题目
已知函数 f(x)=ln(x+1)+ax+1+sin(x)
(1)若f(x)在(-1,0)上是增函数,求a的取值范围;
(2)若a=-2,且函数f(x)有2个零点 x 1 x_1 x1, x 2 x_2 x2( x 1 x_1 x1> x 2 x_2 x2>-1),求证 x 1 + 1 x 2 + 1 {x_1 + 1} \over {x_2 + 1} x2+1x1+1> x 1 − x 2 + 1 e {x_1-x_2+1} \over {e} ex1−x2+1.
解析
(1)
若f(x)是在(-1,0)上是增函数,那么
f
′
f'
f′(x)在(-1,0)上
≥
\geq
≥ 0。
估可令
f
′
(
x
)
f'(x)
f′(x)=t(x)=
1
x
+
1
{1} \over {x+1}
x+11 +
cos
\cos
cosx+a
而t’=-
1
(
x
+
1
)
2
1 \over {(x+1)^2}
(x+1)21-sinx
≤
\leq
≤ -1 - sinx
≤
\leq
≤ 0,
估t(x)在(-1,0)上递减,
∴
\therefore
∴
t
(
x
)
m
i
n
t(x)_{min}
t(x)min=t(0)=2+a
≥
\geq
≥ 0
∴
\therefore
∴a
≥
\geq
≥ -2
备注
当x
∈
\in
∈(-1,0)时,x+1< 1,(x+1)
2
^2
2<1,
1
(
x
+
1
)
2
>
1
\frac {1} {(x+1)^2} >1
(x+1)21>1
-
1
(
x
+
1
)
2
<
−
1
\frac {1} {(x+1)^2} <-1
(x+1)21<−1
(2)
f(x)=ln(x+1)-2x+sinx (x > -1)
由(1)知,f(x)在(-1,0)单调递增,且在(0,+
∞
\infty
∞)上时,f’(x)=
1
x
+
1
1 \over {x+1}
x+11 -2 + cosx < 1+1-2=0
∴
\therefore
∴f(x)在(0,+
∞
\infty
∞)上递减,
f(-
1
2
1 \over 2
21)=ln
1
2
1 \over 2
21+1 +1 + sin(-
1
2
1 \over 2
21)=-ln2 + 2 -sin(
1
2
1 \over 2
21) > 2-ln2-sin
π
6
π \over 6
6π=
3
2
3 \over 2
23-ln2 >
3
2
3 \over 2
23-1=
1
2
1 \over 2
21 >0
当x
→
\rightarrow
→-
1
+
1^+
1+时,f(x)
→
\rightarrow
→-
∞
\infty
∞.
由零点定理得
x
2
x_2
x2
∈
\in
∈(-1,-
1
2
1 \over 2
21)
f(1)=ln2-2+1+sin1=ln2-1+sin1>ln2-1+sin
π
6
π \over 6
6π =ln2 -1 +
1
2
1 \over 2
21 =ln2 -
1
2
1 \over 2
21 > ln
e
\sqrt{e}
e-
1
2
1 \over 2
21=0
∴
\therefore
∴
x
1
x_1
x1
∈
\in
∈ (1,+
∞
\infty
∞)
x
1
+
1
x
2
+
1
x_1 + 1 \over x_2+1
x2+1x1+1>
x
1
+
1
−
1
2
+
1
x_1 + 1 \over -{ 1 \over 2}+1
−21+1x1+1=2
x
1
x_1
x1+2 (1式)
备注
-1<x
2
_2
2<-
1
2
1 \over 2
21, -1+1<x
2
_2
2+1< -
1
2
1 \over 2
21+1,
0<x
2
_2
2+1< -
1
2
1 \over 2
21+1,
+
∞
\infty
∞>
1
x
2
+
1
\frac {1} {x_2+1}
x2+11>
1
−
1
2
+
1
\frac {1} {-\frac {1} {2}+1}
−21+11
∵ \because ∵ 2 x 1 2x_1 2x1+2 > x 1 e + \frac {x_1} {e}+ ex1+ 2 e \frac {2} {e} e2= x 1 + 2 e \frac {x_1+2} {e} ex1+2 (2式)
∵ \because ∵ x 1 − x 2 + 1 e \frac {x_1 - x_2 +1} {e} ex1−x2+1< x 1 − ( − 1 ) + 1 e \frac {x_1 - (-1) +1} {e} ex1−(−1)+1= x 1 + 2 e \frac { x_1 +2} {e} ex1+2 (3式)
备注
x 2 _2 2>-1, - x 2 _2 2<-(-1),
综合1式,2式,3式有
x
1
+
1
x
2
+
1
x_1 + 1 \over x_2+1
x2+1x1+1>2
x
1
x_1
x1+2>
x
1
+
2
e
\frac {x_1+2} {e}
ex1+2 >
x
1
−
x
2
+
1
e
\frac {x_1 - x_2 +1} {e}
ex1−x2+1