()
could_load, checkpoint_counter = self.load(self.checkpoint_dir)
if could_load:
counter = checkpoint_counter
print(" [*] Load SUCCESS")
else:
print(" [!] Load failed...")
for epoch in xrange(config.epoch):
if config.dataset == 'mnist':
batch_idxs = min(len(self.data_X), config.train_size) // config.batch_size
else:
self.data = glob(os.path.join(
"./data", config.dataset, self.input_fname_pattern))
batch_idxs = min(len(self.data), config.train_size) // config.batch_size
for idx in xrange(0, batch_idxs):
if config.dataset == 'mnist':
batch_images = self.data_X[idx*config.batch_size:(idx+1)*config.batch_size]
batch_labels = self.data_y[idx*config.batch_size:(idx+1)*config.batch_size]
else:
batch_files = self.data[idx*config.batch_size:(idx+1)*config.batch_size]
batch = [
get_image(batch_file,
input_height=self.input_height,
input_width=self.input_width,
resize_height=self.output_height,
resize_width=self.output_width,
crop=self.crop,
grayscale=self.grayscale) for batch_file in batch_files]
if self.grayscale:
batch_images = np.array(batch).astype(np.float32)[:, :, :, None]
else:
batch_images = np.array(batch).astype(np.float32)
batch_z = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, [config.batch_size, self.z_dim]) \
.astype(np.float32)
if config.dataset == 'mnist':
# Update D network
_, summary_str = self.sess.run([d_optim, self.d_sum],
feed_dict={
self.inputs: batch_images,
self.z: batch_z,
self.y:batch_labels,
})
self.writer.add_summary(summary_str, counter)
# Update G network
_, summary_str = self.sess.run([g_optim, self.g_sum],
feed_dict={
self.z: batch_z,
self.y:batch_labels,
})
self.writer.add_summary(summary_str, counter)
# Run g_optim twice to make sure that d_loss does not go to zero (different from paper)
_, summary_str = self.sess.run([g_optim, self.g_sum],
feed_dict={ self.z: batch_z, self.y:batch_labels })
self.writer.add_summary(summary_str, counter)
errD_fake = self.d_loss_fake.eval({
self.z: batch_z,
self.y:batch_labels
})
errD_real = self.d_loss_real.eval({
self.inputs: batch_images,
self.y:batch_labels
})
errG = self.g_loss.eval({
self.z: batch_z,
self.y: batch_labels
})
else:
# Update D network
_, summary_str = self.sess.run([d_optim, self.d_sum],
feed_dict={ self.inputs: batch_images, self.z: batch_z })
self.writer.add_summary(summary_str, counter)
# Update G network
_, summary_str = self.sess.run([g_optim, self.g_sum],
feed_dict={ self.z: batch_z })
self.writer.add_summary(summary_str, counter)
# Run g_optim twice to make sure that d_loss does not go to zero (different from paper)
_, summary_str = self.sess.run([g_optim, self.g_sum],
feed_dict={ self.z: batch_z })
self.writer.add_summary(summary_str, counter)
errD_fake = self.d_loss_fake.eval({ self.z: batch_z })
errD_real = self.d_loss_real.eval({ self.inputs: batch_images })
errG = self.g_loss.eval({self.z: batch_z})
counter += 1
print("Epoch: [%2d] [%4d/%4d] time: %4.4f, d_loss: %.8f, g_loss: %.8f" \
% (epoch, idx, batch_idxs,
time.time() - start_time, errD_fake+errD_real, errG))
if np.mod(counter, 100) == 1:
if config.dataset == 'mnist':
samples, d_loss, g_loss = self.sess.run(
[self.sampler, self.d_loss, self.g_loss],
feed_dict={
self.z: sample_z,
self.inputs: sample_inputs,
self.y:sample_labels,
}
)
save_images(samples, image_manifold_size(samples.shape[0]),
'./{}/train_{:02d}_{:04d}.png'.format(config.sample_dir, epoch, idx))
print("[Sample] d_loss: %.8f, g_loss: %.8f" % (d_loss, g_loss))
else:
try:
samples, d_loss, g_loss = self.sess.run(
[self.sampler, self.d_loss, self.g_loss],
feed_dict={
self.z: sample_z,
self.inputs: sample_inputs,
},
)
save_images(samples, image_manifold_size(samples.shape[0]),
'./{}/train_{:02d}_{:04d}.png'.format(config.sample_dir, epoch, idx))
print("[Sample] d_loss: %.8f, g_loss: %.8f" % (d_loss, g_loss))
except:
print("one pic error!...")
if np.mod(counter, 500) == 2:
self.save(config.checkpoint_dir, counter)
def discriminator(self, image, y=None, reuse=False):
with tf.variable_scope("discriminator") as scope:
if reuse:
scope.reuse_variables()
if not self.y_dim:
h0 = lrelu(conv2d(image, self.df_dim, name='d_h0_conv'))
h1 = lrelu(self.d_bn1(conv2d(h0, self.df_dim*2, name='d_h1_conv')))
h2 = lrelu(self.d_bn2(conv2d(h1, self.df_dim*4, name='d_h2_conv')))
h3 = lrelu(self.d_bn3(conv2d(h2, self.df_dim*8, name='d_h3_conv')))
h4 = linear(tf.reshape(h3, [self.batch_size, -1]), 1, 'd_h4_lin')
return tf.nn.sigmoid(h4), h4
else:
yb = tf.reshape(y, [self.batch_size, 1, 1, self.y_dim])
x = conv_cond_concat(image, yb)
h0 = lrelu(conv2d(x, self.c_dim + self.y_dim, name='d_h0_conv'))
h0 = conv_cond_concat(h0, yb)
h1 = lrelu(self.d_bn1(conv2d(h0, self.df_dim + self.y_dim, name='d_h1_conv')))
h1 = tf.reshape(h1, [self.batch_size, -1])
h1 = concat([h1, y], 1)
h2 = lrelu(self.d_bn2(linear(h1, self.dfc_dim, 'd_h2_lin')))
h2 = concat([h2, y], 1)
h3 = linear(h2, 1, 'd_h3_lin')
return tf.nn.sigmoid(h3), h3
def generator(self, z, y=None):
with tf.variable_scope("generator") as scope:
if not self.y_dim:
s_h, s_w = self.output_height, self.output_width
s_h2, s_w2 = conv_out_size_same(s_h, 2), conv_out_size_same(s_w, 2)
s_h4, s_w4 = conv_out_size_same(s_h2, 2), conv_out_size_same(s_w2, 2)
s_h8, s_w8 = conv_out_size_same(s_h4, 2), conv_out_size_same(s_w4, 2)
s_h16, s_w16 = conv_out_size_same(s_h8, 2), conv_out_size_same(s_w8, 2)
# project `z` and reshape
self.z_, self.h0_w, self.h0_b = linear(
z, self.gf_dim*8*s_h16*s_w16, 'g_h0_lin', with_w=True)
self.h0 = tf.reshape(
self.z_, [-1, s_h16, s_w16, self.gf_dim * 8])
h0 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn0(self.h0))
self.h1, self.h1_w, self.h1_b = deconv2d(
h0, [self.batch_size, s_h8, s_w8, self.gf_dim*4], name='g_h1', with_w=True)
h1 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn1(self.h1))
h2, self.h2_w, self.h2_b = deconv2d(
h1, [self.batch_size, s_h4, s_w4, self.gf_dim*2], name='g_h2', with_w=True)
h2 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn2(h2))
h3, self.h3_w, self.h3_b = deconv2d(
h2, [self.batch_size, s_h2, s_w2, self.gf_dim*1], name='g_h3', with_w=True)
h3 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn3(h3))
h4, self.h4_w, self.h4_b = deconv2d(
h3, [self.batch_size, s_h, s_w, self.c_dim], name='g_h4', with_w=True)
return tf.nn.tanh(h4)
else:
s_h, s_w = self.output_height, self.output_width
s_h2, s_h4 = int(s_h/2), int(s_h/4)
s_w2, s_w4 = int(s_w/2), int(s_w/4)
# yb = tf.expand_dims(tf.expand_dims(y, 1),2)
yb = tf.reshape(y, [self.batch_size, 1, 1, self.y_dim])
z = concat([z, y], 1)
h0 = tf.nn.relu(
self.g_bn0(linear(z, self.gfc_dim, 'g_h0_lin')))
h0 = concat([h0, y], 1)
h1 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn1(
linear(h0, self.gf_dim*2*s_h4*s_w4, 'g_h1_lin')))
h1 = tf.reshape(h1, [self.batch_size, s_h4, s_w4, self.gf_dim * 2])
h1 = conv_cond_concat(h1, yb)
h2 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn2(deconv2d(h1,
[self.batch_size, s_h2, s_w2, self.gf_dim * 2], name='g_h2')))
h2 = conv_cond_concat(h2, yb)
return tf.nn.sigmoid(
deconv2d(h2, [self.batch_size, s_h, s_w, self.c_dim], name='g_h3'))
def sampler(self, z, y=None):
with tf.variable_scope("generator") as scope:
scope.reuse_variables()
if not self.y_dim:
s_h, s_w = self.output_height, self.output_width
s_h2, s_w2 = conv_out_size_same(s_h, 2), conv_out_size_same(s_w, 2)
s_h4, s_w4 = conv_out_size_same(s_h2, 2), conv_out_size_same(s_w2, 2)
s_h8, s_w8 = conv_out_size_same(s_h4, 2), conv_out_size_same(s_w4, 2)
s_h16, s_w16 = conv_out_size_same(s_h8, 2), conv_out_size_same(s_w8, 2)
# project `z` and reshape
h0 = tf.reshape(
linear(z, self.gf_dim*8*s_h16*s_w16, 'g_h0_lin'),
[-1, s_h16, s_w16, self.gf_dim * 8])
h0 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn0(h0, train=False))
h1 = deconv2d(h0, [self.batch_size, s_h8, s_w8, self.gf_dim*4], name='g_h1')
h1 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn1(h1, train=False))
h2 = deconv2d(h1, [self.batch_size, s_h4, s_w4, self.gf_dim*2], name='g_h2')
h2 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn2(h2, train=False))
h3 = deconv2d(h2, [self.batch_size, s_h2, s_w2, self.gf_dim*1], name='g_h3')
h3 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn3(h3, train=False))
h4 = deconv2d(h3, [self.batch_size, s_h, s_w, self.c_dim], name='g_h4')
return tf.nn.tanh(h4)
else:
s_h, s_w = self.output_height, self.output_width
s_h2, s_h4 = int(s_h/2), int(s_h/4)
s_w2, s_w4 = int(s_w/2), int(s_w/4)
# yb = tf.reshape(y, [-1, 1, 1, self.y_dim])
yb = tf.reshape(y, [self.batch_size, 1, 1, self.y_dim])
z = concat([z, y], 1)
h0 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn0(linear(z, self.gfc_dim, 'g_h0_lin'), train=False))
h0 = concat([h0, y], 1)
h1 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn1(
linear(h0, self.gf_dim*2*s_h4*s_w4, 'g_h1_lin'), train=False))
h1 = tf.reshape(h1, [self.batch_size, s_h4, s_w4, self.gf_dim * 2])
h1 = conv_cond_concat(h1, yb)
h2 = tf.nn.relu(self.g_bn2(
deconv2d(h1, [self.batch_size, s_h2, s_w2, self.gf_dim * 2], name='g_h2'), train=False))
h2 = conv_cond_concat(h2, yb)
return tf.nn.sigmoid(deconv2d(h2, [self.batch_size, s_h, s_w, self.c_dim], name='g_h3'))
def load_mnist(self):
data_dir = os.path.join("./data", self.dataset_name)
fd = open(os.path.join(data_dir,'train-images-idx3-ubyte'))
loaded = np.fromfile(file=fd,dtype=np.uint8)
trX = loaded[16:].reshape((60000,28,28,1)).astype(np.float)
fd = open(os.path.join(data_dir,'train-labels-idx1-ubyte'))
loaded = np.fromfile(file=fd,dtype=np.uint8)
trY = loaded[8:].reshape((60000)).astype(np.float)
fd = open(os.path.join(data_dir,'t10k-images-idx3-ubyte'))
loaded = np.fromfile(file=fd,dtype=np.uint8)
teX = loaded[16:].reshape((10000,28,28,1)).astype(np.float)
fd = open(os.path.join(data_dir,'t10k-labels-idx1-ubyte'))
loaded = np.fromfile(file=fd,dtype=np.uint8)
teY = loaded[8:].reshape((10000)).astype(np.float)
trY = np.asarray(trY)
teY = np.asarray(teY)
X = np.concatenate((trX, teX), axis=0)
y = np.concatenate((trY, teY), axis=0).astype(np.int)
seed = 547
np.random.seed(seed)
np.random.shuffle(X)
np.random.seed(seed)
np.random.shuffle(y)
y_vec = np.zeros((len(y), self.y_dim), dtype=np.float)
for i, label in enumerate(y):
y_vec[i,y[i]] = 1.0
return X/255.,y_vec
@property
def model_dir(self):
return "{}_{}_{}_{}".format(
self.dataset_name, self.batch_size,
self.output_height, self.output_width)
def save(self, checkpoint_dir, step):
model_name = "DCGAN.model"
checkpoint_dir = os.path.join(checkpoint_dir, self.model_dir)
if not os.path.exists(checkpoint_dir):
os.makedirs(checkpoint_dir)
self.saver.save(self.sess,
os.path.join(checkpoint_dir, model_name),
global_step=step)
def load(self, checkpoint_dir):
import re
print(" [*] Reading checkpoints...")
checkpoint_dir = os.path.join(checkpoint_dir, self.model_dir)
ckpt = tf.train.get_checkpoint_state(checkpoint_dir)
if ckpt and ckpt.model_checkpoint_path:
ckpt_name = os.path.basename(ckpt.model_checkpoint_path)
self.saver.restore(self.sess, os.path.join(checkpoint_dir, ckpt_name))
counter = int(next(re.finditer("(\d+)(?!.*\d)",ckpt_name)).group(0))
print(" [*] Success to read {}".format(ckpt_name))
return True, counter
else:
print(" [*] Failed to find a checkpoint")
return False, 0
model.py定义了DCGAN类，包括9个函数
init() 初始化参数
参数初始化，已讲过的input_height, input_width, crop, batch_size, output_height, output_width, dataset_name, input_fname_pattern, checkpoint_dir, sample_dir就不再说了
sample_numsample_num：大小和batch_size一样
y_dimy_dim：输出通道。训练mnist数据集时，y_dim=10训练mnist数据集时，y_dim=10，我想可能是因为mnist是图片数字，分为10类。如果不是mnist，则默认为none。
z_dimz_dim：噪声z的维度，默认为100
gf_dimgf_dim：G第一个卷积层的过滤器个数G第一个卷积层的过滤器个数，默认为64
df_dimdf_dim：D第一个卷积层的过滤器个数D第一个卷积层的过滤器个数，默认为64
gfc_dimgfc_dim：G第一个全连接层的G单元个数G第一个全连接层的G单元个数，默认为1024
dfc_dimdfc_dim：D第一个全连接层的D单元个数D第一个全连接层的D单元个数，默认为1024
c_dimc_dim：颜色通道，灰度图像设为1，彩色图像设为3，默认为3
其中self.d_bn1, self.d_bn2, g_bn0, g_bn1, g_bn2是batch标准化，见ops.py的batch_norm(object)。
如果是mnist数据集，d_bn3, g_bn3都要batch_norm。
self.data读取数据集。
build_model() 建立模型
inputs的形状为[batch_size, input_height, input_width, c_dim]。
如果crop=True，inputs的形状为[batch_size, output_height, output_width, c_dim]。
输入分为样本输入inputs和抽样输入sample_inputs。
噪声z的形状为[None, z_dim]，第一个None是batch的大小。
然后取数据：
self.G = self.generator(self.z)#返回[batch_size, output_height, output_width, c_dim]形状的张量,也就是batch_size张图
self.D, self.D_logits = self.discriminator(inputs)#返回的D为是否是真样本的sigmoid概率，D_logits是未经sigmoid处理
self.sampler = self.sampler(self.z)#相当于测试，经过G网络模型，取样，代码和G很像，没有G训练的过程。
self.D_, self.D_logits_ = self.discriminator(self.G, reuse=True)
#D是真实数据，D_是假数据
用交叉熵计算损失，共有：d_loss_real、d_loss_fake、g_loss
self.d_loss_real = tf.reduce_mean(
sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits(self.D_logits, tf.ones_like(self.D)))
self.d_loss_fake = tf.reduce_mean(
sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits(self.D_logits_, tf.zeros_like(self.D_)))
self.g_loss = tf.reduce_mean(
sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits(self.D_logits_, tf.ones_like(self.D_)))
tf.ones_like：新建一个与给定tensor大小一致的tensor，其全部元素为1
d_loss_real是真样本输入的损失，要让D_logits接近于1，也就是D识别出真样本为真的
d_loss_fake是假样本输入的损失，要让D_logits_接近于0，D识别出假样本为假
d_loss = d_loss_real + d_loss_fake是D的目标，要最小化这个损失
g_loss：要让D识别假样本为真样本，G的目标是降低这个损失，D是提高这个损失
summary这几步是关于可视化，就不管了
train()
通过Adam优化器最小化d_loss和g_loss。
sample_z为从-1到1均匀分布的数，大小为[sample_num, z_dim]
从路径中读取原始样本sample，大小为[sample_num, output_height, output_width, c_dim]
接下来进行epoch个训练：
将data总数分为batch_idxs次训练，每次训练batch_size个样本。产生的样本为batch_images。
batch_z为训练的噪声，大小为[batch_num, z_dim]
d_optim = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(config.learning_rate, beta1=config.beta1) \
.minimize(self.d_loss, var_list=self.d_vars)
g_optim = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(config.learning_rate, beta1=config.beta1) \
.minimize(self.g_loss, var_list=self.g_vars)
首先输入噪声z和batch_images，通过优化d_optim更新D网络。
然后输入噪声z，优化g_optim来更新G网络。G网络更新两次，以免d_loss为0。这点不同于paper。
这样的训练，每过100个可以生成图片看看效果。
if np.mod(counter, 100) == 1
discriminator()
代码自定义了一个conv2d，对tf.nn.conv2d稍加修改了。下面贴出tf.nn.conv2dtf.nn.conv2d解释如下：
tf.nn.conv2d(input, filter, strides, padding, use_cudnn_on_gpu=None, name=None)
除去name参数用以指定该操作的name，与方法有关的一共五个参数：
第一个参数input：指需要做卷积的输入图像，它要求是一个Tensor，具有[batch, in_height, in_width, in_channels]这样的shape，具体含义是[训练时一个batch的图片数量, 图片高度, 图片宽度, 图像通道数]，注意这是一个4维的Tensor，要求类型为float32和float64其中之一
第二个参数filter：相当于CNN中的卷积核，它要求是一个Tensor，具有[filter_height, filter_width, in_channels, out_channels]这样的shape，具体含义是[卷积核的高度，卷积核的宽度，图像通道数，卷积核个数]，要求类型与参数input相同，有一个地方需要注意，第三维in_channels，就是参数input的第四维
第三个参数strides：卷积时在图像每一维的步长，这是一个一维的向量，长度4
第四个参数padding：string类型的量，只能是”SAME”,”VALID”其中之一，这个值决定了不同的卷积方式（后面会介绍）
第五个参数：use_cudnn_on_gpu:bool类型，是否使用cudnn加速，默认为true
结果返回一个Tensor，这个输出，就是我们常说的feature map
batch_norm(object)batch_norm(object)
tf.contrib.layers.batch_norm的代码见https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/tensorflow/contrib/layers/python/layers/layers.py
batchnormalization来自于http://arxiv.org/abs/1502.03167
加快训练。
激活函数lrelu见ops.py。四次卷积（其中三次卷积之前先批标准化）和激活之后。然后线性化，返回sigmoid函数处理后的结果。h3到h4的全连接相当于线性化，用一个矩阵将h3和h4连接起来，使h4是一个batch_size维的向量。
generator()
self.h0 = tf.reshape(self.z_, [-1, s_h16, s_w16, self.gf_dim * 8])改变z_的形状。-1代表的含义是不用我们自己指定这一维的大小，函数会自动计算，但列表中只能存在一个-1。（当然如果存在多个-1，就是一个存在多解的方程了）
deconv2d()deconv2d()
引用tf的反卷积函数tf.nn.conv2d_transpose或tf.nn.deconv2d。以tf.nn.conv2d_transpose为例。
defconv2d_transpose(value, filter, output_shape, strides,padding=”SAME”, data_format=”NHWC”, name=None):
- value: 是一个4维的tensor，格式为[batch, height, width, in_channels] 或者 [batch,
in_channels,height, width]。 - filter: 是一个4维的tensor，格式为[height, width, output_channels,
in_channels]，过滤器的in_ channels的维度要和这个匹配。 - output_shape: 一维tensor，表示反卷积操作的输出shapeA
- strides: 针对每个输入的tensor维度，滑动窗口的步长。
- padding: “VALID”或者”SAME”，padding算法
- data_format: “NHWC”或者”NCHW” ，对应value的数据格式。
- name: 可选，返回的tensor名。
deconv= tf.nn.conv2d_transpose(input_, w, output_shape=output_shape,strides=[1,d_h, d_w, 1])
第一个参数是输入，即上一层的结果，
第二个参数是输出输出的特征图维数，是个4维的参数，
第三个参数卷积核的移动步长，[1, d_h, d_w, 1]，其中第一个对应一次跳过batch中的多少图片，第二个d_h对应一次跳过图片中多少行，第三个d_w对应一次跳过图片中多少列，第四个对应一次跳过图像的多少个通道。这里直接设置为[1，2，2，1]。即每次反卷积后，图像的滑动步长为2，特征图会扩大缩小为原来2*2=4倍。
sampler()
和generator结构一样，用的也是它的参数。存在的意义可能在于共享参数？
将self.sampler = self.sampler(self.z, self.y)改为self.sampler = self.generator(self.z, self.y)
报错：
所以sampler的存在还是有意义的。
load_mnist(), save(), load()
这三个加载保存等就不仔细讲了。
download.py和ops.py好像也没什么好讲的。
utils.py包含可视化等函数
import os
import scipy.misc
import numpy as np
from model import DCGAN
from utils import pp, visualize, to_json, show_all_variables
import tensorflow as tf
flags = tf.app.flags
#迭代次数
flags.DEFINE_integer("epoch", 25, "Epoch to train [25]")
flags.DEFINE_float("learning_rate", 0.0002, "Learning rate of for adam [0.0002]")
flags.DEFINE_float("beta1", 0.5, "Momentum term of adam [0.5]")
flags.DEFINE_float("train_size", np.inf, "The size of train images [np.inf]")
flags.DEFINE_integer("batch_size", 64, "The size of batch images [64]")
flags.DEFINE_integer("input_height", 108, "The size of image to use (will be center cropped). [108]")
flags.DEFINE_integer("input_width", None, "The size of image to use (will be center cropped). If None, same value as input_height [None]")
flags.DEFINE_integer("output_height", 64, "The size of the output images to produce [64]")
flags.DEFINE_integer("output_width", None, "The size of the output images to produce. If None, same value as output_height [None]")
flags.DEFINE_string("dataset", "celebA", "The name of dataset [celebA, mnist, lsun]")
flags.DEFINE_string("input_fname_pattern", "*.jpg", "Glob pattern of filename of input images [*]")
flags.DEFINE_string("checkpoint_dir", "checkpoint", "Directory name to save the checkpoints [checkpoint]")
flags.DEFINE_string("sample_dir", "samples", "Directory name to save the image samples [samples]")
flags.DEFINE_boolean("train", False, "True for training, False for testing [False]")
flags.DEFINE_boolean("crop", False, "True for training, False for testing [False]")
flags.DEFINE_boolean("visualize", False, "True for visualizing, False for nothing [False]")
FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
def main(_):
##打印参数
pp.pprint(flags.FLAGS.__flags)
if FLAGS.input_width is None:
FLAGS.input_width = FLAGS.input_height
if FLAGS.output_width is None:
FLAGS.output_width = FLAGS.output_height
##检测checkpoint和sample目录是否存在
if not os.path.exists(FLAGS.checkpoint_dir):
os.makedirs(FLAGS.checkpoint_dir)
if not os.path.exists(FLAGS.sample_dir):
os.makedirs(FLAGS.sample_dir)
##session参数设置 tf.ConfigProto()一般用于创建session时，对参数进行设置 详见：https://blog.csdn.net/u012436149/article/details/53837651
#gpu_options = tf.GPUOptions(per_process_gpu_memory_fraction=0.333)
run_config = tf.ConfigProto()
run_config.gpu_options.allow_growth=True
with tf.Session(config=run_config) as sess:
##mnist数据集
if FLAGS.dataset == 'mnist':
dcgan = DCGAN(
sess,
input_width=FLAGS.input_width,
input_height=FLAGS.input_height,
output_width=FLAGS.output_width,
output_height=FLAGS.output_height,
batch_size=FLAGS.batch_size,
sample_num=FLAGS.batch_size,
y_dim=10,
dataset_name=FLAGS.dataset,
input_fname_pattern=FLAGS.input_fname_pattern,
crop=FLAGS.crop,
checkpoint_dir=FLAGS.checkpoint_dir,
sample_dir=FLAGS.sample_dir)
else:
##其他数据集
dcgan = DCGAN(
sess,
input_width=FLAGS.input_width,
input_height=FLAGS.input_height,
output_width=FLAGS.output_width,
output_height=FLAGS.output_height,
batch_size=FLAGS.batch_size,
sample_num=FLAGS.batch_size,
dataset_name=FLAGS.dataset,
input_fname_pattern=FLAGS.input_fname_pattern,
crop=FLAGS.crop,
checkpoint_dir=FLAGS.checkpoint_dir,
sample_dir=FLAGS.sample_dir)
show_all_variables()
if FLAGS.train:
dcgan.train(FLAGS)
else:
if not dcgan.load(FLAGS.checkpoint_dir)[0]:
raise Exception("[!] Train a model first, then run test mode")
# to_json("./web/js/layers.js", [dcgan.h0_w, dcgan.h0_b, dcgan.g_bn0],
# [dcgan.h1_w, dcgan.h1_b, dcgan.g_bn1],
# [dcgan.h2_w, dcgan.h2_b, dcgan.g_bn2],
# [dcgan.h3_w, dcgan.h3_b, dcgan.g_bn3],
# [dcgan.h4_w, dcgan.h4_b, None])
# Below is codes for visualization
OPTION = 2
visualize(sess, dcgan, FLAGS, OPTION)
if __name__ == '__main__':
tf.app.run()
main.py说明
入口程序，事先定义所需参数的值。
FLAGS参数
epochepoch：训练回合，默认为25
learning_ratelearning_rate：AdamAdam的学习率，默认为0.0002
beta1beta1：Adam的动量项（Momentum term of Adam），默认为0.5
train_sizetrain_size：训练图像的个数，默认为np.inf
batch_sizebatch_size：批图像的个数，默认为64。后面生成的图片拼在一张图，因此batch_size最好取平方，比如64，36等后面生成的图片拼在一张图，因此batch_size最好取平方，比如64，36等
input_heightinput_height：所使用的图像的图像高度（将会被center croppedcenter cropped），默认为108
input_widthinput_width：所使用的图像的图像宽度（将会被center croppedcenter cropped），如果没有特别指定默认和input_height一样
output_heightoutput_height：所产生的图像的图像高度（将会被center croppedcenter cropped），默认为64
output_widthoutput_width：所产生的图像的图像宽度（将会被center croppedcenter cropped），如果没有特别指定默认和output_height一样
datasetdataset：所用数据集的名称，在文件夹data里面，可以选择celebA，mnist，lsun。也可以自己下载图片，把文件夹放到data文件夹里面。
input_fname_patterninput_fname_pattern：输入的图片类型，默认为*.jpg
checkpoint_dircheckpoint_dir：存放checkpoint的目录名，默认为checkpointcheckpoint
sample_dirsample_dir：存放生成图片的目录名，默认为samples
traintrain：训练为True，测试为False，默认为False
cropcrop：训练为True，测试为False，默认为False
visualizevisualize：可视化为True，不可视化为False，默认为False
- 训练
新建data\faces目录，把头像存放到face目录下，执行
python main.py --dataset faces --input_height 96 --input_width 96 --output_height 48 --output_width 48 --crop --train --epoch 20 --input_fname_pattern "*.jpg"
由于使用笔记本的CPU训练，进程比较慢，现在大概也训练50个epoch，大概的效果：
epoch 0
epoch 20
epoch 50
epoch 100
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