以下是一个基于STM32的RFID读写器的代码案例。这个案例使用STM32F103C8T6开发板和RC522 RFID模块。
- 初始化GPIO引脚: 首先,我们需要初始化STM32的GPIO引脚,将它们设置为适当的模式(输入或输出)。我们将使用SPI进行通信,所以我们还需要初始化SPI的引脚。
#include "stm32f10x.h"
void GPIO_setup(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); // enable clock for GPIOA
// Set SPI pins (MISO, MOSI, SCK) to Alternate Function Push Pull
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_5 | GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7;
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
// Set NSS (chip select) pin to General Purpose Output Push Pull
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_4;
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
// Set RST (reset) pin to General Purpose Output Push Pull
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_3;
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}
- 初始化SPI: 然后,我们需要初始化STM32的SPI接口,以便与RC522模块进行通信。我们需要设置SPI的工作模式、数据传输速度等。
#include "stm32f10x.h"
void SPI_setup(void)
{
SPI_InitTypeDef SPI_InitStruct;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1, ENABLE); // enable clock for SPI1
SPI_InitStruct.SPI_BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_2; // set SPI speed to 12 MHz (72 MHz / 2)
SPI_InitStruct.SPI_Direction = SPI_Direction_2Lines_FullDuplex; // set SPI mode to full duplex
SPI_InitStruct.SPI_Mode = SPI_Mode_Master; // set SPI mode to master
SPI_InitStruct.SPI_DataSize = SPI_DataSize_8b; // set SPI data size to 8 bits
SPI_InitStruct.SPI_CPOL = SPI_CPOL_Low; // set clock polarity to 0 when idle
SPI_InitStruct.SPI_CPHA = SPI_CPHA_1Edge; // capture data on the first edge
SPI_InitStruct.SPI_NSS = SPI_NSS_Soft; // set NSS pin to software control
SPI_InitStruct.SPI_FirstBit = SPI_FirstBit_MSB; // send MSB first
SPI_Init(SPI1, &SPI_InitStruct);
SPI_Cmd(SPI1, ENABLE); // enable SPI1 peripheral
}
- 初始化RC522模块: 接下来,我们需要初始化RC522模块,设置它的寄存器以及其他必要的配置。
#include "stm32f10x.h"
void RC522_init(void)
{
// Reset RC522
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_3);
delay(10);
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_3);
delay(10);
// Configure RC522
RC522_writeReg(0x2A, 0x8D); // antenna on
RC522_writeReg(0x2B, 0x3E); // modulation and signal strength (maximum 0x7F)
RC522_writeReg(0x2C, 0x40); // demodulator settings
RC522_writeReg(0x2D, 0x07); // receive gain adjustment
RC522_writeReg(0x2E, 0x80); // 4-level coder decoding, CRC output
// Configure MIFARE part of the module
RC522_writeReg(0x2A, RC522_readReg(0x2A) | 0x80); // enable MIFARE mode
RC522_writeReg(0x26, 0x1F); // transmit bit rate 106 kbps
RC522_writeReg(0x27, 0x20); // receive bit rate 106 kbps
RC522_writeReg(0x40, 0x80); // initialize FIFO buffer
RC522_writeReg(0x11, 0x3D); // transmit timer (minimum of 302 us between transmissions)
}
- 读取卡片UID: 现在,我们可以编写一个函数来读取卡片的UID(唯一标识符)。我们将使用RC522模块的寄存器和命令来实现这个功能。
#include "stm32f10x.h"
void readCardUID(uint8_t* uid)
{
uint8_t status;
uint8_t buffer[MAX_RFID_BUFFER_SIZE];
uint8_t bufferSize = MAX_RFID_BUFFER_SIZE;
RC522_writeReg(0x0A, 0x00); // clear FIFO buffer
RC522_writeReg(0x0A, 0x80); // start new command
RC522_writeReg(0x0A, 0x50); // transfer command
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < bufferSize; i++)
{
buffer[i] = 0x00;
}
status = RC522_readReg(0x0A) & 0x01;
while ((status != 0x01) && (status != 0x03))
{
status = RC522_readReg(0x0A) & 0x01;
}
if (status == 0x01)
{
bufferSize = RC522_readReg(0x0B);
if (bufferSize == 0x10)
{
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < bufferSize; i++)
{
uid[i] = RC522_readReg(0x09);
}
}
}
}
- 主函数: 最后,在主函数中,我们将首先初始化GPIO和SPI引脚,然后初始化RC522模块。然后,我们将不断读取卡片的UID,并将其打印到串口输出。
#include "stm32f10x.h"
int main(void)
{
uint8_t uid[MAX_RFID_BUFFER_SIZE];
GPIO_setup();
SPI_setup();
RC522_init();
UART_init();
while (1)
{
readCardUID(uid);
printUID(uid);
delay(500);
}
}
这是一个简单的RFID读写器的代码案例,使用STM32和RC522模块来读取卡片的UID。你可以根据需要进行修改和扩展,以实现更多的功能,比如写入卡片、验证卡片等。