一、PWM:脉冲宽度调制,简称:脉冲调制
脉冲形状:
占空比:接通时间与周期之比 t/T(高电平时间/总周期时长)
注:占空比越长,屏幕越亮
二、tim3初始化: 驱动蜂鸣器,蜂鸣器引脚为PB5,Tim3输出引脚为PA6,因此需要使用到引脚映射
注:复用引脚只需要把时钟打开即可
//tim3实现PWM输出
void TIM3_init(void)
{
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct;
TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStruct;
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct; //引脚结构体
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB | RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE); //打开端口B时钟,因为使用了引脚服用,所以必须加入复用引脚
GPIO_PinRemapConfig(GPIO_PartialRemap_TIM3, ENABLE); //引脚映射
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_5;
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct); //引脚应用结构体初始化
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);
TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_Prescaler = 72 - 1; //psc预装分频器的值
TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //CNT¹¤×÷ģʽ£¬ÏòÉϹ¤×÷ģʽ
TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_Period = 1000 - 1; //Pre预装载值
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3, &TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct);
TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE);
TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1; //oc模式
TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable;
TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_Pulse = 500; //oc值
TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High; //oc输出引脚的极值
TIM_OC2Init(TIM3, &TIM_OCInitStruct);
TIM_OC2PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Enable); //oc预装载使能
}
三、使用PWM简单实现报警器
1、通过OC值的变化来实现
while(1)
{
if(TIM_GetFlagStatus(TIM2, TIM_FLAG_Update) == SET)
{
TIM_ClearFlag(TIM2, TIM_FLAG_Update);
cnt++;
if(cnt >= 100)
{
cnt = 0;
TIM3_OCVal += 50;
TIM_SetCompare2(TIM3, TIM3_OCVal);
if(TIM3_OCVal >= 1000)
{
TIM3_OCVal = 0;
}
}
}
}
2、通过改变频率来实现(实则改变pre的值)
while(1)
{
if(TIM_GetFlagStatus(TIM2, TIM_FLAG_Update) == SET)
{
TIM_ClearFlag(TIM2, TIM_FLAG_Update);
cnt++;
if(cnt >= 50)
{
cnt = 0;
TIM3_Pre += 99;
TIM_SetAutoreload(TIM3, TIM3_Pre);
if(TIM3_Pre >= 1000)
{
TIM3_Pre = 0;
}
}
}
}