In Black communities and other communities of color, pollution is a daily struggle, not just during wildfire season—and getting accurate air quality data often depends on your ZIP code.
在黑人社区和其他有色人种社区，污染是日常的斗争，而不仅仅是在野火季节—准确的空气质量数据通常取决于您的邮政编码。
Images of deep red and orange skies across California, Oregon, and Washington state have drawn comparisons to futuristic science-fiction film Blade Runner 2049, but the wildfires that caused them represent an immediate climate emergency that will require a new focus on worsening air quality, particularly in marginalized communities.
遍布加利福尼亚，俄勒冈和华盛顿州的深红色和橙色天空的图像与未来派科幻电影《银翼杀手2049》进行了比较，但造成它们的野火代表了立即的气候紧急情况，需要重新关注空气质量的恶化，特别是在边缘化社区中。
Many in these states have turned to PurpleAir, which produces an online map based on data pulled from 8,000 company-made sensors, in order to gain more detailed information on the amount of harmful particulate pollution in their neighborhoods. For some, the harmful irritants are visible to the naked eye; no online map needed.
这些州的许多人已转向PurpleAir ，该公司根据从8,000个公司制造的传感器中提取的数据生成在线地图，以获取有关其附近地区有害颗粒物污染量的更多详细信息。 对于某些人来说，有害刺激物是肉眼可见的。 无需在线地图。
In Black communities and other communities of color, though, pollution is a daily struggle, not just during wildfire season.
但是，在黑人社区和其他有色社区中，污染是每天的斗争，而不仅仅是在野火季节。
“We have all been talking about this recently, but what about the unhealthy air quality that may be in these communities on a regular day when no fires are burning?” says Mandolyn Ludlum, a veteran educator and community organizer from Oakland, California.
“最近我们都在谈论这个问题，但是如果没有火在燃烧，那么每天在这些社区中出现的不健康空气质量又如何呢？” 来自加利福尼亚奥克兰的资深教育家和社区组织者曼多琳·卢德姆(Mandolyn Ludlum)说。
This year’s State of the Air study from the American Lung Association finds that 57 percent of Americans who are people of color live in counties with a failing grade for ozone and air pollution, compared to just 38 percent for white Americans. And it comes as the federal government rolls back environmental protections.
美国肺脏协会今年的空气状况研究发现，有色人种的美国人中有57％生活在臭氧和空气污染等级不及格的县，而白人美国人只有38％。 随之而来的是联邦政府取消了环境保护。
Community-sourced data lies at the heart of air quality monitoring today. In the case of PurpleAir, its air quality index (AQI) map data measures indexes from different regions through partnerships with entities like the University of Utah’s AQandU. This makes for an easy-to-read and frequently updated map and interface on its website.
来自社区的数据是当今空气质量监测的核心。 以PurpleAir为例，其空气质量指数(AQI)地图数据通过与犹他大学AQandU等实体的合作来测量来自不同地区的指数。 这使得网站上的地图和界面易于阅读且经常更新。
Founder Adrian Dybwad created PurpleAir to measure the air quality near his own home in Utah after a mine expansion. He says good data can help climate activists move the needle, but acknowledges that there are large gaps in the PurpleAir map, in part because its sensors-which can cost hundreds of dollars -aren’t affordable for most consumers.
˚Founder阿德里安Dybwad创建PurpleAir矿扩建后测量附近自己的家在犹他州的空气质量。 他说，良好的数据可以帮助气候活动分子改变方向，但是他承认，紫色空气地图上还有很大的空白，部分原因是它的传感器(可能要花费数百美元)对于大多数消费者来说负担不起。
For those in marginalized communities, that means they are living without the ability to consistently measure and share how they’re directly affected by poor air quality often created by nearby industrial facilities or the traffic infrastructure in their neighborhoods.
对于处于边缘化社区的人们来说，这意味着他们无法持续衡量和分享他们如何直接受到附近工业设施或附近交通基础设施造成的不良空气质量的直接影响。
“My mom teaches in East Oakland through the Oakland Unified School District and her school is next door to a company that processes asbestos! Where my mother teaches and where I teach is less than 15 miles apart, but have incredibly different resources. Health should not be determined by a ZIP code, but it is,” Ludlum says.
“我妈妈通过奥克兰统一学区在东奥克兰教书，她的学校就在一家处理石棉的公司的隔壁！ 我母亲在哪里教书，我在哪里教书，相距不到15英里，但资源却极为不同。 健康状况不应该由邮政编码来决定，而应该由邮政编码决定。” Ludlum说。
These issues do weigh on those producing air quality monitoring sensors. At Airviz, the company moved away from producing its own Speck indoor air quality monitor for the consumer market to focus on partnering with larger companies, like 3M. “We’re trying to get the tech to a larger scale and in the process make it more affordable to everyone.” says Dömötör Gulyas, technical director at Airviz.
这些问题确实给那些生产空气质量监测传感器的人造成了压力。 在Airviz上，该公司不再为消费者市场生产自己的Speck室内空气质量监测仪，而是专注于与3M等大型公司合作。 “我们正在尝试扩大技术的规模，并在此过程中使每个人都能负担得起。” Airviz技术总监DömötörGulyas说。
Airviz got its start at Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania’s Allegheny County, a region that consistently receives “F” grades from the State of the Air report. In partnership with a local hospital, it started a program to measure the indoor air quality in households with pregnant mothers and is studying the effects of coal mining and fracking on outdoor air quality.
Airviz始于宾夕法尼亚州阿勒格尼县的卡内基梅隆大学，该地区一直获得《空气状况》报告的“ F”级评级。 该公司与当地一家医院合作，启动了一项计划，对有怀孕母亲的家庭的室内空气质量进行测量，并正在研究采煤和压裂对室外空气质量的影响。
“Having clean air is a proxy for having a safe space, and that means that you have to know what’s in your air in order to be actionable in real time,” Gulyas says.
Gulyas说：“拥有洁净的空气是拥有安全空间的代表，这意味着您必须知道空气中的成分，才能实时采取行动。”
On the West Coast, Ludlum views this situation as an actionable moment for Silicon Valley. “In an area of the country where technology companies are thriving, part of the social contract with the community should be to provide free or very low-cost monitors to communities and schools (and provide training and support for using them) as soon as possible.”
在西海岸，卢德姆(Ludlum)将这种情况视为硅谷可采取的行动。 “在科技公司蓬勃发展的国家地区，与社区的社会契约的一部分应该是尽快向社区和学校提供免费或成本低廉的监控器(并提供使用它们的培训和支持) 。”
That’s no easy task. “Often times, private industry does things for their own personal profit instead of the greater good. I think there should be more done by the federal government to make these sensors more available to the public,” says Peter Mann, founder and CEO of Oransi.
这不是一件容易的事。 “通常，私营企业为了自己的个人利益而做事，而不是为了更大的利益。 我认为，联邦政府应该做更多的工作，以使这些传感器对公众更加可用。” Oransi创始人兼首席执行官Peter Mann说道。
Oransi created AirLift, a social impact program that has partnered with the Los Angeles Unified School District’s efforts to combat childhood asthma among students. It donated HEPA air purifiers, with hopes to further expand in New York and Texas over the next few months.
奥兰西(Oransi)创建了AirLift ，这是一项社会影响计划，与洛杉矶联合学区(Los Angeles Unified School District)开展的抗击学生哮喘的合作。 它捐赠了HEPA空气净化器，希望在未来几个月内在纽约和德克萨斯州进一步扩大规模。
Communities of color are mobilizing themselves with groups such as the Airkeepers in North Carolina to attain more sensor technology and therefore better air quality data. They’ve also made this part of their larger agenda of climate justice, partnering with groups like the NAACP to shape policies going forward. With a presidential election weeks away, these efforts are more vital than ever.
有色人种正在与北卡罗来纳州的航空兵等组织动员起来，以获得更多的传感器技术，从而获得更好的空气质量数据。 他们还与美国国家气候变化计划署(NAACP)等组织合作，共同制定了未来的政策，并将其纳入了更大的气候正义议程。 距离总统大选只有几周的时间，这些努力比以往任何时候都更加重要。
Originally published at https://www.pcmag.com.
最初发布在https://www.pcmag.com上。
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