shamir秘密共享方案_Shamir秘密分享的初学者指南

shamir秘密共享方案

An introduction to this privacy-preserving cryptographic technique and how Keyless is using it to transform the way we share and store private data across the internet.

此隐私保护密码技术的介绍，以及Keyless如何使用它来改变我们在Internet上共享和存储私人数据的方式。

Shamir’s Secret Sharing scheme is an important cryptographic algorithm that allows private information— “secrets” — to be distributed securely amongst an untrusted network.

Shamir的“秘密共享”方案是一种重要的加密算法，它允许将私有信息(“秘密”)安全地分发到不受信任的网络中。

It is one of the cryptographic techniques that Keyless uses to ensure that personal data is kept safe and secure — whether that’s biometric data, private keys or any other personal information that should not be made public.

这是Keyless用来确保个人数据安全的加密技术之一，无论是生物识别数据，私钥还是不应公开的任何其他个人信息。

To understand Shamir’s Secret Sharing, first it’s important to understand what secret sharing aims to achieve.

要了解Shamir的秘密共享，首先重要的是要了解秘密共享旨在实现的目标。

什么是秘密分享？ (What is secret sharing?)

In cryptography, secret sharing is a way to securely distribute fragments of important private information amongst a distributed network or group, making such schemes particularly useful for safeguarding highly sensitive information like private cryptographic keys or biometric data.

在密码学中，秘密共享是一种在分布式网络或组中安全地分布重要私有信息片段的方法，这使得此类方案对于保护高度敏感的信息(例如私有密码密钥或生物特征数据)特别有用。

Secret sharing works by splitting private information into smaller pieces — or shares — and then distributing those shares amongst a group or network.

秘密共享的工作方式是将私人信息分成较小的部分(或份额)，然后将这些份额分配到组或网络中。

Each individual share is useless on its own but when all the shares are together, they reconstruct an original secret.

每个单独的共享本身都是无用的，但是当所有共享在一起时，它们将重建一个原始的秘密。

Imagine that you had one million dollars that you kept in a bank account, and in order to access this bank account you used to the password: secret.

想象一下，您有一个银行帐户中存有一百万美元，并且为了访问该银行帐户，您使用了密码： secret 。

You could split it up and distribute a letter each to six trusted shareholders.

您可以将其拆分，然后分别给六个受信任的股东分发一封信。

s_____, _e____, __c___, ___r__, ____e_, _____t

s _____，_ e ____，__ c ___，___ r __，____ e _，_____ t

The only information that each shareholder would have is the letter that they hold, essentially making their individual shares useless.

每个股东唯一拥有的信息就是他们持有的信件，这实际上使他们的个人股份毫无用处。

Secret sharing schemes can also be hierarchical depending on how the shares are distributed. This allows the secret owner to distribute shares based on how much the shareholders are trusted.

秘密共享方案也可以是分层的，具体取决于共享的分配方式。 这允许秘密所有者根据股东的信任程度来分配股份。

假设您想安全地存储用于访问加密货币钱包的私钥。 (Let’s say you wanted to safely store your private key that you used to access your cryptocurrency wallet.)

Private keys are used to send cryptocurrency fro