STM32HAL库（二）：时钟树案例详解

STM32时钟树案例详解

时钟树

直接使用HSI作为时钟源

使用配置相应的结构体，最后调用HAL_RCC_OscConfig(), 和HAL_RCC_ClockConfig()初始化时钟。

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  * 方式一：直接配置相应的结构体
  * 	使用HSI作为系统时钟源(16MHz).
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};		//配置选择哪个系统时钟源
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};		//配置各条线路的分频

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage 
  */
  __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();		//使能PWR时钟
  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);	//配置调压器的输出电压级别，级别数值越小工作频率越高
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks 
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;	//选择HSI(High Speed Inside)作为时钟来源
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;										//开启HSI
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;	//HSI校准调整值，选择默认（可不写）
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;											//不使用PLL

	/* 等待时钟源切换成功 */
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
  	printf("HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) is Error!\n");	//输出错误提示
    Error_Handler();
  }
	
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks 
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK |		/* HCLK */
  								RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK |		/* SYSCLK */
  								RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1 |		/* PCLK1 */
  								RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;		/* PCLK2 */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;	//选择系统时钟源为HSI
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;			//AHB分频系数为1
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;				//APB1分频系数为1
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;				//APB2分频系数为1

	/* 等待切换成功 */
  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
  {
  	printf("HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) is Error!\n");	//输出错误提示
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

使用PLL作为时钟源，使用HSI作为PLL的时钟源

以下关于时钟的计算参考：RM0090_Page226_7.3.2:RCC PLL configuration register

• f(VCO clock) = f(PLL clock input) × (PLLN / PLLM)
• f(PLL general clock output) = f(VCO clock) / PLLP
• f(USB OTG FS, SDIO, RNG clock output) = f(VCO clock) / PLLQ

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  * 使用PLL作为系统时钟源(168MHz),由HSI提供时钟给PLL.
  * HSIPLL_SystemClock_Config(16, 336, 2, 7)
  */
void HSIPLL_SystemClock_Config(uint32_t m, uint32_t n, uint32_t p, uint32_t q)
{
	RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};		//声明时钟源结构体
	RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};		//声明各个时钟结构体

	/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage 
  */
	__HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();		//使能PWR时钟
	__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);	//配置调压器输出电压级别
	
	/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks 
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;		//选择HSI作为时钟源（16MHz）
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;											//开启HSI
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;									//开启PLL
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;					//选择HSI作为PLL时钟源
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = m;			//配置M分频-----2~63
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = n;			//配置N倍频-----50~432
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = p;			//配置p分频-----2,4,6,8----->SYSCLK
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = q;			//配置q分频-----4~15-------->Peripheral clock
	/** EX: SYSCLK=PLLCLK=HSI/m*n/p;
	*/

	/* 等待时钟源配置成功 */
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
  	//printf("HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) is Error!\n");	//输出错误提示
    Error_Handler();
  }

	/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks 
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK |
  								RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK |
  								RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1 |
  								RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;

	/* 等待切换成功,Find     	 Table10(Page:80, RM0090) */
  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) != HAL_OK)
  {
  	//printf("HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) is Error!\n");	//输出错误提示
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

使用PLL作为时钟源，使用HSE作为PLL的时钟源

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  * 使用PLL作为系统时钟源(168MHz),由HSE提供时钟给PLL.
  * HSEPLL_SystemClock_Config(8, 336, 2, 7)
  */
void HSEPLL_SystemClock_Config(uint32_t m, uint32_t n, uint32_t p, uint32_t q)
{
	RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};		//声明时钟源结构体
	RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};		//声明各个时钟结构体

	/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage 
  */
	__HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();		//使能PWR时钟
	__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);	//配置调压器输出电压级别
	
	/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks 
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;		//选择HSE作为时钟源（16MHz）
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;											//开启HSE
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;									//开启PLL
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;					//选择HSE作为PLL时钟源
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = m;			//配置M分频-----2~63
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = n;			//配置N倍频-----50~432
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = p;			//配置p分频-----2,4,6,8----->SYSCLK
	RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = q;			//配置q分频-----4~15-------->Peripheral clock
	/** EX: SYSCLK=PLLCLK=HSE/m*n/p;
	*/

	/* 等待时钟源配置成功 */
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
  	printf("HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) is Error!\n");	//输出错误提示
    Error_Handler();
  }

	/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks 
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK |
  								RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK |
  								RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1 |
  								RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;
	RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
	
	/* 等待切换成功,Find Table10(Page:80, RM0090) */
  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) != HAL_OK)
  {
  	printf("HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) is Error!\n");	//输出错误提示
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

---

可参考链接：

• STM32时钟系统讲解(此为STM32L4) https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/91225332