ESP32-S3模组上跑通esp32-camera（3）

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-27 12:08:48 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-27 12:08:48 发布

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分类专栏： ESP32-S3 文章标签： ESP32-S3 camera sensor OV5640

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/phmatthaus/article/details/143522159

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接前一篇文章：ESP32-S3模组上跑通esp32-camera（2）

本文内容参考：

esp32-camera入门（基于ESP-IDF）_esp32 camera-CSDN博客

OV5640手册解读-CSDN博客

OV5640 自动对焦成像模组应用指南_ov5640中strobe-CSDN博客

特此致谢！

一、OV5640初始化

1. 配置接线和驱动

#include "esp_camera.h"
 
//WROVER-KIT PIN Map
#define CAM_PIN_PWDN    -1 //power down is not used
#define CAM_PIN_RESET   -1 //software reset will be performed
#define CAM_PIN_XCLK    21
#define CAM_PIN_SIOD    26
#define CAM_PIN_SIOC    27
 
#define CAM_PIN_D7      35
#define CAM_PIN_D6      34
#define CAM_PIN_D5      39
#define CAM_PIN_D4      36
#define CAM_PIN_D3      19
#define CAM_PIN_D2      18
#define CAM_PIN_D1       5
#define CAM_PIN_D0       4
#define CAM_PIN_VSYNC   25
#define CAM_PIN_HREF    23
#define CAM_PIN_PCLK    22
 
static camera_config_t camera_config = {
    .pin_pwdn  = CAM_PIN_PWDN,
    .pin_reset = CAM_PIN_RESET,
    .pin_xclk = CAM_PIN_XCLK,
    .pin_sccb_sda = CAM_PIN_SIOD,
    .pin_sccb_scl = CAM_PIN_SIOC,
 
    .pin_d7 = CAM_PIN_D7,
    .pin_d6 = CAM_PIN_D6,
    .pin_d5 = CAM_PIN_D5,
    .pin_d4 = CAM_PIN_D4,
    .pin_d3 = CAM_PIN_D3,
    .pin_d2 = CAM_PIN_D2,
    .pin_d1 = CAM_PIN_D1,
    .pin_d0 = CAM_PIN_D0,
    .pin_vsync = CAM_PIN_VSYNC,
    .pin_href = CAM_PIN_HREF,
    .pin_pclk = CAM_PIN_PCLK,
 
    .xclk_freq_hz = 20000000,//EXPERIMENTAL: Set to 16MHz on ESP32-S2 or ESP32-S3 to enable EDMA mode
    .ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0,
    .ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0,
 
    .pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG,//YUV422,GRAYSCALE,RGB565,JPEG
    .frame_size = FRAMESIZE_UXGA,//QQVGA-UXGA, For ESP32, do not use sizes above QVGA when not JPEG. The performance of the ESP32-S series has improved a lot, but JPEG mode always gives better frame rates.
 
    .jpeg_quality = 12, //0-63, for OV series camera sensors, lower number means higher quality
    .fb_count = 1, //When jpeg mode is used, if fb_count more than one, the driver will work in continuous mode.
    .grab_mode = CAMERA_GRAB_WHEN_EMPTY//CAMERA_GRAB_LATEST. Sets when buffers should be filled
};
 
esp_err_t camera_init(){
    //power up the camera if PWDN pin is defined
    if(CAM_PIN_PWDN != -1){
        pinMode(CAM_PIN_PWDN, OUTPUT);
        digitalWrite(CAM_PIN_PWDN, LOW);
    }
 
    //initialize the camera
    esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&camera_config);
    if (err != ESP_OK) {
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Camera Init Failed");
        return err;
    }
 
    return ESP_OK;
}
 
esp_err_t camera_capture(){
    //acquire a frame
    camera_fb_t * fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
    if (!fb) {
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Camera Capture Failed");
        return ESP_FAIL;
    }
    //replace this with your own function
    process_image(fb->width, fb->height, fb->format, fb->buf, fb->len);
  
    //return the frame buffer back to the driver for reuse
    esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
    return ESP_OK;
}

上一回讲解了camera_config_t结构一开始的第4、5两个成员，本回继续解析后续成员。为了便于理解和回顾，再次贴出camera_config_t的定义，在components\esp32-camera\driver\include\esp_camera.h中，如下：

/**
 * @brief Configuration structure for camera initialization
 */
typedef struct {
    int pin_pwdn;                   /*!< GPIO pin for camera power down line */
    int pin_reset;                  /*!< GPIO pin for camera reset line */
    int pin_xclk;                   /*!< GPIO pin for camera XCLK line */
    union {
        int pin_sccb_sda;           /*!< GPIO pin for camera SDA line */
        int pin_sscb_sda __attribute__((deprecated("please use pin_sccb_sda instead")));           /*!< GPIO pin for camera SDA line (legacy name) */
    };
    union {
        int pin_sccb_scl;           /*!< GPIO pin for camera SCL line */
        int pin_sscb_scl __attribute__((deprecated("please use pin_sccb_scl instead")));           /*!< GPIO pin for camera SCL line (legacy name) */
    };
    int pin_d7;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D7 line */
    int pin_d6;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D6 line */
    int pin_d5;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D5 line */
    int pin_d4;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D4 line */
    int pin_d3;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D3 line */
    int pin_d2;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D2 line */
    int pin_d1;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D1 line */
    int pin_d0;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D0 line */
    int pin_vsync;                  /*!< GPIO pin for camera VSYNC line */
    int pin_href;                   /*!< GPIO pin for camera HREF line */
    int pin_pclk;                   /*!< GPIO pin for camera PCLK line */
 
    int xclk_freq_hz;               /*!< Frequency of XCLK signal, in Hz. EXPERIMENTAL: Set to 16MHz on ESP32-S2 or ESP32-S3 to enable EDMA mode */
 
    ledc_timer_t ledc_timer;        /*!< LEDC timer to be used for generating XCLK  */
    ledc_channel_t ledc_channel;    /*!< LEDC channel to be used for generating XCLK  */
 
    pixformat_t pixel_format;       /*!< Format of the pixel data: PIXFORMAT_ + YUV422|GRAYSCALE|RGB565|JPEG  */
    framesize_t frame_size;         /*!< Size of the output image: FRAMESIZE_ + QVGA|CIF|VGA|SVGA|XGA|SXGA|UXGA  */
 
    int jpeg_quality;               /*!< Quality of JPEG output. 0-63 lower means higher quality  */
    size_t fb_count;                /*!< Number of frame buffers to be allocated. If more than one, then each frame will be acquired (double speed)  */
    camera_fb_location_t fb_location; /*!< The location where the frame buffer will be allocated */
    camera_grab_mode_t grab_mode;   /*!< When buffers should be filled */
#if CONFIG_CAMERA_CONVERTER_ENABLED
    camera_conv_mode_t conv_mode;   /*!< RGB<->YUV Conversion mode */
#endif
 
    int sccb_i2c_port;              /*!< If pin_sccb_sda is -1, use the already configured I2C bus by number */
} camera_config_t;

接下来关注以下成员：

typedef struct {
    ……
    int pin_d7;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D7 line */
    int pin_d6;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D6 line */
    int pin_d5;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D5 line */
    int pin_d4;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D4 line */
    int pin_d3;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D3 line */
    int pin_d2;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D2 line */
    int pin_d1;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D1 line */
    int pin_d0;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D0 line */
    ……
} camera_config_t;

这些成员分别对应了OV5640的DVP接口的8位数据输出，数据的内容根据不同的模式设置有所不同。如下图所示：

有人会问了，不是D[9:0]吗？怎么代码中只用了D[7:0]？上边又说是8位数据输出？其实是这样：OV5640的视频输出接口共有10位，为D[9:0]。当输出为10-bit RGB raw格式时，使用D[9:0]；当输出格式为8-bit YCbCr或8-bit RGB raw以及8-bit RGB 565时, 使用 D[9:2]。

回到示例代码中。camera_config_t结构的这几个输出数据成员已经弄清楚了，但是具体赋的是什么值，还要弄清楚。参见上边代码片段：