Ubuntu增加一块硬盘添加到卷组并扩展逻辑卷

skywalk8163

于 2024-08-21 07:00:00 发布

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分类专栏：软硬件调试文章标签： ubuntu linux 运维

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/skywalk8163/article/details/141350047

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在虚拟机里给Ubuntu增加一块硬盘，跟物理机的操作一样，只是硬盘的盘符为vda和vdb罢了。

首先看下新增加的硬盘，识别出来了：

lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop0 7:0 0 63.9M 1 loop /snap/core20/2318
loop1 7:1 0 63.4M 1 loop /snap/core20/1974
loop2 7:2 0 111.9M 1 loop /snap/lxd/24322
loop3 7:3 0 87M 1 loop /snap/lxd/29351
loop4 7:4 0 53.3M 1 loop /snap/snapd/19457
loop5 7:5 0 38.8M 1 loop /snap/snapd/21759
sr0 11:0 1 2.7M 0 rom
vda 252:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─vda1 252:1 0 953M 0 part /boot/efi
├─vda2 252:2 0 1.8G 0 part /boot
└─vda3 252:3 0 17.3G 0 part
└─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0 0 17.3G 0 lvm /
vdb 252:16 0 10G 0 disk

尝试加载

sudo vgextend ubuntu-vg /dev/vdb

说没有vgextend这个命令

也许vdb还需要格式化一下。

分区：

fdisk /dev/vdb

后面有点乱，就又重新做了一遍。

再来操作一遍

先看看硬盘信息

sudo fdisk -l

Disk /dev/loop5: 38.83 MiB, 40714240 bytes, 79520 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/vda: 20 GiB, 21474967552 bytes, 41943296 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 151A0432-2D62-4909-9CA7-73BF5B861A92

Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/vda1 2048 1953791 1951744 953M EFI System
/dev/vda2 1953792 5623807 3670016 1.8G Linux filesystem
/dev/vda3 5623808 41940991 36317184 17.3G Linux filesystem

Disk /dev/vdb: 10 GiB, 10737549312 bytes, 20971776 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 0D4478B6-ED80-7743-B8EA-E9DC3B8A51C7

Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv: 17.32 GiB, 18593349632 bytes, 36315136 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes

新加入的是/dev/vdb

对vdb进行分区

sudo fdisk /dev/vdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1): 
First sector (2048-20971742, default 2048): 
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-20971742, default 20971742): 

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 10 GiB.

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

再次查看分区

sudo fdisk -l

Disk /dev/vdb: 10 GiB, 10737549312 bytes, 20971776 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 0D4478B6-ED80-7743-B8EA-E9DC3B8A51C7

Device     Start      End  Sectors Size Type
/dev/vdb1   2048 20971742 20969695  10G Linux filesystem

新建物理卷

sudo pvcreate /dev/vdb1
  Physical volume "/dev/vdb1" successfully created.

查看卷

lsblk
NAME                      MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop5                       7:5    0  38.8M  1 loop /snap/snapd/21759
sr0                        11:0    1   2.7M  0 rom  
vda                       252:0    0    20G  0 disk 
├─vda1                    252:1    0   953M  0 part /boot/efi
├─vda2                    252:2    0   1.8G  0 part /boot
└─vda3                    252:3    0  17.3G  0 part 
  └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0    0  17.3G  0 lvm  /
vdb                       252:16   0    10G  0 disk 
└─vdb1                    252:17   0    10G  0 part

然后，首先看看我们的卷名：

sudo vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
ubuntu-vg 2 1 0 wz--n- 27.31g <10.00g

也就是vg名为ubuntu-vg（这里是添加之后，因为添加之前忘记保存vgs的输出了，所以里面有10G空余空间）

把/dev/vdb1添加到ubuntu-vg

使用下面命令把/dev/vdb1添加到ubuntu-vg ：

sudo vgextend ubuntu-vg  /dev/vdb1

如果重复添加，会报错：

sudo vgextend ubuntu-vg /dev/vdb1
Physical volume '/dev/vdb1' is already in volume group 'ubuntu-vg'
Unable to add physical volume '/dev/vdb1' to volume group 'ubuntu-vg'
/dev/vdb1: physical volume not initialized.

添加之后，查看

sudo vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
ubuntu-vg 2 1 0 wz--n- 27.31g <10.00g

可以看到有10G的空间未分配

使用lvextend扩充逻辑卷

把所有未分配空间分配上：

sudo lvextend -r -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv

查看分配结果，可以看到空间大了10G：

skywalk@ub12:~$ sudo vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
ubuntu-vg 2 1 0 wz--n- 27.31g 0
skywalk@ub12:~$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs 392M 1.1M 390M 1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 27G 16G 11G 61% /
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
/dev/vda2 1.7G 149M 1.5G 10% /boot
/dev/vda1 952M 6.1M 946M 1% /boot/efi
tmpfs 392M 4.0K 391M 1% /run/user/1001
tmpfs 392M 4.0K 391M 1% /run/user/1000