深度图(维基百科)
n 3D computer graphics a depth map is an image or image channel that contains information relating to the distance of the surfaces of scene objects from a viewpoint. The term is related to and may be analogous to depth buffer, Z-buffer, Z-buffering and Z-depth.[1] The "Z" in these latter terms relates to a convention that the central axis of view of a camera is in the direction of the camera's Z axis, and not to the absolute Z axis of a scene.
Depth map 深度图是一张2D图片,每个像素都记录了从视点(viewpoint)到遮挡物表面(遮挡物就是阴影生成物体)的距离,这些像素对应的顶点对于观察者而言是“可见的”。
Depth map中像素点记录的深度值为lenth1;然后从视点出现,计算物体顶点v到视点的距离,记为lenth2;比较二者大小,来确定“v”是否被遮挡。该术语的同义词有depth buffer, Z-buffer, Z-buffering 和 Z-depth。这里的"Z"是相对于相机(即视点)视图中心轴线而言的,也就是相机的z轴线,而不是场景的绝对坐标中的z轴线。
用途
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模拟在一个场景中的密度均匀的半透明介质效果-如雾,烟或大量的水;
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模拟场景表面的深度域(depth of field (DOF));
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可用于高效的变形体碰撞检测。