OpenCV学习三十：approxPolyDP 多边拟合函数

approxPolyDP 主要功能是把一个连续光滑曲线折线化，对图像轮廓点进行多边形拟合。

原理图：对比之前黑点连线，之后蓝色连线：

C++: void approxPolyDP(InputArray curve, OutputArray approxCurve, double epsilon, bool closed)

 

参数详解;

InputArray curve:一般是由图像的轮廓点组成的点集

OutputArray approxCurve：表示输出的多边形点集

double epsilon：主要表示输出的精度，就是另个轮廓点之间最大距离数，5,6,7，，8，，,,，

bool closed：表示输出的多边形是否封闭

 

1. #include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

2. #include <stdio.h>

3. #include <stdlib.h>

4. #include <iostream>

5.  
6.  

7. using namespace cv;

8. using namespace std;

9.  
10.  

11. int main(int argc, char** argv)

12. {

13. Mat img = imread("4.jpg", -1);

14. pyrDown(img, img, Size(img.cols/2, img.rows/2), 4);

15. imshow("img", img);imwrite("img.jpg", img);

16.  

17. //通过canny算法找轮廓，这样 findcontours 的结果会好些

18. Mat canny_out;

19. Canny(img, canny_out, 45, 127, 3, false);

20. imshow("canny_out", canny_out);imwrite("canny_out.jpg", canny_out);

21.  

22. //寻找轮廓

23. vector<vector<Point>> contours;

24. vector<Vec4i> hierachy;

25. findContours(canny_out, contours, hierachy, RETR_TREE, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(-1,-1));

26. drawContours(img, contours, -1, Scalar(0,0,255), 1, 8, hierachy);

27.  

28. //定义圆形、方形、旋转矩形、椭圆的存储容器

29. vector<vector<Point>> contours_ploy(contours.size());

30. vector<Rect> rects_ploy(contours.size());

31. vector<Point2f> circle_centers(contours.size());

32. vector<float> circle_radius(contours.size());

33. vector<RotatedRect> RotatedRect_ploy;//注意：由于下面赋值的过程中有个点数大于5的条件，所以这里没有直接初始化，才有下面pushback的方法添加值。

34. vector<RotatedRect> ellipse_ploy;//注意，这里是画椭圆，但是容器类型是 RotatedRect

35.  

36. //将结果放到各自的容器中

37. for (size_t i = 0; i< contours.size(); i++)

38. {

39. approxPolyDP(contours[i], contours_ploy[i], 5, true);

40. rects_ploy[i] = boundingRect(contours_ploy[i]);

41. minEnclosingCircle(contours_ploy[i], circle_centers[i], circle_radius[i]);

42.  

43. if (contours_ploy[i].size() >5)

44. {

45. RotatedRect temp1 = minAreaRect(contours_ploy[i]);

46. RotatedRect_ploy.push_back(temp1);

47.  

48. RotatedRect temp2 = fitEllipse(contours_ploy[i]);

49. ellipse_ploy.push_back(temp2);

50. }

51. }

52.  

53. //定义最终绘图的图片

54. Mat draw_rect(img.size(), img.type(), Scalar::all(0)),

55. draw_rotateRect(img.size(), img.type(), Scalar::all(0)),

56. draw_circle(img.size(), img.type(), Scalar::all(0)),

57. draw_ellipse(img.size(), img.type(), Scalar::all(0));

58.  

59. //绘图圆形、矩形

60. RNG rng(12345);

61. for (size_t i = 0; i<contours.size(); i++)

62. {

63. Scalar color = Scalar(rng.uniform(0,255), rng.uniform(0,255), rng.uniform(0,255));

64. rectangle(draw_rect, rects_ploy[i], color, 1, 8);

65. circle(draw_circle, circle_centers[i], circle_radius[i], color, 1, 8);

66. }

67. imshow("draw_rect", draw_rect);imwrite("draw_rect.jpg", draw_rect);

68. imshow("draw_circle", draw_circle);imwrite("draw_circle.jpg", draw_circle);

69.  

70. //绘图椭圆形、旋转矩形

71. Point2f pot[4];

72. for (size_t i = 0; i<ellipse_ploy.size(); i++)

73. {

74. Scalar color = Scalar(rng.uniform(0,255), rng.uniform(0,255), rng.uniform(0,255));

75. ellipse(draw_ellipse, ellipse_ploy[i], color, 1, 8);

76.  

77. RotatedRect_ploy[i].points(pot);

78. for(int j=0; j<4; j++)

79. {

80. line(draw_rotateRect, pot[j], pot[(j+1)%4], color);

81. }

82. }

83. imshow("draw_ellipse", draw_ellipse);imwrite("draw_ellipse.jpg", draw_ellipse);

84. imshow("draw_rotateRect", draw_rotateRect);imwrite("draw_rotateRect.jpg", draw_rotateRect);

85.  
86.  

87. waitKey();

88. return 1;

89. }