YOLO12训练自己数据集

1.深度学习环境配置

• 英伟达显卡驱动&cuda+cudnn
• anaconda/miniconda
• pycharm
• pytorch
  安装命令：以cuda12.4版本为例：下面给出pytorch官方网址
  https://pytorch.org/get-started/previous-versions/

conda install pytorch2.5.1 torchvision0.20.1 torchaudio==2.5.1
pytorch-cuda=12.4 -c pytorch -c nvidia

conda create -n yolo12 python=3.11
conda activate yolo12

2.下载yolo12源码

https://github.com/CVPR-engineer/yolo12

3.制作数据集

4.定义配置文件

4.1 数据集配置

publicRetailDatas.yaml

# Ultralytics YOLO 🚀, AGPL-3.0 license
# Signature dataset by Ultralytics
# Documentation: https://docs.ultralytics.com/datasets/detect/signature/
# Example usage: yolo train data=signature.yaml
# parent
# ├── ultralytics
# └── datasets
#     └── signature  ← downloads here (11.2 MB)

# Train/val/test sets as 1) dir: path/to/imgs, 2) file: path/to/imgs.txt, or 3) list: [path/to/imgs1, path/to/imgs2, ..]

train: E:/pycharmProjects/pythonProject11/paperData/DataDivideCenter/YOLO/images/train

val: E:/pycharmProjects/pythonProject11/paperData/DataDivideCenter/YOLO/images/val
# val images (relative to 'path') 35 images
test: E:/pycharmProjects/pythonProject11/paperData/DataDivideCenter/YOLO/images/test
# Classes
names:
  0: asm
  1: kouxiangtang
  2: lvjian
  3: maidong
  4: monilvcha
  5: redbull

nc: 6

4.2 网络模型配置

# YOLOv12 🚀, AGPL-3.0 license
# YOLOv12 object detection model with P3-P5 outputs. For Usage examples see https://docs.ultralytics.com/tasks/detect
# CFG file for YOLOv12-turbo

# Parameters
nc: 6 # number of classes
scales: # model compound scaling constants, i.e. 'model=yolov12n.yaml' will call yolov12.yaml with scale 'n'
  # [depth, width, max_channels]
  n: [0.50, 0.25, 1024] # summary: 497 layers, 2,553,904 parameters, 2,553,888 gradients, 6.2 GFLOPs
  s: [0.50, 0.50, 1024] # summary: 497 layers, 9,127,424 parameters, 9,127,408 gradients, 19.7 GFLOPs
  m: [0.50, 1.00, 512] # summary: 533 layers, 19,670,784 parameters, 19,670,768 gradients, 60.4 GFLOPs
  l: [1.00, 1.00, 512] # summary: 895 layers, 26,506,496 parameters, 26,506,480 gradients, 83.3 GFLOPs
  x: [1.00, 1.50, 512] # summary: 895 layers, 59,414,176 parameters, 59,414,160 gradients, 185.9 GFLOPs


# YOLO12-turbo backbone
backbone:
  # [from, repeats, module, args]
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [64, 3, 2]] # 0-P1/2
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [128, 3, 2, 1, 2]] # 1-P2/4
  - [-1, 2, C3k2,  [256, False, 0.25]]
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [256, 3, 2, 1, 4]] # 3-P3/8
  - [-1, 2, C3k2,  [512, False, 0.25]]
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [512, 3, 2]] # 5-P4/16
  - [-1, 4, A2C2f, [512, True, 4]]
  - [-1, 1, Conv,  [1024, 3, 2]] # 7-P5/32
  - [-1, 4, A2C2f, [1024, True, 1]] # 8

# YOLO12-turbo head
head:
  - [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]]
  - [[-1, 6], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat backbone P4
  - [-1, 2, A2C2f, [512, False, -1]] # 11

  - [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, "nearest"]]
  - [[-1, 4], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat backbone P3
  - [-1, 2, A2C2f, [256, False, -1]] # 14

  - [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]]
  - [[-1, 11], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat head P4
  - [-1, 2, A2C2f, [512, False, -1]] # 17

  - [-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]]
  - [[-1, 8], 1, Concat, [1]] # cat head P5
  - [-1, 2, C3k2, [1024, True]] # 20 (P5/32-large)

  - [[14, 17, 20], 1, Detect, [nc]] # Detect(P3, P4, P5)

注意修改nc即可

4.3 创建train.py

# @File: train_originalModel.py
# @Author: chen_song
# @Time: 2025-03-13 18:36

from ultralytics import YOLO

model = YOLO(r'F:\paperDatas\githubCode\yolo12\yolov12s.pt')

# Train the model
results = model.train(
  data=r'F:\paperDatas\githubCode\yolo12\ultralytics\cfg\datasets\publicRetailDatas.yaml',
  epochs=100,
  batch=8,
  imgsz=640,
  scale=0.5,  # S:0.9; M:0.9; L:0.9; X:0.9
  mosaic=1.0,
  mixup=0.0,  # S:0.05; M:0.15; L:0.15; X:0.2
  copy_paste=0.1,  # S:0.15; M:0.4; L:0.5; X:0.6
)

# Evaluate model performance on the validation set
metrics = model.val()

# Perform object detection on an image
results = model("runs/predict/image.jpg")
results[0].show()

4.4 运行结果展示