[一般人不知道的点] 五十年的生产线

最近读到一个文章，里面说了下面一段话。根据一般逻辑很难想象一个生产线可以维持五十年，购买五十年的期限。公司的寿命都不一定能到五十年。
https://www2.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2007/EECS-2007-72.pdf

But the resource limitations of 30 years ago are surely not resource limitations
today. Indeed, the technical challenges have centered more on predictability
and robustness than on efficiency. Safety-critical embedded systems,
such as avionics control systems for passenger aircraft, are forced into
an extreme form of the “encased box” mentality. For example, in order
to assure a 50 year production cycle for a fly-by-wire aircraft, an aircraft
manufacturer is forced to purchase, all at once, a 50 year supply of the microprocessors
that will run the embedded software. To ensure that validated
real-time performance is maintained, these microprocessors must all be manufactured
on the same production line from the same masks. The systems
will be unable to benefit from the next 50 years of technology improvements
without redoing the (extremely expensive) validation and certification of the
software. Evidently, efficiency is nearly irrelevant compared to predictability,
and predictability is difficult to achieve without freezing the design at the
physical level. Clearly, something is wrong with the software abstractions
being used.

小软饼的翻译：

事实上，技术挑战更多地集中在可预测性和稳健性上，而不是效率上。安全关键型嵌入式系统，例如客机的航空电子控制系统，被迫进入一种极端形式的“封闭箱”心态。例如，为了确保电传操纵飞机的 50 年生产周期，飞机制造商被迫一次性购买 50 年的微处理器供应量，以运行嵌入式软件。为了确保保持经过验证的实时性能，这些微处理器必须在同一条生产线上使用相同的掩模制造。如果不重新进行（极其昂贵的）软件验证和认证，系统将无法从未来 50 年的技术改进中受益。显然，与可预测性相比，效率几乎无关紧要，而可预测性。

有些软件，鲁棒性需求要大于效率。比如这种飞机的控制系统。