Halcon缺陷检测——Blob分析特征

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-19 16:30:02 发布

MechMaster

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-19 16:30:02 发布

阅读量2.2k

点赞数 5

分类专栏： Halcon 文章标签：图像处理 blob halcon

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38566632/article/details/116208713

版权

Halcon 专栏收录该内容

49 篇文章

订阅专栏

这篇博客介绍了三个使用Halcon进行图像分析的案例，包括检测破碎的小饼干、胶囊药粒的完整性以及塑料网破损情况。通过阈值处理、形态学操作和特征提取，对不同场景下物体的合格性进行判断，展示了Halcon在工业检测中的应用。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

blob分析+定位+特征

案例1：检测破碎的小饼干

check_hazeInut_wafers.hdev

这个例子就是利用区域的孔洞面积和矩形度两个特征来判断被测物是否合格的，这种非此即彼，而且带有比较主观性的方法，一般要求光照稳定，背景简单。
在这里插入图片描述

Halcon代码：

dev_get_window (WindowHandle)
dev_set_draw ('margin')
dev_set_line_width (3)

list_files ('./', ['files','follow_links'], ImageFiles)
tuple_regexp_select (ImageFiles, ['\\.(tif|tiff|gif|bmp|jpg|jpeg|jp2|png|pcx|pgm|ppm|pbm|xwd|ima|hobj)$','ignore_case'], ImageFiles)

for Index := 0 to |ImageFiles| - 1 by 1
       read_image (Image, ImageFiles[Index])
             
       threshold (Image, Regions, 56, 255)
       opening_circle (Regions, RegionOpening, 8.5)            
       region_features (RegionOpening, 'area_holes', AreaHole)
       region_features (RegionOpening, 'rectangularity', Rectangularity)
       
       dev_display (Image)
       if(AreaHole<300 and Rectangularity>0.92)
              dev_set_color ('green')
              dev_display (RegionOpening)
              set_display_font (WindowHandle, 96, 'mono', 'true', 'false')
              disp_message (WindowHandle, 'OK', 'image', 12, 12, 'green', 'false')
       else
              dev_set_color ('red')
              dev_display (RegionOpening)
              set_display_font (WindowHandle, 96, 'mono', 'true', 'false')
              disp_message (WindowHandle, 'NG', 'image', 12, 12, 'red', 'false')
       endif
       set_display_font (WindowHandle, 26, 'mono', 'true', 'false')
       disp_message (WindowHandle, '孔洞面积:'+AreaHole, 'image', 132, 12, 'black', 'true')
       disp_message (WindowHandle, '矩形度:'+Rectangularity, 'image', 182, 12, 'black', 'true')                           

       stop()
endfor

案例2：检测胶囊药粒

check_blister.hdev

这个案例是使用灰度值和区域面积来判断胶囊是否装错和是否是空的，但是最后一张图片倒数第三个胶囊，它的缺陷是比正常胶囊长度上短一点，使用面积筛选有点困难，所以又加上了一个区域的长度特征。
在这里插入图片描述

dev_set_line_width (3)
dev_get_window (WindowHandle)
dev_set_draw ('margin')
dev_set_color ('red')
dev_update_window ('off')
set_display_font (WindowHandle, 26, 'mono', 'true', 'false')

list_files ('./', ['files','follow_links'], ImageFiles)
tuple_regexp_select (ImageFiles, ['\\.(tif|tiff|gif|bmp|jpg|jpeg|jp2|png|pcx|pgm|ppm|pbm|xwd|ima|hobj)$','ignore_case'], ImageFiles)
read_image (Image,ImageFiles[0])

read_image (Image, ImageFiles[0])   
access_channel (Image, Image1, 3)
threshold (Image1, Regions, 75, 255)
opening_circle (Regions, RegionOpening, 2.5)
shape_trans (RegionOpening, RegionTrans, 'convex')//凸性转换
area_center (RegionTrans, Area, RowRef, ColumnRef)
orientation_region (RegionTrans, Phi)
vector_angle_to_rigid (RowRef, ColumnRef, Phi, RowRef, ColumnRef, 0, HomMat2D)
affine_trans_region (RegionTrans, RegionAffineTrans, HomMat2D, 'nearest_neighbor')
affine_trans_image (Image1, ImageAffineTrans, HomMat2D, 'constant', 'false')

gen_empty_obj (Objects)
for I := 0 to 4 by 1
       for J := 0 to 2 by 1
           r:=87+72*I
           c:=209+150*J
           gen_rectangle2 (ROI_0, r, c, 0, 70, 34)    
           concat_obj (Objects, ROI_0, Objects)
       endfor
endfor
union1 (Objects, RegionUnion)
       
for Index := 0 to |ImageFiles| - 1 by 1
       dev_update_window ('off')
       read_image (Image, ImageFiles[Index])  
       * 定位
       access_channel (Image, Image1, 3)
       threshold (Image1, Regions, 75, 255)
       opening_circle (Regions, RegionOpening, 2.5)
       closing_circle (RegionOpening, RegionClosing1, 2.5)
       shape_trans (RegionClosing1, RegionTrans, 'convex')//凸性转换
       area_center (RegionTrans, Area, Row, Column)
       orientation_region (RegionTrans, Phi)
       vector_angle_to_rigid (Row, Column, Phi, RowRef, ColumnRef, 0, HomMat2D)
       affine_trans_image (Image1, ImageAffineTrans, HomMat2D, 'constant', 'false')

       * 检测
       reduce_domain (ImageAffineTrans, RegionUnion, ImageReduced)
       binary_threshold (ImageReduced, Region, 'max_separability', 'dark', UsedThreshold)
       opening_circle (Region, RegionOpening1, 5.5)
       closing_circle (RegionOpening1, RegionClosing, 5.5)
       connection (RegionClosing, ConnectedRegions)
       fill_up (ConnectedRegions, RegionFillUp)
       
       shape_trans (RegionFillUp, RegionTrans1, 'convex')   
       select_shape (RegionTrans1, SelectedRegions, 'area', 'and', 2500, 6000)      
       sort_region (SelectedRegions, SortedRegions, 'character', 'true', 'row')
       * 判断
       count_obj (Objects, Number)
       gen_empty_obj (MissObject)
       gen_empty_obj (ErrorObject)
       numError:=0
       numMiss:=0
       for Index1 := 1 to Number by 1
           select_obj (Objects, ObjectSelected, Index1)
           intersection (ObjectSelected, SortedRegions, RegionIntersection)
           area_center (RegionIntersection, Area1, Row1, Column1)
           * 最后一张图片倒数第三个胶囊要短一些，光靠区域面积很难筛选啊，所以加一个区域长度
           region_features (RegionIntersection, 'width', widthValue)
           if(Area1>0)
                  min_max_gray (RegionIntersection, ImageReduced, 0, Min, Max, Range)
                  if(Area1 < 3800 or Min<65 or widthValue<95)//这种依靠区域面积区分好坏的方法还是不够稳定
                         numError:=numError+1
                         concat_obj (ErrorObject, ObjectSelected, ErrorObject)
                  endif
           else
                  numMiss:=numMiss+1
                  concat_obj (MissObject, ObjectSelected, MissObject)
           endif                          
       endfor
       
       dev_update_window ('on')
       dev_display (ImageAffineTrans)
       dev_set_color ('red')
       dev_display (MissObject)
       dev_set_color ('blue')
       dev_display (ErrorObject)
       disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Miss:'+numMiss, 'image', 12, 12, 'black', 'true')
       disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Error:'+numError, 'image', 52, 12, 'black', 'true')
       disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Right:'+(15-numError-numMiss), 'image', 92, 12, 'black', 'true')

       stop()
endfor

案例3：检查塑料网是否破损

novelty_detection_dyn_threshold.hdev
在这里插入图片描述

list_files ('./', ['files','follow_links'], ImageFiles)
tuple_regexp_select (ImageFiles, ['\\.(tif|tiff|gif|bmp|jpg|jpeg|jp2|png|pcx|pgm|ppm|pbm|xwd|ima|hobj)$','ignore_case'], ImageFiles)
dev_get_window (WindowHandle)
set_display_font (WindowHandle, 66, 'mono', 'true', 'false')
for Index := 0 to |ImageFiles| - 1 by 1
       read_image (Image, ImageFiles[Index])      
       threshold (Image, Regions, 28, 105)
       connection (Regions, ConnectedRegions)
       select_shape (ConnectedRegions, SelectedRegions, 'area', 'and', 450, 10000)
       boundary (SelectedRegions, RegionBorder, 'inner')
       
       count_obj (RegionBorder, Number)
       dev_display (Image)
       dev_display (RegionBorder)
       if(Number>1)
              dev_set_color ('red')              
              disp_message (WindowHandle, 'NG', 'image', 12, 12, 'red', 'false')
       else
              dev_set_color ('green')
              disp_message (WindowHandle, 'OK', 'image', 12, 12, 'green', 'false')
       endif
       dev_display(RegionBorder)

       stop()
endfor