多元函数带 Peano余项的Taylor公式的推广 （原创）

多元函数带 Peano余项的Taylor公式的推广

设：
$m, n \in \mathbb N, m, n \ge 1,$
${\operatorname{D}}_j = \frac {\partial }{\partial x_j},$
${{\operatorname{D}}_j}^n = (\frac {\partial }{\partial x_j})^n = \frac {\partial^n }{\partial x_j^n},$
${{\operatorname{D}}_i}^m {{\operatorname{D}}_j}^n = (\frac {\partial }{\partial x_i})^m (\frac {\partial }{\partial x_j})^n= \frac {\partial^{m + n} }{\partial x_i^m \partial x_j^n},$
若 $f ( \mathbf{x} ) : \mathbb R^n \rightarrow \mathbb R, n \in \mathbb N, n \ge 1$ 在点 $\mathbf{x}\ k$ 阶可微， $k \in \mathbb N, k \ge 1,$ 在点 $\mathbf{x}$ 的某一邻域 $U$ 上有定义，则 $\forall (\mathbf{x} + \Delta \mathbf{x}) \in U,$
$f ( \mathbf{x} + \Delta \mathbf{x} ) - f ( \mathbf{x} ) = \sum_{i = 1}^{k} \dfrac{1}{i!} (\sum _{j = 1}^{n} (\Delta x_j {\operatorname{D}}_{j} ))^i f(\mathbf{x}) + o({[r(\Delta \mathbf{x})]}^{k}), r(\Delta \mathbf{x}) = ||\Delta \mathbf{x} ||$

证明：

(1) 令：

$$R_k(\Delta \mathbf{x}) = f ( \mathbf{x} + \Delta \mathbf{x} ) - f ( \mathbf{x} ) - \sum_{i = 1}^{k} \dfrac{1}{i!} (\sum _{j = 1}^{n} (\Delta x_j {\operatorname{D}}_{j} ))^i f(\mathbf{x}),$$

$$h(t, m, f, \Delta \mathbf{x}) = \dfrac{1}{m!} (\sum _{j = 1}^{n} (\Delta x_j {\operatorname{D}}_{j} ))^m f(\mathbf{x})$$

=1m!∑i=0mCim(Δxt)i(Dt)i(∑1≤j≤nj≠t(ΔxjD