图像处理100问-大津法-otsu全局自适应阈值分割

import cv2
import numpy as np


# Gray scale
def BGR2GRAY(img):
	b = img[:, :, 0].copy()
	g = img[:, :, 1].copy()
	r = img[:, :, 2].copy()

	# Gray scale
	out = 0.2126 * r + 0.7152 * g + 0.0722 * #bgr转灰度图像
	out = out.astype(np.uint8)#八位整型灰度

	return out

# Otsu Binarization
def otsu_binarization(img, th=128):
	max_sigma = 0
	max_t = 0

	# determine threshold
	for _t in range(1, 255):
		v0 = out[np.where(out < _t)]#out里面小于_t的灰度值存到v0里，这是前景像素的处理
		m0 = np.mean(v0) if len(v0) > 0 else 0.#对v0求均值也就是求平均灰度m0
		w0 = len(v0) / (H * W)#某像素所占整个图像像素比例
		v1 = out[np.where(out >= _t)]#同理，这个是背景元素处理
		m1 = np.mean(v1) if len(v1) > 0 else 0.
		w1 = len(v1) / (H * W)
		sigma = w0 * w1 * ((m0 - m1) ** 2)#一个特定公式
		if sigma > max_sigma:
			max_sigma = sigma#得到最大的sigma
			max_t = _t#得到最大的t

	# Binarization
	print("threshold >>", max_t)
	th = max_t
	out[out < th] = 0
	out[out >= th] = 255

	return out


# Read image
img = cv2.imread("imori.jpg").astype(np.float32)
H, W, C =img.shape


# Grayscale
out = BGR2GRAY(img)

# Otsu's binarization
out = otsu_binarization(out)

# Save result
cv2.imwrite("out.jpg", out)
cv2.imshow("result", out)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()