1.裁剪
对于一些体积较大,结果比较复杂的体绘制的渲染效果一展示其内部细节,需要用到裁剪技术来渲染部分数据。vtkVolumeMapper类中提供两种裁剪技术分别是Cropping和Clipping。
Cropping技术只支持VTKImageData数据的裁剪。该方法在每个坐标轴上定义两个裁剪面,共有6个裁剪面。将三维空间分为27个可视区域。这些裁剪面仅与数据的原点和像素尺寸有关,而不依赖数据的任何坐标运算,因此可以使用27位数字来定义这些区域,每一位表示一个区域。在这些区域中,小于(xmin,ymin)的区域为第一位,然后根据先X方向,最后Z轴方向的顺序来定义每个区域的位号。例如,当只显示中间区域时,其对应的27位数字为0x0002000.
2.基于Cropping 的裁剪技术
vtkVolumeMapper中定义了Cropping接口函数,使用Cropping进行裁剪的代码下:
volumeMapper->SetCropping(1);//开启Cropping功能 volumeMapper->SetCroppingRegionPlanes(50, 150, 50, 200, 50, 150);//设置三个坐标轴上6个裁剪面的位置 volumeMapper->SetCroppingRegionFlags(0x0002000);//设置显示区域标记
此外,该类也提供了其他成员函数设置显示区域,避免自行计算显示区域标记:
SetCroppingRegionFlagsToSubVolume();
SetCroppingRegionFlagsToFence();
SetCroppingRegionFlagsToInvertedFence();
SetCroppingRegionFlagsToCross();
SetCroppingRegionFlagsToInvertedCross();
#include <vtkAutoInit.h>
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2);
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingVolumeOpenGL2);
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingFreeType);
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle);
#include <vtkSmartPointer.h>
#include <vtkStructuredPoints.h>//vtkStructuredPointsReader* -> vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper*
#include <vtkStructuredPointsReader.h>
#include <vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper.h>
#include <vtkVolumeProperty.h>
#include <vtkPiecewiseFunction.h>
#include <vtkColorTransferFunction.h>
#include <vtkVolume.h>
#include <vtkRenderer.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindow.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h>
#include <vtkCamera.h>
int main()
{
vtkSmartPointer<vtkStructuredPointsReader> reader =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkStructuredPointsReader>::New();
reader->SetFileName("data/mummy.128.vtk");
reader->Update();
vtkSmartPointer<vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper> origMapper =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper>::New();
origMapper->SetInputData(reader->GetOutput());
vtkSmartPointer<vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper> volumeMapper =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkGPUVolumeRayCastMapper>::New();
volumeMapper->SetInputData(reader->GetOutput());
volumeMapper->SetCropping(1);//开启Cropping功能
volumeMapper->SetCroppingRegionPlanes(50, 150, 50, 200, 50, 150);
volumeMapper->SetCroppingRegionFlags(0x0002000);
/*****************************************************************/
//设置体绘制相关属性
vtkSmartPointer<vtkVolumeProperty> volumeProperty =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkVolumeProperty>::New();
volumeProperty->SetInterpolationTypeToLinear(); //设置线性插值方式
volumeProperty->ShadeOn();//开启阴影属性
volumeProperty->SetAmbient(0.4);//设置环境温度
volumeProperty->SetDiffuse(0.6);//设置漫反射系数
volumeProperty->SetSpecular(0.2);//设置镜面反射系数
//添加灰度不透明度属性
vtkSmartPointer<vtkPiecewiseFunction> compositeOpacity =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkPiecewiseFunction>::New();
compositeOpacity->AddPoint(70, 0.0);
compositeOpacity->AddPoint(90, 0.4);
compositeOpacity->AddPoint(180, 0.6);
volumeProperty->SetScalarOpacity(compositeOpacity);
//添加梯度不同明度属性
vtkSmartPointer<vtkPiecewiseFunction> gradientOpacity =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkPiecewiseFunction>::New();
gradientOpacity->AddPoint(10, 0.0);
gradientOpacity->AddPoint(90, 0.5);
gradientOpacity->AddPoint(100, 1.0);
volumeProperty->SetGradientOpacity(gradientOpacity);
//添加颜色传输
vtkSmartPointer<vtkColorTransferFunction> color =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkColorTransferFunction>::New();
color->AddRGBPoint(0, 0, 0, 0);
color->AddRGBPoint(64, 1.0, 0.52, 0.3);
color->AddRGBPoint(190.0, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00);
color->AddRGBPoint(220.0, 0.20, 0.20, 0.20);
volumeProperty->SetColor(color);
/***********************************************************/
//渲染管道
vtkSmartPointer<vtkVolume> origVolume =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkVolume>::New();
origVolume->SetMapper(origMapper);
origVolume->SetProperty(volumeProperty);
vtkSmartPointer<vtkVolume> croppingVolume =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkVolume>::New();
croppingVolume->SetMapper(volumeMapper);
croppingVolume->SetProperty(volumeProperty);
//
double origView[4] = { 0, 0, 0.5, 1 };
double croppingView[4] = { 0.5, 0, 1, 1 };
vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> origRender =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
origRender->AddVolume(origVolume);
origRender->SetBackground(1, 1, 0);
origRender->SetViewport(origView);
vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> croppingRender =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
croppingRender->AddVolume(croppingVolume);
croppingRender->SetBackground(0, 1, 0);
croppingRender->SetViewport(croppingView);
///
vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow> rw =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow>::New();
rw->AddRenderer(origRender);
rw->AddRenderer(croppingRender);
rw->SetWindowName("Cropping Volume");
rw->SetSize(640, 320);
vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor> rwi =
vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor>::New();
rwi->SetRenderWindow(rw);
origRender->GetActiveCamera()->SetPosition(0, -1, 0);
origRender->GetActiveCamera()->SetFocalPoint(0, 0, 0);
origRender->GetActiveCamera()->SetViewUp(0, 0, 1);
origRender->GetActiveCamera()->Azimuth(30);
origRender->GetActiveCamera()->Elevation(30);
origRender->ResetCamera();
croppingRender->SetActiveCamera(origRender->GetActiveCamera());
rw->Render();
rwi->Start();
return 0;
}