1.裁剪
对于一些体积比较大,结构比较复杂的体数据进行体绘制的渲染效果难以展示其内部细节,需要用到裁剪技术来渲染部分数据。vtkVolumeMapper类中提供了两种裁剪技术,分别为Cropping和Clipping。
Cropping技术只支持VTKImageData数据的裁剪。该方法在每个坐标轴上定义两个裁剪面,共有6个裁剪面(xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax,zmin,zmax)。将三维空间分为27个可视区域。这些裁剪面仅与数据的原点和像素尺寸有关,而不依赖于数据的任何坐标运算,因此可以使用27位数字来定义这些区域,每一位表示一个区域。当某位上数字为1时,说明显示其对应的区域。在这些区域中,小于(xmin,ymin)的区域为第一位,然后根据先X方向,再Y轴方向,最后Z轴方向的顺序来定义每个区域的位号。例如,当只显示中间区域时,其对应的27位数字为0x0002000.
2.基于Cropping的裁剪技术
vtkVolumeMapper中定义了Cropping接口函数,使用Cropping进行裁剪的代码如下:
- <span style="font-size:18px;">volumeMapper->SetCropping(1);
- volumeMapper->SetCroppingRegionPlanes(50, 150, 50, 200, 50, 150);
- volumeMapper->SetCroppingRegionFlags(0x0002000);</span>
其中:
- vtkVolumeMapper::SetCropping(1),设置裁剪功能;
- vtkVolumeMapper::SetCroppingRegionPlanes(),设置三个坐标轴上六个裁剪面位置。
- vtkVolumeMapper::SetCroppingRegionFlag(),设置显示区域标记。
此外,该类也提供了其他成员函数设置显示区域,避免自行计算显示区域标记:
- SetCroppingRegionFlagsToSubVolume();
- SetCroppingRegionFlagsToFence();
- SetCroppingRegionFlagsToInvertedFence();
- SetCroppingRegionFlagsToCross();
- SetCroppingRegionFlagsToInvertedCross();
示例代码如下:
- <span style="font-size:18px;">#include <vtkAutoInit.h>
- VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL);
- VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingVolumeOpenGL);
- VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingFreeType);
- VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle);
-
-
- #include <vtkSmartPointer.h>
- #include <vtkStructuredPoints.h>//vtkStructuredPointsReader* -> vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper*
- #include <vtkStructuredPointsReader.h>
- #include <vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper.h>
- #include <vtkVolumeProperty.h>
- #include <vtkPiecewiseFunction.h>
- #include <vtkColorTransferFunction.h>
- #include <vtkVolume.h>
- #include <vtkRenderer.h>
- #include <vtkRenderWindow.h>
- #include <vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h>
- #include <vtkCamera.h>
-
-
- int main()
- {
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkStructuredPointsReader> reader =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkStructuredPointsReader>::New();
- reader->SetFileName("mummy.128.vtk");
- reader->Update();
-
-
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper> origMapper =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper>::New();
- origMapper->SetInputData(reader->GetOutput());
-
-
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper> volumeMapper =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper>::New();
- volumeMapper->SetInputData(reader->GetOutput());
- volumeMapper->SetCropping(1);
- volumeMapper->SetCroppingRegionPlanes(50, 150, 50, 200, 50, 150);
- volumeMapper->SetCroppingRegionFlags(0x0002000);
-
-
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkVolumeProperty> volumeProperty =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkVolumeProperty>::New();
- volumeProperty->SetInterpolationTypeToLinear();
- volumeProperty->ShadeOn();
- volumeProperty->SetAmbient(0.4);
- volumeProperty->SetDiffuse(0.6);
- volumeProperty->SetSpecular(0.2);
-
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkPiecewiseFunction> compositeOpacity =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkPiecewiseFunction>::New();
- compositeOpacity->AddPoint(70, 0.0);
- compositeOpacity->AddPoint(90, 0.4);
- compositeOpacity->AddPoint(180, 0.6);
- volumeProperty->SetScalarOpacity(compositeOpacity);
-
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkPiecewiseFunction> gradientOpacity =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkPiecewiseFunction>::New();
- gradientOpacity->AddPoint(10, 0.0);
- gradientOpacity->AddPoint(90, 0.5);
- gradientOpacity->AddPoint(100, 1.0);
- volumeProperty->SetGradientOpacity(gradientOpacity);
-
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkColorTransferFunction> color =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkColorTransferFunction>::New();
- color->AddRGBPoint(0, 0, 0, 0);
- color->AddRGBPoint(64, 1.0, 0.52, 0.3);
- color->AddRGBPoint(190.0, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00);
- color->AddRGBPoint(220.0, 0.20, 0.20, 0.20);
- volumeProperty->SetColor(color);
-
-
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkVolume> origVolume =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkVolume>::New();
- origVolume->SetMapper(origMapper);
- origVolume->SetProperty(volumeProperty);
-
-
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkVolume> croppingVolume =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkVolume>::New();
- croppingVolume->SetMapper(volumeMapper);
- croppingVolume->SetProperty(volumeProperty);
-
-
-
- double origView[4] = { 0, 0, 0.5, 1 };
- double croppingView[4] = { 0.5, 0, 1, 1 };
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> origRender =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
- origRender->AddVolume(origVolume);
- origRender->SetBackground(1, 1, 0);
- origRender->SetViewport(origView);
-
-
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> croppingRender =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
- croppingRender->AddVolume(croppingVolume);
- croppingRender->SetBackground(0, 1, 0);
- croppingRender->SetViewport(croppingView);
-
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow> rw =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow>::New();
- rw->AddRenderer(origRender);
- rw->AddRenderer(croppingRender);
- rw->SetWindowName("Cropping Volume");
- rw->SetSize(640, 320);
-
-
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor> rwi =
- vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor>::New();
- rwi->SetRenderWindow(rw);
-
-
- origRender->GetActiveCamera()->SetPosition(0, -1, 0);
- origRender->GetActiveCamera()->SetFocalPoint(0, 0, 0);
- origRender->GetActiveCamera()->SetViewUp(0,0,1);
- origRender->GetActiveCamera()->Azimuth(30);
- origRender->GetActiveCamera()->Elevation(30);
- origRender->ResetCamera();
- croppingRender->SetActiveCamera(origRender->GetActiveCamera());
-
- rw->Render();
- rwi->Start();
- return 0;
- }</span>
输出结果如下: