Python matplotlib 成功使用SimHei 中文字体

1. 背景

Python 使用 matplotlib 库 设置中文字体时

plt.rcParams["font.sans-serif"] = ["SimHei"] 
plt.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"] = False

出现下面的错误：

UserWarning: Glyph 25968 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6570}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans.
  plt.tight_layout()
findfont: Generic family 'sans-serif' not found because none of the following families were found: SimHei
findfont: Generic family 'sans-serif' not found because none of the following families were found: SimHei
findfont: Generic family 'sans-serif' not found because none of the following families were found: SimHei
findfont: Generic family 'sans-serif' not found because none of the following families were found: SimHei
findfont: Generic family 'sans-serif' not found because none of the following families were found: SimHei
findfont: Generic family 'sans-serif' not found because none of the following families were found: SimHei

报错信息表明在绘制图形时，系统缺少所需的字体（如SimHei），导致无法正确显示中文字符

2. 下载

下载地址：
https://gitcode.com/open-source-toolkit/c55ef/?utm_source=tools_gitcode&index=top&type=card
下载后更名

sudo mv Ubuntu_18.04_SimHei.ttf SimHei.ttf

3. 更新

3.1 将下载的SimHei.ttf文件移动到系统的字体目录中

sudo mv SimHei.ttf /usr/share/fonts/truetype/

3.2 更新系统的字体缓存

sudo fc-cache -fv

3.3 查看系统中的字体

$ fc-list | grep "SimHei"
/usr/share/fonts/truetype/SimHei.ttf: SimHei,黑体:style=Regular

3.4 清理 matplotlib 缓存目录

rm ~/.cache/matplotlib -fr

3.5 重新启动IDE运行代码

生成图片如下

4. 参考

Matplotlib 找不到基本字体