LTspice XVII——RC时间常数
电容充电公式:
V
=
V
i
(
1
−
e
−
t
R
C
)
V = V _ { i } ( 1 - e ^ { - \frac{t}{RC} } )
V=Vi(1−e−RCt)
电容放电公式:
V
=
V
i
∗
e
−
t
R
C
V= V_i *e ^ { - \frac{t}{RC} }
V=Vi∗e−RCt
“5RC经验准则”
以上,可知电容充电公式:
V
t
=
V
0
+
V
i
(
1
−
e
−
t
R
C
)
V_t = V_0 + V _ { i } ( 1 - e ^ { - \frac{t}{RC} })
Vt=V0+Vi(1−e−RCt)
若初始电压为0(
V
0
=
0
V_0 = 0
V0=0),则:
V
=
V
i
(
1
−
e
−
t
R
C
)
V = V _ { i } ( 1 - e ^ { - \frac{t}{RC} } )
V=Vi(1−e−RCt)
由上述公式可知,因为指数值只可能无限接近于0,所以电量完全充满,需要无穷大的时间。
t = RC时 ,
V
=
0.63
V
(
i
)
V = 0.63 V _ (i)
V=0.63V(i);
t = 2RC时,
V
=
0.86
V
(
i
)
V = 0.86V _ (i)
V=0.86V(i);
t = 3RC时,
V
=
0.95
V
(
i
)
V = 0.95V _ (i)
V=0.95V(i);
t = 4RC时,
V
=
0.98
V
(
i
)
V = 0.98V _ (i)
V=0.98V(i);
t = 5RC时,
V
=
0.99
V
(
i
)
V = 0.99V _ (i)
V=0.99V(i);
可见,"5RC经验准则"
电容充满电后,将电源短路,电容C会通过R放电,则任意时刻,电容上的电压为:
V
=
V
i
∗
e
−
t
R
C
V= V_i *e ^ { - \frac{t}{RC} }
V=Vi∗e−RCt
LTspice XVII 仿真