Python项目学习二：项目2：绘制图表--再次实现

说明：一些注意事项和前提，在初次实现博客中，已经说明，本博客，直接上再次实现的代码。

初次实现：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42163563/article/details/103273925

代码展示： 

from urllib.request import urlopen
from reportlab.graphics.shapes import *
from reportlab.graphics.charts.lineplots import LinePlot
from reportlab.graphics.charts.textlabels import Label
from reportlab.graphics import renderPDF

URL = 'ftp://ftp.swpc.noaa.gov/pub/weekly/Predict.txt'
COMMENT_CHARS = '#:'

drawing = Drawing(400, 200)
data = []
for line in urlopen(URL).readlines():
    line = line.decode()
    if not line.isspace() and line[0] not in COMMENT_CHARS:
        data.append([float(n) for n in line.split()])

pred = [row[2] for row in data]
high = [row[3] for row in data]
low = [row[4] for row in data]
times = [row[0] + row[1] / 12.0 for row in data]

lp = LinePlot()
lp.x = 50
lp.y = 50
lp.height = 125
lp.width = 300
lp.data = [list(zip(times, pred)),
           list(zip(times, high)), list(zip(times, low))]
lp.lines[0].strokeColor = colors.blue
lp.lines[1].strokeColor = colors.red
lp.lines[2].strokeColor = colors.green

drawing.add(lp)

drawing.add(String(250, 150, 'Sunspots', fontSize=14, fillColor=colors.red))

renderPDF.drawToFile(drawing, 'report2.pdf', 'Sunspots')

 运行结果，生成report2.pdf文件，打开如下：我的建议，多读源代码，我自己也在慢慢读的。

部分源代码展示：

 

class LinePlot(AbstractLineChart):
    """Line plot with multiple lines.

    Both x- and y-axis are value axis (so there are no seperate
    X and Y versions of this class).
    """
    _attrMap = AttrMap(BASE=PlotArea,
        reversePlotOrder = AttrMapValue(isBoolean, desc='If true reverse plot order.',advancedUsage=1),
        lineLabelNudge = AttrMapValue(isNumber, desc='Distance between a data point and its label.',advancedUsage=1),
        lineLabels = AttrMapValue(None, desc='Handle to the list of data point labels.'),
        lineLabelFormat = AttrMapValue(None, desc='Formatting string or function used for data point labels.'),
        lineLabelArray = AttrMapValue(None, desc='explicit array of line label values, must match size of data if present.'),
        joinedLines = AttrMapValue(isNumber, desc='Display data points joined with lines if true.'),
        strokeColor = AttrMapValue(isColorOrNone, desc='Color used for background border of plot area.'),
        fillColor = AttrMapValue(isColorOrNone, desc='Color used for background interior of plot area.'),
        lines = AttrMapValue(None, desc='Handle of the lines.'),
        xValueAxis = AttrMapValue(None, desc='Handle of the x axis.'),
        yValueAxis = AttrMapValue(None, desc='Handle of the y axis.'),
        data = AttrMapValue(None, desc='Data to be plotted, list of (lists of) x/y tuples.'),
        annotations = AttrMapValue(None, desc='list of callables, will be called with self, xscale, yscale.',advancedUsage=1),
        behindAxes = AttrMapValue(isBoolean, desc='If true use separate line group.',advancedUsage=1),
        gridFirst = AttrMapValue(isBoolean, desc='If true use draw grids before axes.',advancedUsage=1),
        )

    def __init__(self):
        PlotArea.__init__(self)
        self.reversePlotOrder = 0

        self.xValueAxis = XValueAxis()
        self.yValueAxis = YValueAxis()

        # this defines two series of 3 points.  Just an example.
        self.data = [
            ((1,1), (2,2), (2.5,1), (3,3), (4,5)),
            ((1,2), (2,3), (2.5,2), (3,4), (4,6))
            ]

        self.lines = TypedPropertyCollection(LinePlotProperties)
        self.lines.strokeWidth = 1
        self.lines[0].strokeColor = colors.red
        self.lines[1].strokeColor = colors.blue

        self.lineLabels = TypedPropertyCollection(Label)
        self.lineLabelFormat = None
        self.lineLabelArray = None

        # this says whether the origin is inside or outside
        # the bar - +10 means put the origin ten points
        # above the tip of the bar if value > 0, or ten
        # points inside if bar value < 0.  This is different
        # to label dx/dy which are not dependent on the
        # sign of the data.
        self.lineLabelNudge = 10
        # if you have multiple series, by default they butt
        # together.

        # New line chart attributes.
        self.joinedLines = 1 # Connect items with straight lines.

        #private attributes
        self._inFill = None
        self.annotations = []
        self.behindAxes = 0
        self.gridFirst = 0

    def demo(self):
        """Shows basic use of a line chart."""

        drawing = Drawing(400, 200)

        data = [
            ((1,1), (2,2), (2.5,1), (3,3), (4,5)),
            ((1,2), (2,3), (2.5,2), (3.5,5), (4,6))
            ]

        lp = LinePlot()

        lp.x = 50
        lp.y = 50
        lp.height = 125
        lp.width = 300
        lp.data = data
        lp.joinedLines = 1
        lp.lineLabelFormat = '%2.0f'
        lp.strokeColor = colors.black

        lp.lines[0].strokeColor = colors.red
        lp.lines[0].symbol = makeMarker('FilledCircle')
        lp.lines[1].strokeColor = colors.blue
        lp.lines[1].symbol = makeMarker('FilledDiamond')

        lp.xValueAxis.valueMin = 0
        lp.xValueAxis.valueMax = 5
        lp.xValueAxis.valueStep = 1

        lp.yValueAxis.valueMin = 0
        lp.yValueAxis.valueMax = 7
        lp.yValueAxis.valueStep = 1

        drawing.add(lp)

        return drawing


    def calcPositions(self):
        """Works out where they go.

        Sets an attribute _positions which is a list of
        lists of (x, y) matching the data.
        """

        self._seriesCount = len(self.data)
        self._rowLength = max(list(map(len,self.data)))

        self._positions = []
        for rowNo in range(len(self.data)):
            line = []
            for colNo in range(len(self.data[rowNo])):
                datum = self.data[rowNo][colNo] # x,y value
                if isinstance(datum[0],str):
                    x = self.xValueAxis.scale(mktime(mkTimeTuple(datum[0])))
                else:
                    x = self.xValueAxis.scale(datum[0])
                y = self.yValueAxis.scale(datum[1])
                line.append((x, y))
            self._positions.append(line)

    def _innerDrawLabel(self, rowNo, colNo, x, y):
        "Draw a label for a given item in the list."

        labelFmt = self.lineLabelFormat
        labelValue = self.data[rowNo][colNo][1] ###

        if labelFmt is None:
            labelText = None
        elif isinstance(labelFmt,str):
            if labelFmt == 'values':
                labelText = self.lineLabelArray[rowNo][colNo]
            else:
                labelText = labelFmt % labelValue
        elif hasattr(labelFmt,'__call__'):
            if not hasattr(labelFmt,'__labelFmtEX__'):
                labelText = labelFmt(labelValue)
            else:
                labelText = labelFmt(self,rowNo,colNo,x,y)
        else:
            raise ValueError("Unknown formatter type %s, expected string or function"% labelFmt)

        if labelText:
            label = self.lineLabels[(rowNo, colNo)]
            if not label.visible: return
            #hack to make sure labels are outside the bar
            if y > 0:
                label.setOrigin(x, y + self.lineLabelNudge)
            else:
                label.setOrigin(x, y - self.lineLabelNudge)
            label.setText(labelText)
        else:
            label = None
        return label

    def drawLabel(self, G, rowNo, colNo, x, y):
        '''Draw a label for a given item in the list.
        G must have an add method'''
        G.add(self._innerDrawLabel(rowNo,colNo,x,y))

    def makeLines(self):
        g = Group()
        yA = self.yValueAxis
        xA = self.xValueAxis
        bubblePlot = getattr(self,'_bubblePlot',None)
        if bubblePlot:
            bubbleR = min(yA._bubbleRadius,xA._bubbleRadius)
            bubbleMax = xA._bubbleMax

        labelFmt = self.lineLabelFormat

        P = list(range(len(self._positions)))
        if self.reversePlotOrder: P.reverse()
        inFill = getattr(self,'_inFill',None)
        lines = self.lines
        styleCount = len(lines)
        if inFill or [rowNo for rowNo in P if getattr(lines[rowNo%styleCount],'inFill',False)]:
            inFillY = getattr(inFill,'yValue',None)
            if inFillY is None:
                inFillY = xA._y
            else:
                inFillY = yA.scale(inFillY)
            inFillX0 = yA._x
            inFillX1 = inFillX0 + xA._length
            inFillG = getattr(self,'_inFillG',g)
        lG = getattr(self,'_lineG',g)
        # Iterate over data rows.
        for rowNo in P:
            row = self._positions[rowNo]
            styleRowNo = rowNo % styleCount
            rowStyle = lines[styleRowNo]
            rowColor = getattr(rowStyle,'strokeColor',None)
            dash = getattr(rowStyle, 'strokeDashArray', None)

            if hasattr(rowStyle, 'strokeWidth'):
                width = rowStyle.strokeWidth
            elif hasattr(lines, 'strokeWidth'):
                width = lines.strokeWidth
            else:
                width = None

            # Iterate over data columns.
            if self.joinedLines:
                points = []
                for xy in row:
                    points += [xy[0], xy[1]]
                if inFill or getattr(rowStyle,'inFill',False):
                    fpoints = [inFillX0,inFillY] + points + [inFillX1,inFillY]
                    filler = getattr(rowStyle, 'filler', None)
                    if filler:
                        filler.fill(self,inFillG,rowNo,rowColor,fpoints)
                    else:
                        inFillG.add(Polygon(fpoints,fillColor=rowColor,strokeColor=rowColor,strokeWidth=width or 0.1))
                if inFill in (None,0,2):
                    line = PolyLine(points,strokeColor=rowColor,strokeLineCap=0,strokeLineJoin=1)
                    if width:
                        line.strokeWidth = width
                    if dash:
                        line.strokeDashArray = dash
                    lG.add(line)

            if hasattr(rowStyle, 'symbol'):
                uSymbol = rowStyle.symbol
            elif hasattr(lines, 'symbol'):
                uSymbol = lines.symbol
            else:
                uSymbol = None

            if uSymbol:
                if bubblePlot: drow = self.data[rowNo]
                for j,xy in enumerate(row):
                    if (styleRowNo,j) in lines._children:
                        juSymbol = getattr(lines[styleRowNo,j],'symbol',uSymbol)
                    else:
                        juSymbol = uSymbol
                    if juSymbol is uSymbol:
                        symbol = uSymbol
                        symColor = rowColor
                    else:
                        symbol = juSymbol
                        symColor = getattr(symbol,'fillColor',rowColor)
                    symbol = uSymbol2Symbol(symbol,xy[0],xy[1],symColor)
                    if symbol:
                        if bubblePlot:
                            symbol.size = bubbleR*(drow[j][2]/bubbleMax)**0.5
                        g.add(symbol)
            else:
                if bubblePlot: drow = self.data[rowNo]
                for j,xy in enumerate(row):
                    juSymbol = getattr(lines[styleRowNo,j],'symbol',None)
                    if not juSymbol: continue
                    symColor = getattr(juSymbol,'fillColor',getattr(juSymbol,'strokeColor',rowColor))
                    symbol = uSymbol2Symbol(juSymbol,xy[0],xy[1],symColor)
                    if symbol:
                        if bubblePlot:
                            symbol.size = bubbleR*(drow[j][2]/bubbleMax)**0.5
                        g.add(symbol)

            # Draw data labels.
            for colNo in range(len(row)):
                x1, y1 = row[colNo]
                self.drawLabel(g, rowNo, colNo, x1, y1)

            shader = getattr(rowStyle, 'shader', None)
            if shader: shader.shade(self,g,rowNo,rowColor,row)

        return g

    def draw(self):
        yA = self.yValueAxis
        xA = self.xValueAxis
        if getattr(self,'_bubblePlot',None):
            yA._bubblePlot = xA._bubblePlot = 1
        yA.setPosition(self.x, self.y, self.height)
        if yA: yA.joinAxis = xA
        if xA: xA.joinAxis = yA
        yA.configure(self.data)

        # if zero is in chart, put x axis there, otherwise use bottom.
        xAxisCrossesAt = yA.scale(0)
        if ((xAxisCrossesAt > self.y + self.height) or (xAxisCrossesAt < self.y)):
            y = self.y
        else:
            y = xAxisCrossesAt

        xA.setPosition(self.x, y, self.width)
        xA.configure(self.data)
        self.calcPositions()
        g = Group()
        g.add(self.makeBackground())
        if self._inFill or self.behindAxes:
            xA._joinToAxis()
            if self._inFill:
                self._inFillG = Group()
                g.add(self._inFillG)
            if self.behindAxes:
                self._lineG = Group()
                g.add(self._lineG)
        xA._joinToAxis()
        yA._joinToAxis()
        xAex = xA.visibleAxis and [xA._y] or []
        yAex = yA.visibleAxis and [yA._x] or []
        skipGrid = getattr(xA,'skipGrid','none')
        if skipGrid!=None:
            if skipGrid in ('both','top'):
                yAex.append(xA._x+xA._length)
            if skipGrid in ('both','bottom'):
                yAex.append(xA._x)
        skipGrid = getattr(yA,'skipGrid','none')
        if skipGrid!=None:
            if skipGrid in ('both','top'):
                xAex.append(yA._y+yA._length)
            if skipGrid in ('both','bottom'):
                xAex.append(yA._y)
        if self.gridFirst:
            xA.makeGrid(g,parent=self,dim=yA.getGridDims,exclude=yAex)
            yA.makeGrid(g,parent=self,dim=xA.getGridDims,exclude=xAex)
        g.add(xA.draw())
        g.add(yA.draw())
        if not self.gridFirst:
            xAdgl = getattr(xA,'drawGridLast',False)
            yAdgl = getattr(yA,'drawGridLast',False)
            if not xAdgl: xA.makeGrid(g,parent=self,dim=yA.getGridDims,exclude=yAex)
            if not yAdgl: yA.makeGrid(g,parent=self,dim=xA.getGridDims,exclude=xAex)
        annotations = getattr(self,'annotations',[])
        for a in annotations:
            if getattr(a,'beforeLines',None):
                g.add(a(self,xA.scale,yA.scale))
        g.add(self.makeLines())
        if not self.gridFirst:
            if xAdgl: xA.makeGrid(g,parent=self,dim=yA.getGridDims,exclude=yAex)
            if yAdgl: yA.makeGrid(g,parent=self,dim=xA.getGridDims,exclude=xAex)
        for a in annotations:
            if not getattr(a,'beforeLines',None):
                g.add(a(self,xA.scale,yA.scale))
        return g

    def addCrossHair(self,name,xv,yv,strokeColor=colors.black,strokeWidth=1,beforeLines=True):
        from reportlab.graphics.shapes import Group, Line
        annotations = [a for a in getattr(self,'annotations',[]) if getattr(a,'name',None)!=name]
        def annotation(self,xScale,yScale):
            x = xScale(xv)
            y = yScale(yv)
            g = Group()
            xA = xScale.__self__ #the x axis
            g.add(Line(xA._x,y,xA._x+xA._length,y,strokeColor=strokeColor,strokeWidth=strokeWidth))
            yA = yScale.__self__ #the y axis
            g.add(Line(x,yA._y,x,yA._y+yA._length,strokeColor=strokeColor,strokeWidth=strokeWidth))
            return g
        annotation.beforeLines = beforeLines
        annotations.append(annotation)
        self.annotations = annotations

至此，再次实现项目完成。