在第二,三章中,我完成了用C/C++读取Lua文件。今天,我又有一个新的目标:将C/C++中变量设置到Lua文件(其实是设置到Lua全局变量表中,为了方便简单理解,我们看做是设置到Lua文件中)。
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:2
this is a table! 1
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:2
this is a table! 1
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:2
this is a table! 0
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:2
this is a table! 0
the size of stack is:0
以下是完整源代码:
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "stdio.h"
extern "C"
{
#include "lua.h"
#include "lualib.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
};
#pragma comment(lib,"lua5.1.lib")
struct ColorTable
{
char *name;
unsigned int red,green,blue;
}colorTable[] =
{
{"WHITE",1,1,1},
{"RED",1,0,0},
{"GREEN",0,1,0},
{"BLUE",0,0,1},
{NULL,0,0,0}
};
void stackDump(lua_State *L)
{
int i;
int top = lua_gettop(L);
printf("the size of stack is:%d\n",top);
for ( i = 1;i <= top;i++ )
{
int type = lua_type(L, i);
switch(type)
{
case LUA_TSTRING:
{
printf("%s",lua_tostring(L, i));
break;
}
case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
{
printf(lua_toboolean(L, i)?"true":"false");
break;
}
case LUA_TNUMBER:
{
printf("%g",lua_tonumber(L, i));
break;
}
case LUA_TTABLE:
{
printf("this is a table!");
break;
}
default:
{
printf("%s",lua_typename(L ,i));
break;
}
}
printf(" ");
}
printf("\n");
}
//打印全局表中索引为r的信息
void getColorTable(lua_State *L, struct ColorTable *ct)
{
stackDump(L);
lua_getglobal(L, ct->name);
lua_getfield(L, -1, "r");
stackDump(L);
lua_pop(L, 2);
stackDump(L);
}
//构建表中元素(C -> stack)
void setField(lua_State *L, const char *key, int value)
{
lua_pushnumber(L, value);
lua_setfield(L, -2, key);
}
//设置全局表(C -> stack)
void setColor(lua_State *L, struct ColorTable *ct)
{
lua_newtable(L);
setField(L, "r", ct->red);
setField(L, "b", ct->blue);
setField(L, "g", ct->green);
lua_setglobal(L, ct->name);
getColorTable(L, ct);
}
//往lua的全局表中注册变量:一个colorTable表(C -> stack)
void setConfigTable(lua_State *L, const char *fname)
{
//if ( luaL_loadfile(L, fname) || lua_pcall(L, 0, 0 ,0) )
//printf("error,can't run config file:%s:",lua_tostring(L, -1));
int i = 0;
while( colorTable[i].name != NULL )
setColor(L, &colorTable[i++]);
}
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
lua_State *L;
L = luaL_newstate();
luaL_openlibs(L);
setConfigTable(L, "setConfigTable.lua");
return 0;
}
打印信息如下:
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:2
this is a table! 1
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:2
this is a table! 1
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:2
this is a table! 0
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:0
the size of stack is:2
this is a table! 0
the size of stack is:0
其实,这里我们可以看作C/C++读取Lua文件的相反过程。代码中,我注释掉了对Lua文件的加载调用,因为我们是把C中的变量注册到Lua的全局变量表中。在写Lua程序时,这个全局变量表是_G,里面放置string,print这些lua程序中的表或者函数这类的。所有Lua程序中定义的全局变量都会放入这个表中。所以呢,这里可以看作是,我们把变量放到Lua全局表中,然后Lua所有的文件都可以用这份全局变量了。
解释下里面的几个函数。lua_newtable(L):创建一个表,然后压入栈顶;lua_setfield(L, idx, k)等同于lua_pushstring(L, k) && lua_settable(L, idx),用来设置表中key为k对应的value。要设置栈中表的元素值,步骤是这样的:先压入table,接着压入要设置的key,最后压入要设置的value。所以,当最后调用lua_settable(L, idx)时,栈中的value及key会依次弹出,同时也设置好了table。