IAP之boot实现

flash基本规划

为实现IAP升级，一般将flash规划成如上区域。
bootloader: 系统引导
app: 主程序运行的地方
update: 新的主程序固件存放的地方
这里给bootloader预留16K的空间，所以APP所在地址是0x08004000，编译APP时，要注意将中断向量表的偏移地址设置为0x4000

bootloader要完成的功能

根据以上描述，bootloader应有以下功能

1. 跳转功能，可以跳转到app区执行主程序
2. 固件搬运功能，因为固件中断向量偏移是固定的0x4000，所以如果有新固件，需要将新固件转移到app区再跳转（APP区地址偏移需和中断向量偏移对应）

bootloader实现

根据上节分析，实现bootloader要有如下工作：

1. 编写读写内部flash的接口
2. 编写跳转到指定地址运行程序的代码

• 根据ST官方例程实现的flash操作接口：
  擦除操作

// flash只能按页擦除。第一个参数是待擦除的起始页，第二个参数是要擦除的页数
uint32_t FLASH_If_Erase(uint32_t start_page, uint8_t pages)
{
  uint32_t PageError = 0;
  FLASH_EraseInitTypeDef pEraseInit;
  HAL_StatusTypeDef status = HAL_OK;

  /* Unlock the Flash to enable the flash control register access *************/ 
  HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

  pEraseInit.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_PAGES;
  pEraseInit.PageAddress = start_page;
  pEraseInit.Banks = FLASH_BANK_1;
  pEraseInit.NbPages = pages;
  status = HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&pEraseInit, &PageError);

  /* Lock the Flash to disable the flash control register access (recommended
     to protect the FLASH memory against possible unwanted operation) *********/
  HAL_FLASH_Lock();

  if (status != HAL_OK)
  {
    /* Error occurred while page erase */
    return FLASHIF_ERASEKO;
  }

  return FLASHIF_OK;
}

写flash

#define UPDATE_APP_ADDRESS     (uint32_t)0x0802C000      /* ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_88 */
#define APP_ADDRESS            (uint32_t)0x08004000
uint32_t FLASH_If_Write(uint32_t destination, uint32_t *p_source, uint32_t length)
{
  uint32_t i = 0;

  /* Unlock the Flash to enable the flash control register access *************/
  HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

  for (i = 0; (i < length) && (destination <= (USER_FLASH_END_ADDRESS-4)); i++)
  {
    /* Device voltage range supposed to be [2.7V to 3.6V], the operation will
       be done by word */ 
    if (HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_WORD, destination, *(uint32_t*)(p_source+i)) == HAL_OK)      
    {
     /* Check the written value */
      if (*(uint32_t*)destination != *(uint32_t*)(p_source+i))
      {
        /* Flash content doesn't match SRAM content */
        return(FLASHIF_WRITINGCTRL_ERROR);
      }
      /* Increment FLASH destination address */
      destination += 4;
    }
    else
    {
      /* Error occurred while writing data in Flash memory */
      return (FLASHIF_WRITING_ERROR);
    }
  }

  /* Lock the Flash to disable the flash control register access (recommended
     to protect the FLASH memory against possible unwanted operation) *********/
  HAL_FLASH_Lock();

  return (FLASHIF_OK);
}

• 固件转移

void AppMove(void) {
  // 新固件区的首个字是存放固件大小的
  uint32_t file_size = *(uint32_t*)UPDATE_APP_ADDRESS;
  uint32_t pages_use = 0;
  uint32_t* data_ptr = NULL;
  uint32_t file_size_word = 0;

  if (file_size != 0xffffffff) {
    
    printf("move app\n");
    data_ptr = (uint32_t*)(UPDATE_APP_ADDRESS + 4);
    // 计算需要擦除的页数
    pages_use = file_size / FLASH_PAGE_SIZE + 1;
    printf("size: %d pages_use: %d\n", file_size, pages_use);
    file_size_word = file_size / 4;
    FLASH_If_Erase(APP_ADDRESS, pages_use);
    // 读取UPDATA区并写入APP跳转区域
    FLASH_If_Write(APP_ADDRESS, data_ptr, file_size_word);
    // 擦除UPDATA区
    FLASH_If_Erase(UPDATE_APP_ADDRESS, pages_use);
  } else {
    printf("no new app\n");
  }
}

• 程序跳转

typedef void (*pFunction)(void);
void AppJump(void) {
  printf("jump\n");
  if (((*(__IO uint32_t*)APP_ADDRESS) & 0x2FFE0000 ) == 0x20000000) {
    uint32_t jump_addr = *(__IO uint32_t*)(APP_ADDRESS + 4);
    pFunction jump_to_app = (pFunction)jump_addr;
    __set_MSP(*(__IO uint32_t*)APP_ADDRESS);
    __disable_irq();
    jump_to_app();
  }
}

• main.c

int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART3_UART_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
  AppMove();
  AppJump();
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

bool就完成了 IAP参考这里